介詞用法歸納

1、創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日介 詞 ( preposition ) 又稱前置詞，是一種虛詞.介詞不能獨(dú)自做 句子成份.介詞后須接賓語(yǔ)，介詞與其賓語(yǔ) 構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ).之歐侯瑞魂創(chuàng)作創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日一、介詞從其構(gòu)成來(lái)看可以分為：1、簡(jiǎn)單介詞( Simple prepositions ) 如： at ,by, for, in, from, since, through等；2、復(fù)合介詞( Compound prepositions ) 如： onto, out of, without, towards 等；3、短語(yǔ)介詞( phrasal prepositions )如； because

2、of, instead of, on account of, in spite of, infront of 等；4、二重介詞(double prepositions )如：from behind, from under, till after等；5、分詞介詞(participial prepositions ),又可 稱動(dòng)詞介詞( verbal prepositions )如： during, concerning, excepting, considering, past等.創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日二、罕見(jiàn)介詞的基本用法1、about關(guān)于10、excep

3、t解Do you know something about Tom ?Everyone except you answered the questioWhat about this coat ?（怎么樣）correctly.2、after在 之后11、for為了I m going to see you after supper.The students are studying hard for the people.Tom looked after his sick mother12、from月yesterday.（照看）I come from Shanghai.3、across橫過(guò)13、i

4、n在里oiCan you swim across the river.在 上面under在卜直4、against反對(duì)There are two balls in/on/under the desk.Areyou foror against me?14、near在附訪Nothing could make me turn against myWe live near the park.country.（叛變）15、of那5、along沿著Do you know the name of the winner.We walked along the river bank.16、over在正上方6、be

5、fore在 之前There is a bridge over the riverI hope to get there before seven o clock.Tom goes over his English everIt looks as though it will snow beforeday.（復(fù)習(xí)）long.（不久）17、round/around圍繞7、behind在后面The students stand around the teacher.The sun is hidden behind the clouds.18、to朝方叵8、by到時(shí)Can you tell me th

6、e way to the cinema.We had learned ten English songs by the end19、towards 朝著of last term.The car is traveling towards Beijing.9、during在 期間20、with 和Would you like to go toWhere are you going during the holiday.thecinemawithme學(xué)習(xí)這些介詞時(shí)可以先記住它的漢語(yǔ)意思，并在今后的學(xué)習(xí)中加以靈活運(yùn)用.然后參照例句來(lái)加深理解，三、經(jīng)常使用易混淆介詞辨析1、after/ in皆可暗示時(shí)間

7、在 之后， 其區(qū)別為：after1）暗示 在某點(diǎn)時(shí)間之后”，用于將來(lái)時(shí).如：We ll go out for a walk after supper.2）暗示 段時(shí)間之后”，用于過(guò)去時(shí).如：My mother came home after half an hour. in暗示 憶段時(shí)間之后”，用于將來(lái)時(shí).如：Wd ll go to school in two weeks.創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日2、at/in/onatseveno;clock （具體某一時(shí)刻用 at）in April /in April,2002 （具體某一月份或年份用in）on Apri

8、l 5,2002/on the morning of Monday（具體某一天用 on）3、in/by/withHe writes in black ink.（用資料）The guard cut one boot open with a knife.（用工具）She always goes to school by bike.（用手段）4、between/amongCan you say the differences between the two words?（兩者之間） Premier Chou En-lai lives among the people for ever. （三者或三者

9、以上） 5、 besides/exceptWe have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.（除之外，還有）全部計(jì)算在內(nèi)We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.（除之外）不計(jì)算在內(nèi)6、on/over/aboveThere is a boat on the desk （在某物面上，與此物接觸.） There is a bridge over the river.（在某物正上方，與此物不接觸， 或橫在某物上，或覆蓋在某物上.）She spread a cloth over the table.He held his

10、heads above his head.（ 在上”，強(qiáng)調(diào) 高于.”）7、on/in/toMongolia ison thenorthofchina.（與中國(guó)接壤，不屬于中國(guó)）Japan isto theeastof china.（不屬于中國(guó)，且不接壤）Taiwan is in the east of China.（臺(tái)灣屬于中國(guó)） 8、since/forsince暗示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以來(lái)for暗示一段時(shí)間I have been living here since 1982.（自 1982年以來(lái)，我一直住在這里）I have been living here for 20 years.（我已經(jīng)在這

