工作場所的全隱患與風險分析課件

1、何培松益瑞石集團亞太區(qū)EHS經(jīng)理2008年6月21日工作場所的安全隱患與風險分析徽期珊惕蜂溝邀外僳妒焙輕搶申阻鋸醫(yī)阻設(shè)源傍設(shè)掘爺肩脊拘虎拄苯聲蚊工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Objectives 目標Purpose of doing hazard and risk analysis. 理解進行危險源和風險分析的目的How to evaluate an operations Workplace Hazards and Risk. 掌握如何評估作業(yè)場所的危險源和風險Who should be involved in your analysis. 組建危險和風險分析團隊What

2、 to do with the results. 利用分析結(jié)果進行持續(xù)改進絕竹找木丈萍茶賺嵌垣箔雇焉貸慷睡濱繃贛需抗蔽落刨鐳姑扦味訟靶烙這工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Why Really? 意義It provides a systematic way to analyze the risk in operations in a methodical, proven way. 提供系統(tǒng)可靠的方法分析作業(yè)過程中的風險Risk is provided to management in a prioritized manner, the higher the number of

3、 risk the riskier the task or job will be. 將風險按優(yōu)先級順序排列呈送給管理層，風險等級評分越高，任務(wù)或作業(yè)的風險就越高明御投妮捎如妨急歲橇躺錄論歡矚激什含鏡丸賺巖直牡徐逸喝挺綸蘆棧綏工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Why Really? 意義The process provides to management a picture of the real risk of injury, not what the “gut” tells you it is, or what our employee thinks it is. 這一過

4、程給管理層提供明晰的傷害風險，而不是就事論事的經(jīng)驗或我們員工的主觀想像 It helps you identify the elephants 它可以幫助我們識別風險造成的影響拜笛腮崗偵哆晨豆同秘甥淫鵑品蘸代十寥柄岳置咋莖廖私雌騙嘯銑叼葵訴工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析 Why do Hazard / Risk analysis? 必要性Potentially潛在的Catastrophic災(zāi)難性的缸楚潮型差咀區(qū)郊揣漣編畏鏈疏污秀簍寄承帝茁鞘舶掠話最已逃旭乞膜淌工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Does the activity have a potent

5、ial to harm those performing and those near the activity?活動是否存在對從事活動的人員本身或活動附近人員造成傷害的可能？The element(s) of an activity that has a potential to harm is considered its hazard(s).可能造成傷害的活動的要素被視作危險。I.e.例如： Activity - Spray Painting 活動噴漆Hazards Chemical Exposure (inhalation), Chemical Exposure (skin), Che

6、mical Exposure (eyes), Noise, Fire/ Explosion危險化學品吸入、皮膚接觸化學品、眼睛接觸化學品、噪聲、火災(zāi)/爆炸Definitions 定義頹拱娃馭廉晚崇爆有臍捉恰奠輸慕斤悸亭旅予什丈踐而賣灑樁倘迅鎊壯怒工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Definitions 定義Hazards have 危險具有:RISK possibility of loss or injury.風險造成損失或傷害的可能性Risk have 風險要素:Severity and probability 嚴重性和可能性（概率）舜謗隅鴿腐裙彪薔僵戚典懇狡紳楔筑斯井斃蛆

7、晨非腦啊阮募坤獰型認茨撰工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Definitions 定義Severity 嚴重性:If injury or loss occurs how bad will it be?如果發(fā)生損失或者傷害的情況，情況有多糟糕？Probability 可能性（概率）:The potential frequency of loss or injury occurring, increases with exposure to hazard損失或傷害發(fā)生的潛在頻率蔫償篇奇兔粗父蔗控臀絡(luò)虜思樸孽垣銑藝昆功曾饋卸識蕉攪入跨薦競濘桂工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱

8、患與風險分析Hazard Examples 危險舉例:Chemical Exposure (Inhalation, Skin, Hands, Eyes)Harmful DustNoise ExposureFlying Debris / ObjectsProtruding ObjectsExtreme TemperaturesPoint of Operation (I.e crush, nip)Fall, Trip, SlipStrain / OverexertionElectrical ShockFire / ExplosionLight RadiationFalling ObjectsSha

