高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講義-并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句

1、 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講義并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句并列句=簡(jiǎn)單句+連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句1,表遞進(jìn)順承 ：and, not only - but als（等 Not only dare he say , but also he dare do （前倒后不倒）表選擇：or, either or Either you are here, or I am .表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比：but, yet ,however, whereas, still, nevertheless, while 等Hai yan likes pop music while I prefer classic music.4,表因果： so, for 等 You

2、got up late , so you didn t catch the early bus.You didn t catch the early bus, for you got up late.when-when= and at this/that time. 常用句式： sb was doing when - sb had just done when.sb was going to do/ about to do/on the point of doingThe teacher was giving a talk when a student came in .I was on th

3、e point of leaving when my friend called me .He had just walked across the road when an accident happened.狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：1, 當(dāng)時(shí)候 S be doing _when_ S V , S be doing _while_ S be doing , S Vs/ Ved _as_ S Vs/VedWe were reading when our teacher came in.My mother was cooking while my father was watching TVHe

4、sang as he walked. As time goes on , my sight fails gradually.2, 就一 as soon as, immediately/ instantly/ directly , the+ 時(shí)間詞（time, moment, minute ） ；once,hardly/ rarely/ scarcelywhen/ before ,no soo ner 用過(guò)去than日由后用過(guò)去時(shí),前詞提前要用部分倒裝）She began to check answers the moment she came here.（翻譯先從后主）I had hardly

5、 arrived at my school when the class began. （ 翻譯先主后從）=Hardly had I arrived at my school when the class began .3,直到till/ until肯定句主句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：I ll remain here till/ until you come up. （till不用于句首）否定句主句謂語(yǔ)用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞譯為 直到 才He didn t leave till/ until the rain stopped.Notuntil 的倒裝和強(qiáng)調(diào).倒裝：Not until主句肯定式的部分倒裝。Not u

6、ntil the rain stopped did he leave.強(qiáng)調(diào)：It s not untiltha向肯定式。It s not until the rain stopped that he left.4,多久后 時(shí)間段+before It ll be 20 minutes before we have a rest.還未 就before The car ran out of my sight before I remembered its number.但 It is/ has been+時(shí)間段 _since_ S +V ed . It is / has been half a ye

7、ar since they divorced.5, 每當(dāng) / 上次 / 下次 every/ each time, the last/ next/ first time, any time + 從句.I found you diligent the first time I saw you.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where , wherever .You should put your books where they were.Please tell me wherever you go.where +狀從 前無(wú)表地點(diǎn)的先行詞，where+定從 前則有表地點(diǎn)的先行詞。You should make a

8、 mark where you have questions.You should make a mark in the place where you have questions.原因狀語(yǔ)從句：因?yàn)?、由于、既?S V _because_從句. S V , _for_從句._Now that / As/ Since_從句，S V .He made an error because he wasn t cNrewuthat you are here, let s begin our class.目的狀語(yǔ)從句1,為了 in order thats o that （后置） 從句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞I l

9、l writ e the sentence every other line so that / in order that you can see it clearly.In order that he could catch the train , he set off without breakfast.2,唯恐，以防萬(wàn)一 for fear that, in case , lest（可表虛擬The mother stepped into the room quietly for fear that she might wake up the baby.Bring your text in

10、 case you need it.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：以便、為了 so that ,如此 以至于so/suchthatSo +adj （a/an +n ）/ adv + that + 從句；so+ many /much / few / little（少）+ 名 + that + 從句Such + （a/an ） adj + 名 + that + 從句such little（小）childrenYou are such a clever / so clever a student that you can figure out the problem.He earned so little mone

11、y that he couldn t afford to buy the house.So/ such及其修飾成分提前后接部分倒裝。So quickly did the teacher speak that I couldn t follow him條件狀語(yǔ)從句如果一 if （可虛擬），in case, on condition that, supposing /suppose that, provided/ providing that如果不unless= if not只要 so/ as long asonly if主句的部分倒裝Providing/ Provided that I fail

12、 the test, I won t lose heart.We ll go out to play unless it rains .You ll pass the exam as/ so long as you work hard.= only if you work hard will you pass the exam.方式狀語(yǔ)從句：和一樣 as , 好像as if / though（可表虛擬）Kate does everything as her mother does it .I feel as if /though I have a fever.（陳述）She treats th

13、e boy as if / though he were her son. （虛擬）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：1,雖然although/ though （不與 but 連用）/ while ，Although/ Though/ While it got cold , they went on practicing .若從句中的表語(yǔ)（不用冠詞）、狀語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)提前后+ as / though +從句其他成分。Child as / though he is, he knows a lot . Try as / though he might, he failed.表然而： S V while 從句 , S V,

