機電專業(yè)英語整套課件完整版電子教案最全ppt整本書課件全套教學(xué)教程(最新)

1、機電專業(yè)英語目錄Part one Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineering Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Design Lesson 3 Engineering Materials Lesson 4 Basic Concepts in Mechanics Lesson 5 Hydraulics Lesson 6 Engineering Graphics Lesson 7 Mechanical Parts下一頁目錄 Lesson 8 Lathes and Lathe Operations Lesson 9

2、 Metal Forming Lesson 10 The Welding and Welding Arc Lesson 11 Injection Molding MachinesPart two Lesson 12 Mechatronics Lesson 13 Microcontroller Overview Lesson 14 Introduction to PLC下一頁上一頁返回目錄 Lesson 15 Industrial Robots Lesson 16 Pro/Engineer Lesson 17 Numerically Controlled Machine Tools Lesson

3、 18 Computer-Aided Process Planning Lesson 19 Flexible Manufacturing Systems Lesson 20 Virtual Manufacturing下一頁上一頁返回目錄Part three Lesson 21 Solar Power Lesson 22 Wind Power (I) Lesson 23 Wind Power (II) Lesson 24 How to Write a Scientific Paper上一頁返回Part oneLesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Enginee

4、ringLesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine DesignLesson 3 Engineering MaterialsLesson 4 Basic Concepts in MechanicsLesson 5 HydraulicsLesson 6 Engineering GraphicsLesson 7 Mechanical Parts下一頁Part oneLesson 8 Lathes and Lathe OperationsLesson 9 Metal FormingLesson 10 The Welding and Welding ArcLesson 11 In

5、jection Molding Machines上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical EngineeringSection Text Mechanical Engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the application of principles of physics and chemistry for analysis，design，manufacturing and maintenance of various systems. Mechanical Engineer

6、ing is one of the oldest and broadest engineering disciplines. It requires a solid understanding of core concepts including mechanics，kinematics，thermodynamics，fluid mechanics，and energy. Mechanical engineers use the core principles as well as other knowledge in the field to design and analyze manuf

7、acturing plants，industrial equipment and machinery，heating and cooling systems，motor vehicles，aircraft，watercraft，robots，medical devices and more.下一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineering History and Development Applications of mechanical engineering are found in the records of many anci

8、ent and medieval societies throughout the globe. In ancient Greece，the works of Archimedes(287 BC一212 BC) and Heron of Alexandria(10一70 AD) deeply influenced mechanics in the Western tradition. In China，Zhang Heng(78一139 AD) improved a water clock and invented a seismometer，and Ma Jun ( 200一265 AD)

9、invented a chariot with differential gears.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineering During the years from the 7th to the 15th century，there were remarkable contributions from Arabians in the field of mechanical technology，A1 Jaziri，who was one of them，wrote his famous “Book of Knowle

10、dge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices” in 1206 in which he presented many mechanical designs. He is also considered to be the inventor of such mechanical devices that now form the very basics of mechanisms，such as crank and cam shafts. 下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineering During th

11、e early 19th century in England and Scotland，the development of machine tools led mechanical engineering to develop as a separate field within engineering，providing manufacturing machines and the engines to power them. The first British professional society of mechanical engineers was formed in 1847

12、，thirty years after civil engineers formed the first such professional society. In the United States，the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) was formed in 1880，becoming the third such professional engineering society，after the American Society of Civil Engineers(1852)and the American Ins

13、titute of Mining Engineers(1871).The first school in the United States to offer an engineering education was the United States Military Academy in 1817. Education in mechanical engineering has historically been based on a strong foundation in mathematics and science.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of

14、 Mechanical Engineering The field of mechanical engineering is considered among the broadest of engineering disciplines. The work of mechanical engineering ranges from the depths of the ocean to outer space. Modern Tools Many mechanical engineering companies，especially those in industrialized nation