9、rp ObjectsBiologicalDefinitions 定義化學品接觸（吸入、皮膚、手、眼睛）有害粉塵噪聲曝露飛濺的碎片或物體突出的物體高低溫高空墜落絆倒/滑倒緊張，勞累電擊火災(zāi)/爆炸放射線墜物砸傷接觸尖銳物體生物危險絮膩褒恃入措慨檀叔很巳詢煽付鈞翁薯善寥脹躬懷擯貶彭漢囑屢擦翅仙哆工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Hazard Examples 危險舉例:段接鵬帝畢稚震股判獸羹海籃肪忻烴翁渝淀繡楷辨觀岔嗚巧謗偽附錘添羞工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Electrical Shock電擊隅撕搬葵凡保菌霞攏淌們氈冕韻天鶴撿劫今童波菜艾撣碰嘴被參行俠昔號

10、工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Chemical Exposure Eyes眼睛接觸化學品蘊滔缺仲徽殼較睹硼朱星扭像項睬勘羞龐擂旅制仆贊稻餃削賬切臟惕凱朋工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Flying Debris/ Objects飛濺的碎片或物體洞青舟煮控亞薛誕掏棉韌姑嘗儒肘豬裔尖菜句瞞帕缺黍耪賓鼠衡值蛆暗這工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Engulfment開挖塌方宵釋昭煎所邯忠想該頻匣組隋娘酥白濟止重腋獲唯肅羔每繃賀蟻醉系資豹工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Fall From高空墜落齲暖問埠磋封掙西劇放師二磊恬

11、儀譚纂橢尚椽瞄蕭酥圍拎槍庇閉矣彤痰楞工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Fall From高空墜落苛幟姥脯績篇砒伙氫飛鮮芹凱且馴幻匪板哈胎翠啞祖圖銻瑯佃踐衛(wèi)凹鍺滑工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Trip/Slip絆倒/滑倒產(chǎn)太凍獲掃澤漢揀肄啦閹桿媳酞嘻亢京焰肄怨垮鰓莎毀隔滬械屹凸件帽翅工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Fire/Explosion火災(zāi)/爆炸僳謀磷撞童溪壓熊營郁士爐付字僅蔚慎孩澀遁營殲籬撾鑼磁汲泵堵執(zhí)橋茵工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Struck by Falling Objects墜物砸傷孔瞞半卒斬子辦

12、褪卵顛夏運郁壹耳殘雇火揀棉寺璃柑韭刃艇勾病省鮑這驅(qū)工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Contact With Moving Objects運動物體接觸遭縣樸眼媒爭捧耽娘矯裴間猛邯修侯修洱盂蝶萌寅束蜘涕貪顛品晶暢烘敘工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Other Hazards其它危險勃大童掉棠熒涯倉帽浚詐睡櫥阮扭綏取誘些街深媽纖俐耙仟倦喳利項漚潔工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Other Hazards其它危險駒疽著纏帖闊深戒攣路茅矯胞焰挖千豆漓牧放伺破巢慨憑旬糜雍羹摹塵藩工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Identify

13、 discrete Activities, Products, and Services (APS)識別不同的活動、產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)（APS）Identify Hazards for each APS辨識每個APS的危險Determine Safety Hazards and Risks for each APS判斷每個APS的危險和風險Determine Hazard Significance判斷危險的重要性Develop Objectives and Targets for Significant Risks對重要風險提出目標指標Keep data up-to-date and periodic

14、ally review.數(shù)據(jù)及時進行更新并定期審核Starting Point起點Segregate plant operations into discrete operational/functional areas將工廠的操作劃分成不同的獨立操作/功能區(qū)域Establish/Refine Controls, as necessary如果需要，建立/健全控制措施Hazard/Risk Analysis Flow危險/風險分析流程垃南格間貪朽追羊佛吼琳梧肚鞘似鳥萍手批乞弄驚戎蝎蛆剩秀神金繭或苯工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Identifying Activities a

15、nd Who Should be Involved 識別相關(guān)活動和參與的人員Before you can determine your sites hazards you must know what activities are being conducted at your site.在你判斷場地危險之前，你必須知道在你場地正從事何種活動。Start with a site layout. 從場地平面圖開始Divide the site into operational / functional areas. 將場地劃分為不同的操作/功能區(qū)域。斑嫡慕味祥孔摧村貉擻訟溺靖姜椒天哲訪撾犯菠虜捏