14、S V, though. Bungee Jumping is interesting, it s dangerous, though.2,即使even if / though（可虛擬同if）Even if / though I fail , I won. （Wtzgive upven if / though it rained , I would go to visit you.（虛擬）3, 不管一 還是 . Whether or - Whether you believe or not , the story is true4,疑問(wèn)詞+ ever （還可引導(dǎo)名從），no matter +疑問(wèn)

15、詞 *見名從講義總結(jié)。No matter how / However difficult the problem is , we must solve it .（狀從）You can take whatever you like .（名從）比較狀語(yǔ)從句：和一樣 as.as，比更than.*見形容詞副詞總結(jié)。1,時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中主將從現(xiàn)。I wonder if it will rain tomorrow（賓從）.If it rains （狀從）,I ll stay at home.2,主從句主語(yǔ)一致或從句中為it is時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)（和 be）可省略，直接用連詞+doing （表主動(dòng)）

16、/done （表被動(dòng)/to do （表要發(fā)生）/ adj （表狀態(tài)）.注意if so （如果那樣），if any （如果有），if ever （如果發(fā)生過(guò)）When asking （ you ask） a question , you should put up your hand.When asked （ you are asked） a question, you should stand up .解題方法：1,并列句要弄清兩個(gè)單句的關(guān)系來(lái)確定連詞。2,狀語(yǔ)從句要熟悉每個(gè)連詞的意思，尤其是多意連詞，分析主從句關(guān)系，了解那些固定句式。并列句練習(xí)1He is a shy man,he is n

17、ot afraid of anything or anyone.Some animals carry seeds from one place to another,plants can spread to new places.There s no way of knowing why one man makes an importandiscovery another man, also intelligent, fails.I was glad to meet Jenny again,I didn t want to spend all day with her.It s not eas

18、y to change habits,with awareness and scofntrol, it is possible.You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get pass you.At school, some students are active some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard crie

19、s for help.并列句練習(xí)2The number of people invited was fifty,a number of them were absent for different reasons.It has been separated from other continents for millions of years,it has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.I have never been to Rome that s the city I d mo

20、st like to visit.Where have you been all day?We met some lovely children we couldn t get away from them until it was dark.White-collar workers in China are willing to postpone their retirement age blue-collar workers prefer to retireearly.How much did he charge you for repairing your iPhone?I don t

21、remember,it was quite a lot.I would have been able to catch the first flight home,my watch betrayed me.A few minutes earlier you would have seen the famous writer. He s just left.Thanks for your advice,this is something I have to figure out myself.My partner wants to keep the company small I d like

22、to expand it.狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)1Just a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)2 It is so cold that you can t go outside fully covered in thick clothes.We need to get

23、to the root of the problem we can solve it.5.scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don t know.he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further keep on going.the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer

24、 camp.the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.I believe you will have a wonderful time here you get to know everyone else.There is only one more day to go your favorite music group play live.If you miss this chance, it may be years you get anot

25、her one.The meaning of the word nice changed a few times it finally came to include the senseYou will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work.The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left I could ask for their names.It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me

26、to watch the football game.Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing.You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason you reach any decision.It s much easier to make friends you have similar interests.She says that she llhavsetoheshop business improves.I have hear

27、d a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.I had hardly got to the office my wife phoned me to go back home at once.Everything was placed exactly he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties it gets more financial sup

28、port from theEuropean Union.I always felt I would pass the exam, I neverthought I would get an A.hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.He smiled politely Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A number of high buildings have arisen there was nothing a

29、year ago but ruins.Hot the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.All the photographs in this book,stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.Coach, can I continue with the training?Sorry, you can t you haven t recovered from the knee injury.Smile and keep in a goo

30、d mood whatever happens and much trouble you meet with.we cooperate with each other, we won t make any breakthrough in the research.According to The Guardian, pay secrecy policies are common in US workplaces, even _ they re often carried out illegally.People often don t appreciate what they have, do

31、 they?No,they have lost it.It is so good a habit to instruct children to lay things they belong when they are young.So long as you do what you can, no one will blame you even you might fail in the future.Life doesn t count for much you re willing to do your small part to leave our children a better

32、world.It is not it is useful to study nature but he takes pleasure in it that the scientist studies nature. It sa long time I saw you last.Yes, and what a pity! It will be a long time we see each other again.Was it still there you were away to answer the phone.There is no doubt about it.The car hit

33、the huge stone by the road heavily he could stop it.Allow children space to voice their opinions even they are different from yours.As young men, we should learn to stand up we fell.Mankind must first ofall eat, drink, have shelter and clothing,it can pursue politics, science, art and religion.He ha