15、s，have begun to incorporate computer-aided engineering(CAE)programs into their existing design and analysis processes，including 2D and 3D solid modeling computer-aided design(CAD).This method has many benefits，including easier and more exhaustive visualization of products，the ability to create virtu

16、al assemblies of parts，and the ease of use in designing mating interfaces and tolerances. Other CAE programs commonly used by mechanical engineers include product lifecycle management(PLM)tools and analysis tools used to perform complex下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineering simulat

17、ions. Analysis tools may be used to predict product response to expected loads，including fatigue life and manufacturability. These tools include finite element analysis(FEA)，computational fluid dynamics(CFD)，and computer-aided manufacturing(CAM).下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineeri

18、ng As mechanical engineering begins to merge with other disciplines，as seen in mechatronics， multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) is being used with other CAE programs to automate and improve the iterative design process. MDO tools wrap around existing CAE processes，allowing product evaluatio

19、n to continue even after the analyst goes home for the day. They also utilize sophisticated optimization algorithms to more intelligently explore possible designs，often finding better，innovative solutions to difficult multidisciplinary design problems. 下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical En

20、gineeringSection II New Words and Phrasesdisciplinemechanicskinematicsthermodynamicsfluid mechanicsmotor vehicleswatercraftrobotmedievalsocietyseismometerchariot下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineeringdifferentialgearchariot with differential gearsArabianingeniouspresentcrankcamshaft

21、providemanufactureprofessional societycivil engineerexhaustivevisualization下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineeringvirtualmating interfacestolerancesfatiguefatigue lifesimulationresponsemanufacturabilityproduct lifecycle managementfinitefinite element analysis (FEA)computer-aided man

22、ufacturing ( CAM)merge下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineeringmechatronicsmultidisciplinaryoptimizationmultidisciplinary design optimization (MDO)computational fluid dynamics (CFD)iterativeevaluationsophisticatedwrapalgorithminovativeintelligent下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mecha

23、nical EngineeringSection III Notes to Complex Sentences1He is also considered to be the inventor of such mechanical devices that now form the very basic of mechanisms, such as crank and cam shafts. 他還被認(rèn)為是很多機械的發(fā)明者，這些機械演變成當(dāng)今最基本的機構(gòu)，如曲軸和凸輪軸。 that now form the very basic of是定語從句，修飾devices.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson

24、1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineering2the development of machine tools led mechanical engineering to develop as a separate field within engineering，providing manufacturing machines and the engines to power them. 機器工具的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致機械工程從其他工程領(lǐng)域分離出來，專門提供機器和發(fā)動機制造。3The field of mechanical engineering is consid

25、ered among the broadest of engineering disciplines. 機械工程被認(rèn)為是范圍最廣的學(xué)科之一。4The work of mechanical engineering ranges from the depths of the ocean to outer space. 機械工程所涉及的領(lǐng)域遍及深海至外層空間下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 1 The Evolution of Mechanical Engineering5MDO tools wrap around existing CAE processes，allowing product eval

26、uation to continue even after the analyst goes home for the day. MDO工具結(jié)合已有的CAE程序，能夠讓產(chǎn)品評估過程不間斷進(jìn)行，即使分析員下班回家。6They also utilize sophisticated optimization algorithms to more intelligently explore possible designs 它們還應(yīng)用復(fù)雜的優(yōu)化算法來尋求可能的設(shè)計方案上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine DesignSection Text Design is e

27、ssentially a decision-making process. If we have a problem，we need to design a solution. In other words，to design is to formulate a plan to satisfy a particular need and to create something with a physical reality. A bad decision leads to a bad design and a bad product. There are many factors to be

28、considered while attacking a design problem. In many cases this is a common sense approach to solving a problem. Some of these factors are as follows.下一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Design What device or mechanism to be used一This is best judged by understanding the problem thoroughly. Sometime

29、s a particular function can be achieved by a number of means or by using different mechanisms and the designer has to decide which one is the most effective under the circumstances. Material一This is a very important aspect of any design. A wrong choice of material may lead to failure，over or undersi

