閱讀專項至第7講筆記10

1、1）一定要仔細看完所有選項Bthe rigid bodieserning the profes2）是比較出來的Cthe stern exam for would-be lawyers相同之處縮范圍，不同之處見真知。Dnon-profesals sharp criticism29 The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive”partly because it_ _2014 Text21 段All around the world, lawyers generate more hostilityn theAbans o

2、utsiders involvementhe profesmembers of any othrofes行業(yè)with thesible exception ofnts have more groundsBkeeps lawyers from holding law-firm sharesjournalism But there are few plawhere cCaggravates the ethical situationhe tradefor complan AmericaDprevents lawyers from gaining due profits2 段During the d

3、ecade before the economic crisis, spending on legal30his text, the author mainly discusses_serviin America grew twice as fast as inflation The best lawyersAflawed 瑕疵 ownership 所有制 of Americas law firms and its causesmade skyscrrs-full of money, tempting ever more students to pileoBthe factorst help

4、make a sucsful lawyer in Americalaw schools But most law graduates never get a big-firm job ManyCa problem 問題 in Americas legal profesand solutions to itof them insteade the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filert makes theDthe role of undergraduate studies in Americas legal educationtort system a costly ni

5、ghtmare3 段There are many reasons for this One is the exsive costs從純粹做題的角度展開：of a legal education There is just one path for a lawyerostAC 的概念出現(xiàn)了差別：一個是公司，一個是行業(yè)。American s es: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subjects, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized

6、 by the American Bar Asso tion and an expensive preparation for the bar exam This leaves todays average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts Law-school debt meansD 說的是學(xué)法律的學(xué)生受到的教育，和公司一樣，在文中都談到了。law firms、lawyer 和 legal education 都是片面的內(nèi)容profes行業(yè)涵蓋了 ABC 所有內(nèi)容1、串2、中心詞tma

7、ny cannot afford to gooernment or non-profit work, andtthey haveto work fearsomely hard4 段Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customersSensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the se-levelABCD 的比較中，要抓主要！中心題選項中不同類型詞匯的做題意義：1、名詞！對象！縮小范圍bodiestern the profeshave been too c

8、onservative to implement2、形容詞定方向不同的形容詞帶來的感them One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it ear r should be al

9、lowed to do so Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third5 段The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business Except he District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm This keepsfee

10、s high and innovation slow There is pre re for change from within彩不一樣，很有可能一個褒義詞，一個貶義詞（及含有感彩的動詞和名詞）2、副詞精確校訂用來修飾形容詞，表達一種程度的深淺2011 Text21 段When Liam McGee departed 離職 as【CEO 的同義改寫】 ofBof America 美洲in August, his explanation warprisinglystraight up Rathern cloaking his exithe usual vague excuses,he came

11、 right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of runningthe profes, but opponents of change among the regulators insisttrea company ” Broadcasting his ambition was “very muy deci,”keng outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the preMcGee says Withwoks, he was talking for thetime wi

12、thto make money rathern serve cnts ethicallythof Hartford Finanl ServiGroup, which named him CEO and6 段In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms wouldchairman on September 292 段McGee says leaving 離開時 without areduce costs and improve servito customers, by encouraging law firmsition 沒有一

13、個位置 linedto use technology and to employ profesal managers to focus onup 準備好的（后置定語） 辭 gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations And McGee isnt alone In recent ksthe No 2 executives at Avon and American Ex

14、press quit with theimproving firms efficiency After all, other countries, such asAustralia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal profesAmerica should followsexplanationt they were looking for a CEOt As boards scrutinizerere, executives who don26 Alot of students take up law as their pro

15、fes Athe growing demand from cntsBthe increasing prere of inflation Cthe prospect of working in big firmsDthe attraction of finanl rewardsdue to _sucplans in response to shareholdt get the nod also may wish to move on A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vagu

16、e pronouncements cloudtheir repuions3 段As the次要信息） begsigns of recovery 經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇（前提到，說明是27 Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education American ses?AHigher tuition fees for undergraduate studiesosto take hold, deputy chiefs 副may be more willingto make the jump without a net 沒有網(wǎng)接著就跳辭職跳槽、