34、sn t got any hobb-e-you call watching TV a hobby.Mother often reminds me that the best thing one can do it is raining is to let it rain.Any measure of an ad iformpance is entirely pointless it could be viewed by a person.It took what seemed to be years the actress finally turned up, which made the j

35、ournalists as well as audiencesdisappointed and angry.Darling, hand me the new suit. My coat may be a little casual for the lecture.Why bother? I think you can go you are.advertisements are of great help, I don t think we should entirely rely on them.We need some more facts and figures we make the f

36、inal decision.并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)3My classmate Michael studied very hard _1_ he went to senior school. Every day he worked _2_ everyone elsein my class left the classroom. He said he wouldn t stop trying _3_ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard _he tried, he made litt le progress, but he didn t lose

37、 heart at all _5_ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeedone day. _6_ time went by, he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Beijing at last.We had a get-together party _7_ we started our new life at university. Everyone had got offers from universities

38、, _8_we had a very good time. When we stood _9_ we used to play and study, we couldn t help thinking of ourdays. We believed we would never forget each other, _10_ we would go or whatever we would do.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.參考答案：并列句練習(xí)1but/yet句意：他是一個(gè)害羞的男人，但是他不害怕任何事，也不害怕任何人。根據(jù)句意前后兩個(gè)分句為轉(zhuǎn)折 關(guān)系，故用but

39、/yet oso句意：一些動(dòng)物將種子從一個(gè)地方帶到另外一個(gè)地方，因此植物可以傳播到新的地方。前后兩個(gè)分句為因 果關(guān)系，故用so。while句意：沒辦法知道為什么有人能夠有重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，而有的人同樣聰明，卻不能。While在這里表示兩種情況的對(duì)比。but/yet句意：很高興又見到珍妮了，但我不想花一整天的時(shí)間和她在一起。根據(jù)句意前后兩個(gè)分句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān) 系，故用but/yet。but/yet句意：改變習(xí)慣不容易，但是如果有改變的意識(shí)和自制力，改變習(xí)慣還是可能的。前后兩個(gè)分句是轉(zhuǎn) 折關(guān)系，故用yet/butoor句意：你必須讓開路，否則卡車無(wú)法通過(guò)。or否則。while句意：在學(xué)校里，有些學(xué)生很活躍，而有

40、些卻很害羞，但是他們互相能成為好朋友。while表示兩者的對(duì)比。when句意：一個(gè)周五，我們正在收拾行李要出去度周末，就在那時(shí)我女兒聽到有人喊救命。when是并列連詞，相當(dāng)于 and at that time。并列句練習(xí)2but句意：被邀請(qǐng)的有 50人，但他們中的很多人由于不同原因缺席了。前后兩個(gè)分句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。so句意：由于與其它大洲分開了好幾百萬(wàn)年，因此那里有許多在世界上別的地方找不到的動(dòng)物和植物。前后兩句為因果關(guān)系，故用so。but句意：我從未去過(guò)羅馬，但那是我最想去的城市。前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。and句意：一一你們一整天都去哪里了？一一我們遇到了一些可愛的孩子，直

41、到天黑了我們還不忍離開他們。前后兩句為順承關(guān)系，故用and。while句意：在中國(guó)，白領(lǐng)愿意推遲退休年齡而藍(lán)領(lǐng)卻更希望早退休。并列連詞while表示對(duì)比。but句意：一一他修你的蘋果手機(jī)要了你多少錢？一一我不記得了，但錢很多。前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。but句意：我本來(lái)能夠趕上第一個(gè)航班回家的，但我的手表不準(zhǔn)了。前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。and句意：再早幾分鐘你就會(huì)見到那位著名的作家了。他剛離開。本題考查洛詞短語(yǔ)/祈使句+and+陳述句”這一句型。but/yet句意：謝謝您的建議，但這是只有我自己才能解決的事情。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故用but/yet。while句意：我的合

42、伙人想把公司保持在一個(gè)小的規(guī)模，而我卻想擴(kuò)大它的規(guī)模。前后兩個(gè)分句為對(duì)比關(guān)系， 故用while。狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)1as句意：正如一個(gè)單詞可以改變一個(gè)句子的意思一樣，一個(gè)句子也可以改變一個(gè)段落的意思。根據(jù)句意可知 用as。Once/If句意：一旦/如果遭到破壞，要話費(fèi)很多年的時(shí)間才能使農(nóng)田恢復(fù)。根據(jù)句意可知用Once/If。unless句意：天太冷了，你不能出去，除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知用unless。before句意：在能夠解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題之前，我們需要找到它的根源所在。根據(jù)句意可知用before。Although/Though/While 句意：雖然科學(xué)家已經(jīng)了解了很多有關(guān)宇宙