30、zed product or expensive items. The choice of materials is thus dependent on suitable properties of the material for each component，their suitability of fabrication or manufacture and the cost.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Design Load一The external loads cause internal stresses in the elem

31、ents and these stresses must be determined accurately since these will be used in determining the component size. Size，shape，space requirements and weight一Preliminary analysis would give an approximate size. But if a standard element is to be chosen，the next larger size must be taken. Shapes of stan

32、dard elements are known but for non-standard element，shapes and space requirements must depend on available space in a particular machine assembly. A scale layout drawing is often useful to arrive at an initial shape and size. Weight is important depending on application. Manufacture一Care must alway

33、s be taken to ensure that the designed elements may be manufactured with ease within the available facilities and at low cost.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Design How will it operate一In the final stage of the design，a designer must ensure that the machine may be operated with ease. In man

34、y power operated machines，it is simply a matter of pressing a knob or switch to start the machine. However in many other cases，a sequence of operations is to be specified. This sequence must not be complicated and the operations should not require excessive force.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Mac

35、hine Design Reliability and safety一Reliability is an important factor in machine should work effectively and reliably. The probability will not fail in use is called reliability. Reliability lies between 0R1. To ensure this every detail should be examined. Possible overloading，wear of elements，exces

36、sive heat generation and other such detrimental factors must be avoided. There is no single answer for this but an overall safe design approach and care at every stage of design would result in a reliable machine. Safety has become a matter of paramount importance these days in design. Machines must

37、 be designed to serve mankind，not to harm it. Industrial regulations ensure that the manufacturer is liable for any damage or harm arising out of a defective product. 下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Design Maintenance, cost and aesthetics Maintenance and safety are often interlinked. Good m

38、aintenance ensures good running condition of machinery. Often a regular maintenance schedule is maintained and a thorough check up of moving and loaded parts is carried out to avoid catastrophic failures. Low friction and wear is maintained by proper lubrication. This is a major aspect of design sin

39、ce wherever there are moving parts，friction and wear are inevitable. High friction leads to increased loss of energy. Wear of machine parts leads to loss of material and premature failure.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Design Cost and aesthetics are essential considerations to the choice o

40、f materials which in turn depends on Although in many cases aesthetic considerations are product design. Cost is essentially related stresses developed in a given condition. not essential aspects of machine design，ergonomic aspects must be taken into considerations.Section II New Words and Phrasesde

41、cision-makingformulatethoroughlycircumstanceundersized下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Designcomponentexternalinternalstressapproximatestandard elementscalescale layout drawingcommon sense approachwith easefacilityknob下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Designsequenceexcessivereliabilit

42、yprobabilityoverloadingexcessive heatpreliminaryassemblyparamountdetrimentalindustrial regulations下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Designliabledefectiveaestheticsmaintenancecatastrophicfriction and wearlubricationcheck upinevitableprematureergonomics下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine D

43、esignSection III Notes to Complex Sentences1In many cases this is a common sense approach to solving a problem.許多場合下，通過常識就可解決問題2A wrong choice of material may lead to failure，over or undersized product or expensive items.選材錯誤會導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品失敗、尺寸過大或過小及成本過高。3But if a standard element is to be chosen，the next la

44、rger size must be taken. 如果選用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件，就要取稍大一點的尺寸。4A scale layout drawing is often useful to arrive at an initial shape and size. 按比例畫出一張布置圖往往對形成初步的形狀和尺寸很有幫助。下一頁上一頁返回Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Machine Design5it is simply a matter of pressing a knob or switch to start the machine. 只不過是按一下旋鈕開機那么簡單的事情6Industri

45、al regulations ensure that the manufacturer is liable for any damage or harm arising out of a defective product. 工業(yè)法規(guī)確保制造商對有缺陷產(chǎn)品造成的任何損害和傷害負(fù)責(zé)7Cost is essentially related to the choice of materials which in turn depends on the stresses developed in a given condition. 成本最終取決于材料的選擇，而材料的選擇又取決于給定條件下的應(yīng)力狀況上