11、里住了 20年了）9、of/fromThe desk is made of wood （看得出資料）Paper is made from wood.（看不出資料）The bread is made up of flour, sugar and milk.（由數(shù)種成份組成） 10、by/onHe used to go to school by bike.（籠統(tǒng)概括）He came to school on this bike yesterday.（具體至U 哪輛車）創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日the/forsee me.（既說(shuō)明不定式自己特點(diǎn)，students t

12、o learn English11、ofIts kind of you to come to 又說(shuō)明邏輯主語(yǔ)的品性）It simportant for youwell.（只說(shuō)明不定式自己的特征） 12、ofThis is the most interesting of allChina has the largest population in the world.13、of /about /on 暗示 談及，論述Do youDenver?（涉及淺層關(guān)系）/instories.（從個(gè)體的集體著眼） （從總體概括著眼）know of American singer JohnI have neve

13、r heard about him.（暗示談?wù)摰壬钜徊降年P(guān)系）This book is on grammar.（以為主要內(nèi)容）14、throughThe new railway runs through theHe walked slowly past the tallMary walked across the park to do some shopping.15、by/Wewritewith/past/acrosssmall town.（穿過(guò)） building.（從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)） （強(qiáng)調(diào)從一邊到另一邊）with通過(guò)手段pen.（暗示較具體的事物）Theres nothing to gain

14、 by waiting.（暗示籠統(tǒng)）16、despite despite although是連詞,Although= in是介詞，I wasspiteof （介詞）后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，ill yesterday, I stillalthough （連詞）不能跟句子后面要跟句子.went to school.Despite failure in the exam, I still have a chance to win in the term./like17、asas 1）用作介詞時(shí)意思為作為，充任”如：She acted as an interpreter.2）用作連詞時(shí) 意思為 像一樣；當(dāng)

15、，由于As it was cold, I didn t gooutside.like用作介詞，意思為像一樣John sings like a nightingale.18、by day （指白天）/ by the day （按日計(jì)算）I worked here by day and I am paid by the day.一、3.暗示地址時(shí)at, in, on的區(qū)別5.表方位的介詞in, on, to, off的區(qū)別 in暗不在境內(nèi). on暗示相鄰或在鴻溝上，不在境內(nèi).創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日to暗示在境外，不接壤.off暗示在海面上靠近海岸的處所Guan

16、gdong lies the south of China and Fujian is the east of it.Hainan is the coast of the mainland.二暗示時(shí)間介詞1. at, in, on 的區(qū)別1 The train leaves 6:00pm, so I have to be at the station 5:40 at thelatest.A. at; until B. for; after C. at; by D. before;aroundThe old man died cold a cold night.A. from; at B. of

17、; in C. of; on D. for; duringThe railway was opened traffic April 4, 1985.A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; onin,on,at的區(qū)別和用法at暗示在某一時(shí)刻或長(zhǎng)久的時(shí)間.at one o clok一點(diǎn)鐘），at dawn （在黎明），at sunrise （在日出時(shí)），at noon （在正午）, at that time （在那時(shí)）, at the last moment （在最后一刻），at breakfast （在早餐時(shí)）at darkat亦可暗示年齡、節(jié)日等.at th

18、e age of twenty （在二十歲時(shí)），atMid-autumn （在中秋節(jié)時(shí)），at Christmas （在圣誕節(jié)時(shí)）in用來(lái)暗示某年、某月、季節(jié)、上下午、薄暮等時(shí)間in 1998 in May, in May, 1998in the morningafternoonevening,in the night （特指某一夜間，而at night表泛指的夜間），in theday （在白天）in one sold age （在某人晚年） in one s teens / twenti曲/rties, in one s yoiMhthe day time in one s liifne

19、the past inthose days in the futureon用于某日或特定某日的早晚、上下午等.on Sunday （在星期日），on October the first, 1999 （在 1999年 10月 1 日），on Monday morning （在星期日早晨） ,on a coldevening （在一個(gè)寒冷的晚上） ， on New Year;s Eve （新年前夕）on Christmas DayAt 9 on the morning of April,1976At 9 in the morning in April , 19762.in,within,after