17、辭 hethird quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders 逗號后面的內(nèi)容是和前面的內(nèi)容能夠建立起聯(lián)系的。前面都在談?wù)摻?jīng)理辭職，而第三段到逗號后面才提到。重復(fù)不只是一個單詞、一個句子，還可以是一種表達。重點就是重復(fù)的內(nèi)容。重復(fù)既強調(diào)

18、，強調(diào)即考點。BAdmiss approval from the bar assotionCPursuing a bachelors degree in another majorDReceiving training by profesal assotions28 Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from _Alawyers and cnts strong4 段The decito quit a seniorition to look for a better one來的展望 were largelythough

19、by no means uniformlyglowinglyitiveis unconventional For years executives and headters have adheredScience and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leadingto lives of fulfillment and opportunity for allto the rulet the mostractive CEO candidates are the ones who mustbe poached Says Korn/F

20、erry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I cant2 段Now（等于轉(zhuǎn)折） utopiahas grown unfashionable 不流行think of a single search Ive dhere a board has not instructed me了（的否定的態(tài)度）, as we have gained a deeper appretion of theto look at sitting CEOs”range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike todemic flu and to5 段T

21、hose who jumped without a job（=net） havent always landedclimate change You might even be tempted to amelittle future to look forward tot humanity hasopitions quickly Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana adecade ago, saying she wanted to be a CEO It was a year before she3 段But such gloominess is m

22、isplaced 錯誤的 回歸到樂觀的立場 became head of a tinyernet-based commodities exchange RobertThe fossil record showst many species have endured for millions ofWillumstad left Citigroup in 2005 wimbitions to be a CEO He finallyyearsso why shouldnt we? Take a broader look at our species placetookta major finanl

23、institution three years laterhe universe, and ites cleart we have an excellent chance6 段Many recruiters say the old disgrace 顏面掃地 is fadingforof surviving for tens, if notdreds, of thousands of years Lookup Homo sapiens in the “ Red List ” of threatened species of thetop performers The finanl crisis

24、 has made it more acceptable tobe betn jobs or to leave a bad one “The traditional rule was iternationaion for the Conversation of Nature(),and you wills safer to stay where you are, butts been fundamentally inverted,”read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptabl

25、e, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline ”4 段So what does our deep future hold?未來什么樣？ A growing number of researchers and anisations are now thinking seriously aboutt question For ex le, the Long Now Foundation has its flagshipsays one headte

26、r “The people whove been hurt the worst are thosewhove stayed too long ”26When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be describedas being _ _ _ _A arrogantC self-centeredB frD impulsiveproject a mechanical clockthousands of years hencet is designed to still be marking time27According to

27、 Paragraph 2, senior executives quitting may bespurred by _ _A their expecion of better finanl sus5 段Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy跨度很長 timescales 時間的范圍遙遠的未來【同一個概念使用了不同的單詞的表達】 n about the more immediate future The potential evolution of todays technology, and its so

28、l consequen , isdazzlingly complicated, and its perhaps best left to science fictiontheir need to reflect on their privatheir strained relations with ththeir pursuit of new career goalsifes28_The word “poached” （Line 3, Paragraph 4） most probably means_writers and futurologists to explore the manysi

29、bilities we can_envisage ts one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future6 段But 要關(guān)注 but 是對什么進行轉(zhuǎn)折？不再是說樂觀還是悲觀 take alonger view 看得更長遠展望未來【將不同的單詞轉(zhuǎn)換為同一個表達，就會簡A approved ofB attended toD guarded againstCted for29It can be inferred from the last paragraphA top perform

30、ers used to cling to theirt _ts單?！?and there is a surprising amountt we can say with considerableloyalty of top performers is getting out-datedtop performers care more about repuionsits safer to stick to the traditional rulesWhich of the following is the best title for the text?CEOs: Where to Go?CEO

31、s: All the Way Up?Top Managers Jump without a NetThe Only Way Out for Top Performersarance 明確的 As so often, the past holds the key to the future:we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shathehistory of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecastsabout the situations