46、一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering MaterialsSection Text Introduction Common engineering materials are normally classified as metals and nonmetals. Metals may conveniently be divided into ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Important ferrous metals for the present purpose are (i)Cast iron. (ii) Wrought iron. (iii)

47、Steel.下一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering MaterialsSome of the important non-ferrous metals used in engineering design are(i) Light metal group such as aluminium and its alloys.(ii) Copper based alloys such as brass (Cu-Zn)，bronze (Cu-Sn).(iii) White metal group such as nickel，silver，zinc，etc.Ferrous Materials

48、 Cast iron: It is an alloy of iron，carbon and silicon and it is hard and brittle. Carbon content may be within 1 .7 % to 3%and carbon may be present as free carbon or iron carbide Fe3 C. Wrought iron: This is a very pure iron where the iron content is of the order of 99.5 % .It is produced by re-mel

49、ting pig iron and some small amount of silicon，sulphur，or phosphorus may be present. 下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materials It is tough，malleable and ductile and can easily be forged or welded. It cannot however take sudden shock. Chains，crane hooks，railway couplings and such other components may be

50、made of this iron. Steel: This is by far the most important engineering material and there is an enormous variety of steel to meet the wide variety of engineering requirements. Steel is basically an alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content can be less than 1 .7 % and carbon is present in

51、 the form of iron carbide to impart hardness and strength. Two main categories of steel are plain carbon steel and alloy steel. (i)Plain carbon steel: The properties of plain carbon percentages and other alloying elements are not usually present steel depend mainly 0. 5% on the carbon in more than t

52、o 1% such as 0. 5% or 1%Mn,etc. 下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materials (ii) Alloy steel: These are steels in which elements other than carbon are added in sufficient quantities to impart desired properties，such as wear resistance，corrosion resistance，electric or magnetic properties. Chief alloying el

53、ements added are usually nickel for strength and toughness，chromium for hardness and strength，tungsten for hardness at elevated temperature，vanadium for tensile strength，manganese for high strength in hot rolled and heat treated condition，silicon for high elastic limit. Non-ferrous Metals Metals con

54、taining elements other than iron as their chief constituents are usually referred to as non-ferrous metals. There is a wide variety of non-metals in practice. However, only a few exemplary ones are discussed below.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materials Aluminium: This is the white metal produced from

55、 Alumina. In its pure state it is weak and soft but addition of small amounts of Cu，Mn，Si and Magnesium makes it hard and strong. It is also corrosion resistant，low weight and non-toxic. Magnalium: This is an aluminium alloy with 2 % to 10%magnesium. It also contains 1 .75 % Cu. Due to its light wei

56、ght and good strength it is used for aircraft and automobile components. Copper alloys: Copper is one of the most widely used non-ferrous metals in industry. It is soft, malleable and ductile and is a good conductor of heat and electricity. The following two important copper alloys are widely used i

57、n practice.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materials Non-metals Non-metallic materials are also used in engineering practice due to principally their low cost，flexibility and resistance to heat and electricity. Though there are many suitable non-metals，plastics is the most important from design point of

58、 view. They are synthetic materials which can be moulded into desired shapes under pressure with or without application of heat. They are now extensively used in various industrial applications for their corrosion resistance，dimensional stability and relatively low cost.下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering M

59、aterialsSection II New Words and Phrasesclassifyconvenientlyferrouscast ironwroughtwrought ironalloynickelzinc下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materialssiliconbrittlecarbidepig ironsulphurphosphorusmalleablecranehookcouplingductile下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materialsforgeby farhardness and strengthcateg

60、oryplain carbon steelimpartcorrosion resistancehot rollelastic limittoughnesstensile下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materialsexemplaryconstituenttungstenchromiumvanadiummanganesenon-toxicbinary alloybrassbearingbronze下一頁上一頁返回Lesson3 Engineering Materialsboiler fittingsoxidizeglandflexibilitysyntheticmou