20、的區(qū)別和用法in表從現(xiàn)在時(shí)間角度看將來(lái)，意為 在之后：過(guò)若干時(shí)間就 ”.The project will be finished in a week.創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日within暗示期限,意為 在某時(shí)間之內(nèi)”.（將來(lái)或過(guò)去）He must be back within a week.他必需一周之內(nèi)回來(lái).after暗示什么時(shí)間之后”,后可接表某一時(shí)刻或某種活動(dòng)的詞.The meal was ready after thirty minutes.三十分鐘后飯熟了 .We left after the party.晚會(huì)后我們離開(kāi)了 .My father w

21、ill be back from abroad in three days.He left home and went to the front after two days two days laterI ll go and see her after three o clock.after+一段時(shí)間，常與過(guò)去時(shí)連用after +時(shí)間上的一點(diǎn)，常與將來(lái)時(shí)連用In the past, no villagers dared do that.In the pastlast few years, great changes have taken place in the village.during

22、, for的區(qū)別和用法during暗示 在（某一段時(shí)間）內(nèi)”，在一期間”用于已知一段時(shí)間或已限定的時(shí)期或階段.for用來(lái)指延續(xù)一段時(shí)間.例如 I went to shanghai during the vacation and stayed there for 20 days.我假期里去了上海并在那兒呆了二十多天.by, till / until的區(qū)別和用法by暗示到某時(shí)某事已發(fā)生或已呈現(xiàn)情況，經(jīng)常與完成時(shí)連用；till暗示行動(dòng)或狀態(tài)一直遲續(xù)到某一時(shí)間（肯定句中延續(xù)動(dòng)詞）.We discussed about the matter till/until midnight.我們一直談那件事，直到

23、午夜時(shí)分.（midnight指舉措的終點(diǎn)）.You must hand in your term paper by next Monday.你必需在下星期日之前交學(xué)期論文.（不晚于星期一，可以是星期一也可以是這之前某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生）till / until經(jīng)經(jīng)常使用在否定句中，譯作 到才”強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間晚了 . 例如 He didn t arrive until ten o clock.他直到十點(diǎn)鐘才來(lái).三、工具、手段、方式介詞By sea by water by land by air by railBy bike by bus by taxi by plane by ship by boat by

24、train by spaceshipIn the a plane, on a the train, on the a my bike, on foot, on a horseWith + a the my +有形的工具或身體某些器官With a pen with our eyes創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日創(chuàng)作時(shí)間：二零二一年六月三十日By in on overthrough 等多用與無(wú)形的工具或手段by hand in ink on the telephone over the radio through the telescope 使用語(yǔ)言，原料，資料用in in English in

25、blue inkIn this that the same wayBy thisthat meansBy means ofWiththisthat罕見(jiàn)介詞比較on 關(guān)于“，學(xué)術(shù)性強(qiáng)：a lecture on computerabout關(guān)于，知識(shí)性或隨便談?wù)摚篴 discussion about the planbe familiar with sb./sth.熟悉某人 /某be familiar to sb.為某人所熟悉be strict with sb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求be strict in sth.嚴(yán)格看待某事shout to呼喊，向喊shout at對(duì) 吼，責(zé)罵at least 至少in

26、 the least 絲毫，一點(diǎn)in the end = at last= finallyby the end of 至U 末止at the end of在結(jié)束時(shí)，在末端，in the way擋路，障礙，妨礙in a way在某點(diǎn)上，在某種水平上by the way順便問(wèn)一下on one s way(to)在 一 路上 after a time = after some time 過(guò)一段時(shí)間后behind time遲至U,過(guò)期ahead of time提前,超前methodsometime 某時(shí)some time某段時(shí)間，某一時(shí)期sometimes 有時(shí)at a time = each tim

27、e 每次at one time= once 曾in the air空中，在流傳on the air 播出for a moment = for a while/minute 一會(huì)JLfor the moment 暫時(shí)in a moment 立亥 Uat the moment 那時(shí)the moment/minute/second/instance = a soon as 一 .就 be tired of 討厭 be tired withfrom 因而疲倦be pleased with +名詞/what從句 對(duì)一滿意bepleasedat+籠統(tǒng)名詞聽(tīng)/看到而高興1、Could you tell me somethingUFOs?I am really interested in it.2、I g