43、的東西，但是還有很多我們不知道的。根 據(jù)句意可知用 Although/Though/While 。Where句意：在他曾經(jīng)想要放棄的地方，他現(xiàn)在有決心進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)并且堅(jiān)持下去了。根據(jù)句意可知用Where。Although/Though/While 句意：雖然這些學(xué)生來(lái)自不同的國(guó)家，但他們?cè)谶@個(gè)夏令營(yíng)中相處得很好。根據(jù)句意 可知用 Although/Though/While 。Although/Though/While 句意：雖然這份工作要花大量的時(shí)間，但是大部分的學(xué)生認(rèn)為這次經(jīng)歷是值得的。根 據(jù)句意可知用 Although/Though/While 。once/if句意：我相信一旦/如果你認(rèn)識(shí)了

44、其他所有人，你會(huì)在這里玩得很開心。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知用once/if。before句意：在你最喜歡的樂(lè)隊(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演之前只剩下一天了。根據(jù)句意可知用before。before句意：如果你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次機(jī)會(huì)的話，那可能要等到多年之后你才能再次獲得機(jī)會(huì)。此處為固定句式it maybe+一段時(shí)間 +before -obefore句意：nice這個(gè)單詞的含義在它最終包含pleasan的含義之前經(jīng)歷了多次變化。根據(jù)句意可知用before ounless句意：除非你全身心地投入到工作中，否則你永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)獲得成功。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù) 句意可知用unless。before句意：那對(duì)年輕的夫婦歸還了我丟失的錢包。我

45、還沒來(lái)得及問(wèn)他們的名字，他們就已經(jīng)走了。根據(jù)語(yǔ) 境可知用before。when句意：半夜，我父親把我叫醒并告訴我來(lái)看足球賽。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示當(dāng)時(shí)候，故用when。since/as/because句意：馬克需要學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，因?yàn)樗墓菊郎?zhǔn)備在北京開一家分公司?？疾樵驙钫Z(yǔ)從句， 故用 since/as/becausabefore句意：在做任何決定之前，你必須學(xué)會(huì)兼顧自己的情感和理智。故填 before。when句意：當(dāng)你們有相似興趣的時(shí)候，交朋友就容易多了。 When當(dāng)（某種條件出現(xiàn)） 時(shí)會(huì)（產(chǎn)生某種狀況）。unless句意：她說(shuō)如果生意還沒有起色的話，就不得不把店關(guān)掉。

46、根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知用unless。since句意：自我從國(guó)外回來(lái)以來(lái)，已聽到不少關(guān)于你的好事情?？崭袂暗木渥邮乾F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，空格后是一般 過(guò)去時(shí)，符合since的用法特點(diǎn)。when句意：我剛到辦公室，妻子就打電話讓我回家。考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，hardly.when 。where句意：為了畢業(yè)典禮，他把一切都放在了他想放的地方。根據(jù) was placed可知其后為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。unless句意：除非從歐盟獲取更多的財(cái)政支持，否則希臘政府很難克服目前的困難。Unless除非。While/Though/Although 句意：雖然我總是感覺我會(huì)通過(guò)考試，但我根本沒想到我會(huì)得 A?？疾樽尣綘钫Z(yǔ)從句，故用 While

47、/Though/Although 。However句意：不管你多么努力，如果不減少食量，想要減肥會(huì)很難。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)空后 副詞hard可知用However。as/when句意：當(dāng)Mary替她醉酒的朋友致歉時(shí)，他禮貌地笑了?？疾闀r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故用as/when。where句意：許多高樓大廈在一年前曾經(jīng)是廢墟的地方拔地而起。Arise是不及物動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，故用 where oas/though句意：盡管晚上很熱，但由于長(zhǎng)途旅行的勞累，我們還是睡得很熟。考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，as, though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子常用形式倒裝。unless句意：書中所有的照片，除非有

48、特別說(shuō)明，都可追溯到20世紀(jì)50年代。unless stated otherwise除非有特別說(shuō)明。as/because句意：教練，我可以繼續(xù)訓(xùn)練嗎？抱歉，不行，因?yàn)槟阆ドw上的傷還沒有恢復(fù)?？疾樵驙钫Z(yǔ)從句，故用 as/becausa狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)2however句意：無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事，無(wú)論你遇到多大的麻煩，都保持微笑和好的心情。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示程度，因此用 however。Unless句意：除非我們彼此合作，否則我們?cè)谶@項(xiàng)研究中不會(huì)有任何突破。though句意：根據(jù)衛(wèi)報(bào)上說(shuō)，酬薪保密制度在美國(guó)職場(chǎng)很普遍，盡管它們經(jīng)常被非法執(zhí)行。even though盡管。until句意：一一人們往往不感激他們所擁有的，是嗎？一一是的，直到失去了它。本題考查從屬連詞。故填until。where句意：在孩子