現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法及綜合練習(xí)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法及綜合練習(xí) 姓名： 班級(jí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞have（has）+ 過(guò)去分詞，1表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過(guò)衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有： already （”已經(jīng)” 用于肯定句的中間和末尾處） never (“從不” 用于中間處) ever （”曾經(jīng)” 用于疑問(wèn)句和肯定句的中間處） just(“剛剛” 用于中間處) yet(“已經(jīng)” 用于疑問(wèn)句的末尾處 / “還” 用于否定句的末尾處)或不加任何的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

2、，但不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去。試比較：The plane has arrived . 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來(lái)了。（說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來(lái)的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去）I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。）I taught here for a ye

3、ar. 我過(guò)去在這兒教過(guò)一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）練習(xí)：I翻譯下列句子：1.你曾經(jīng)吃過(guò)魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎？2.我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。3.我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。4.他已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯了。5.你已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了嗎？6.我哥哥還沒(méi)回來(lái)。7.我上星期看過(guò)這部電影。8.在1992年他住在這里。II 用過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空：1. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.” “When _ you _ (have) it?” “I _ (have) it at 12:00.”2. “_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?” “Ye

4、s, I _. I _ (write) one last week.”3. “_ he _ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”4. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”5. Your father _ just _ (finish) his work.6. Your father _ (finish) his work just now.7. Last term I _ (learn) many English words.8. They _ (not read) the interesting book

5、s yet.9. He _ never _ (go) to the science museum.10. _ you ever _ (drink) coke?11. “_ you _ (buy) a dictionary? “ “Yes, I _ .” “Where _ you _ (buy) it?” “ I _ (buy) it in a bookstore.” “When _ you _ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”Since 和 for 的用法表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for, since, how long, so far, thes

6、e days等。Since+過(guò)去點(diǎn)的時(shí)間，for+一段時(shí)間（數(shù)詞+量詞），此劃線部分用how long提問(wèn)。一、since短語(yǔ)或從句表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時(shí)間為一點(diǎn)。 如：Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以來(lái)，史密斯先生一直在這工作。Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 他上大學(xué)以來(lái)大約學(xué)了五千個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。二、for短語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，for的賓語(yǔ)為時(shí)間段。 如：We have known each other for twen

7、ty years. 我們認(rèn)識(shí)有二十年了。I havent seen her for a long time. 我好久沒(méi)有見到她了。練習(xí)：用since和for填空1) _ two years 2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month 4) _ 19995) _ yesterday 6) _ 4 oclock 7) _ 4 hours 8) _ an hour ago9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time11) _ she left here1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before l

8、ast.2. Ive known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.2.短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)性arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be

9、 there1)He got to Beijing five minutes ago. He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2)I moved to the USA last year. I _ _ _ the USA since _ _.3)I went home yesterday. I _ _ _ home for _ _.4)They came here last week. They _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, return be backcome/go out be out1)He came out two years ago.

10、He _ _ _ for _ _.2)We return to Fuzhou yesterday. We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _.become be1)I became a teacher in 2000. I _ _ a teacher for _ _.2)The river became dirty last year. The river _ _ dirty for _ _.close be closed open be open1)The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _ _ _ for _ _.2)The door o

11、pened at six in the morning. The door _ _ _ for six hours.get up be up die be dead；leave sw. be away from sw.；fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleepfinish/end be over ； marry be married1)I got up two hours ago. I _ _ _ since _ _.2)He left Fuzhou just now. He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.3)My grandpa

12、 died in 2002. My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4)The meeting finished at six. The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5)I got to sleep two hours ago. I _ _ _ since _ _.6)They married in 1990. They _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. do sth.begin be on1)I began to teach at this school in 1995. I _ _ at this school s

13、ince _.2)The film began two minutes ago. The film _ _ _ for _ _.borrow keep ；lose not have；buy have ；put on wear; catch/get a cold have a coldget to know know1)They borrowed it last week. They _ _ it since _ _.2)I bought a pen two hours ago. I _ _ a pen for _ _.3)I got to know him last year. I _ _ h

14、im since _ _.4)I put on my glasses three years ago. I _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to have been in1)He has gone to Beijing. He _ _ _ Beijing for two days.join the league/the Party/the army be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the

15、 army1)He joined the league in 2002.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league for two years.2)My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.3.漢譯英1）這本字典我已買了三年了。2）他離開中國(guó)三年了。3）我認(rèn)識(shí)他們五年了。4）他們已去了美國(guó)五年了。5）自從他搬到福州，

16、他就住這兒了。6）他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年。7）我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。8）這會(huì)已開了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？9）這門已經(jīng)關(guān)了兩天了。10）我入團(tuán)2年了。 I _ _ _ two years ago.I _ _ a _ _ for two years.I _ _ a _ of _ _ for two years.I _ _ _ the _ for two years.11）自從1999年以來(lái)他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。12）我來(lái)到農(nóng)場(chǎng)已5年了。4.劃線提問(wèn)1) I have been there for two days. _ _ _ you _ _ ?2)My father has lived here since 2

17、000. _ _ _ your father _ _?3)He left here yesterday. _ _ he _ _?4)They bought a book two hours ago. _ _ they _ a book?have been in, have been to 與have gone to 的用法一、have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生來(lái)上海已經(jīng)有三天了。此外

18、還有這些搭配have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm ;have been here (there) / abroad二、have(has)been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust, ever, never等連用，例如：I have just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)杭州嗎？have(has)

19、 been to 后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過(guò)某地幾次。例如：I have been to Beijing three times. 我去過(guò)北京三次。They have been to that village several times. 他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。三、have(has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊f(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語(yǔ)。例如：-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. 湯姆在哪里？他到書店去了。Jack Johnson has gone to Lond

20、on. 杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了。練習(xí)：I. 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ neve

21、r _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once. II. 用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各種形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back.4) How long _ have _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6) _

22、 you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo.12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there

23、last year?14) _ they often _ skating in winter?III.翻譯下列句子：1.他已經(jīng)來(lái)中國(guó)三年多了。2.他們出國(guó)兩個(gè)月了。3.我從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。4.你曾經(jīng)出過(guò)國(guó)嗎？5.他已經(jīng)去圖書館了。6.他來(lái)這兒五年了。7.昨天他去了公園。8.“你要去哪里？” “我要去學(xué)校?！?.他常常去游泳。綜合練習(xí): I. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空1.I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2.Jack has _ finished his homewor

24、k _ an hour ago.3.Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4.“Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5.“Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”II. 翻譯下列句子：1.他們已經(jīng)打掃了教室嗎？2.我們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)有二十年了。3.打那以后，她一直住在這。4.“你曾經(jīng)到過(guò)那里嗎？” “不，我從來(lái)沒(méi)到過(guò)那里?！盜II. 用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hon