32、in which our descendants will find themselves307 段 This longprospects seem more likely to bemakes the pessimistic view of oursing fad 過時對未來還是比較樂觀的，所以能準確地未來。 To be sure, the future is not all rosyBut we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the riskst中心詞 CEO按名詞來縮小范圍，排除 CDTop Managers 和 Top P

33、erformers 是同義改寫中心方法按重要程度的遞減：threatened the existence of earr humans, and to improve the lot ofthose to come31 Our viof the future used to be inspired by _ _1、串：最重要、最常見放之四海而皆準our desire for lives of fulfillmentour faith in science and technologyour awareness of potential risksour bef in equal opportu

34、nity6 段話共同的焦點： 辭。2、中心詞法一旦方法正確，就不難。知識掌握運用名詞同義改寫！t human being are_32 Thes “Red List” suggesta sustained speciesa threaten to the environment12在文章當中出現(xiàn)的同義改寫在選項當中出現(xiàn)的同義改寫the worlds dominanta misplaced raceer注意：中心詞同義替換：這是近年的一個趨勢1、選項中2、文章中 media33Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?Arc

35、helps limit the scope of futurological studiesTechnology offers solutions to sol problemC Theerest in science fiction is on the rise2013 Text31 段Up until a few decades ago, our viD Our immediate future is hard to conceive34 To ensure the future of mind, it is crul to _ _ _s of the future 對于未explore

36、our planets abundant resouradopt an optimistic view of the worlddraw on our experience from the past21heparagraph, Damien Hirst s sale was referred to as “alast victory” because _D curb our ambition to reshhistoryA the art marked witnessed a sucof victoriesat the highest bids35Which of the following

37、 would be the best title for the text?Uncertay 不確定的（和文章內(nèi)容相反） about Our FutureEvolution of the Human Species 人類物種的進化。The Ever-bright 光明的、樂觀的（正面的評價） Prospects 全文中心詞future 的同義改寫 of MindScience, Technology and HumanityB the auctioneer finally got the two pieCBeautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all

38、 mastieD it wacsfully made just before the world finanl crisis22 By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Para 3), the author suggestst _Acollectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsBpeople stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesCart co

39、llection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent作為專業(yè)的考生，先來劃范圍。AC 相反的選項中會有一個正確。應(yīng)試學(xué)角度：正確好設(shè)計、干擾選項難設(shè)計：是圍繞正確設(shè)計出來的。Dworks of art in general had gone out oworth buyingshion so they were not圍繞正確有兩種：編一個相似的內(nèi)容，或者是相反的內(nèi)容?！吧贁?shù)派原則”，往往稱為標新立異。因為沒有讀懂文章的同學(xué)往往按照23 Which of the following sements is NOT true?ASa

40、les of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008來判斷。所以命題者就設(shè)計一個有例外想不到性選項，和正確（標新立異）恰恰相反。BThe art market surpassed many other industriesomentumCThe art market generally went downward in various ways如果一篇文章百轉(zhuǎn)千回，一定要關(guān)注最后一個轉(zhuǎn)折。DSome art dealers were awaiting better chanto come24 The three Ds menti

41、onedhe last paragraph are_（時間）對比本職是轉(zhuǎn)折：Now要靈活處理轉(zhuǎn)折的維度Aauction houses favoritesBcontemporary trendsCfactors promoting artwork circulationDstyles representing Impresists英語二 2010 Text11 段The longest bull run 牛市 in a century of art-market history25 The most appropriate title for this text could be _AFluct

42、uation of Art PriBUp-to-date Art AuctionsCArt Market in Declineended on a dramatic note wisale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, BeautifulInside My Head Forever, at Sothebys in London on September 15th 2008All but two piesold, fetching moren 70m, a record for a saleDShifted1、串線erest in Artsby a single ar

43、tist It was a last victory As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest bs on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers,filed for bruptcy2、找名詞：有且只有 C 選項有 market 且有中心詞 decline2 段 The world art marked already been losing momentum 喪失了動會說 6 大題型中的五大題型：1、中心題2、態(tài)度題3、例證題4、猜詞題5、推理題力 for a while after r

44、ising bewilderingly since 2003 At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firmdouble the figure five years ear r Sincethen it may have come down to $50 billion But the market generateserest farits size because it brings together g

45、reat wealth,enormous egos, greed, pasother industriesand controversy in a way matched by few英語二 2013 Text11 段 In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only t

46、wo employees today,3 段heks and monthst followed MrHirsts sale, spendingof any sort became deeply unfashionable 藝術(shù)品市場很。he artworldt meant collectors stayed away from galleries and saleroomsSales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, andhe most overheated“a man and a dog The man is there to feed the

47、d the dog is theresector，they were down by nearly 90%he year to November 2008 Withinto keep the man away from the machines ” 自動化的到來不斷地代替人類的勞動。ks the worlds two biggest auction houses, Sothebys and Christies, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to cnts who hworks for sale with themlaced2 段 Davi

48、dsons article is one of a number of pieverecently appeared making the pot the reason we have such stubbornly4 段 The current downturnhe art market is the worst sincehigemployment 高失業(yè)率 and declining middle-classes 不斷減少the Japastopped buying Impresists atof 1989 This time的收入 today is largely because of

49、 the big drop in demand because of theexperts reckont priare about 40% down on their peak oage,Great Re技術(shù), but it is also because of the advanin boththough some have been far more fluctuant But Edward Dolman, Christieschief executive, says: “Im pretty confident were at the bottom ”globalization and

50、the information technology revolution, which are moreraly3 段n ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers5 段 What makes this slump=decline different from the last, hehe past 在過去, workers wiverage skills,ng aagesays, ist there are still buyershe market Almost everyhojob，could earn aage life

51、style 不用特別努力，日子也過得下去。 But,waserviewed for this spel report saidt the biggest problemtoday, average is offilly over 正式結(jié)束了！ Being average just wont earn you what it used to 已經(jīng)不能再擁有。 It cant when so many moreat the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sellThe three Dsdeath, debt an

52、d divortill deliver works of art to theve to sell is keng away, waitingemployers have so muore acs to so muore above average cheapmarket But anyho does noforeign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheapgenius Therefore, everyone needs to find their extratheir unique valuefor

53、 confidence to returncontributionemploymentt makes them stand out in whatever is their field ofold-hat; regret creeps in It is far better to spend money on experien,say Ms Dunn and Mr Norton, likeeresting trips, unique meals or even4 段 Yes, new technology has been eating 蠶食掉 jobs forever, andalways

54、will But 不表示轉(zhuǎn)折，表示一種遞進 theres been accelerationgoing to the cinema These purchases oftene more valuable withtimeas stories or memoriesparticularly if they involve feeling more connected to others3 段 This slim volume【book 的同義改寫詞】 is packed with tips to helpwage slaves as well as lottery winners get th

55、e most “happiness bang for加速代替 As Davidson notes, “he 10 years ending in 2009, U Sfactories shed workers so fastt they erased almost all the gains ofthe previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturingjobsabout 6 millionotaldisappeared ”your buck” 怎么花錢能夠給帶來最大的？ It seems most5 段 There

56、will always be changednew jobs, new products, newpeople would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work,serviBut the one thing we know for sure ist with each advancespend more time with friends and family and less of it watchingeviin globalization and the I T revolution, the best jo

57、bs will requireworkers to have more and better education to make themselves above average(something the average American spends a whoptwo months a yearng,and is hardly jolr for it) Buying giftsiving to charity is often平均不能滿足的要求，已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。同義改寫還可以是整個表達的同義改more pleasurablen purchasing things for olf, and l

58、uxuries are寫，要能夠識別出來，這就是閱讀水平的提高。most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly This is apparently thereason MacDonalds restricts the availability of its popular McRiba6 段 In a world where average is offilly over, there are many thingswe need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more im

59、portantmarketing trickobsess turned the pork sandwicho an object ofn passing some kind of G I Bill for the 21st centuryt ensurest every American has acs tot-high school education4 段Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about21 The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate _A t

60、he impact of technological advanB the alleviation of job prereC the shrinkage of textile millsfulfillment, notger需求理論。溫飽后，要關(guān)注成就感。 Money maynot quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generallyhappiern those in poor ones Yet the link betn feeling good andspending money on others ca