16、呵嘎攔蛙忠鍍飯謅誘工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Excavating 開挖活動Excavating 開挖活動Maintenance維修Processing加工處理Office 辦公室Parking停車場Shipping / Receiving Dock運輸與接收平臺ACME Site Layout ACME場地平面布置藏上絡(luò)蛛繳棉翱瓜左育咽步獸改禍慌調(diào)戴歸痔累躍稻娘躲唬硝疼趴許拋納工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Identify discrete Activities, Products, and Services (APS)識別不同的活動、產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)

17、（APS）Identify Hazards for each APS辨識每個APS的危險Determine Safety Hazards and Risks for each APS判斷每個APS的危險和風險Determine Hazard Significance判斷危險的重要性Develop Objectives and Targets for Significant Risks對重要風險提出目標指標Keep data up-to-date and periodically review.數(shù)據(jù)及時進行更新并定期審核Starting Point起點Segregate plant operat

18、ions into discrete operational/functional areas將工廠的操作劃分成不同的獨立操作/功能區(qū)域Establish/Refine Controls, as necessary如果需要，建立/健全控制措施Hazard/Risk Analysis Flow危險/風險分析流程粉崎朗侯蜜祁寧半扣過七寢團階冤秀澗隔指前漆想免罵螞聰?shù)∑覕P保粹云工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Identifying Activities and Who Should be Involved 識別相關(guān)活動和參與的人員Recruit individuals knowl

19、edgeable of areas. 招納熟諳區(qū)域的人員Manager / Supervisors 經(jīng)理/主管EH&S EHS人員Employees 職員Brainstorm to determine area activities. 運用“頭腦風暴”來辨別區(qū)域活動Consider legacy issues as well as current operational issues (I.e. previous injuries) 考慮遺留問題，業(yè)考慮當前操作中的問題（如以前的工傷事故）撼灤編節(jié)秤僅源紗鈾腳查董甲現(xiàn)佑守管幅婿函漸賴勁佃咽備搔緞笨桿予駝工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患

20、與風險分析Identify discrete Activities, Products, and Services (APS)識別不同的活動、產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)（APS）Identify Hazards for each APS辨識每個APS的危險Determine Safety Hazards and Risks for each APS判斷每個APS的危險和風險Determine Hazard Significance判斷危險的重要性Develop Objectives and Targets for Significant Risks對重要風險提出目標指標Keep data up-to-date

21、 and periodically review.數(shù)據(jù)及時進行更新并定期審核Starting Point起點Segregate plant operations into discrete operational/functional areas將工廠的操作劃分成不同的獨立操作/功能區(qū)域Establish/Refine Controls, as necessary如果需要，建立/健全控制措施Hazard/Risk Analysis Flow危險/風險分析流程像檬檄協(xié)報餾異釘昭椽拙評泥姚岡柴紋棕涪笨坐婁漆史妄遲祈勞化摘婚韻工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析ACME Plant

22、Activity ACME工廠活動旦莫婦旱灼譴沛堵的缸珊雀肺況窄灶次鼎锨紳婁甭佳疇短時絕象霉藻樟吼工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析 Hazard Identification Sheet 危險辨識表敝賜性緒螞逮已物佰擠濾機忠濺躇貝闡薄遣臉侗撮松情咯侈鑼敝劃幕歌巖工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Identify discrete Activities, Products, and Services (APS)識別不同的活動、產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)（APS）Identify Hazards for each APS辨識每個APS的危險Determine Safety H

23、azards and Risks for each APS判斷每個APS的危險和風險Determine Hazard Significance判斷危險的重要性Develop Objectives and Targets for Significant Risks對重要風險提出目標指標Keep data up-to-date and periodically review.數(shù)據(jù)及時進行更新并定期審核Starting Point起點Segregate plant operations into discrete operational/functional areas將工廠的操作劃分成不同的獨立操

24、作/功能區(qū)域Establish/Refine Controls, as necessary如果需要，建立/健全控制措施Hazard/Risk Analysis Flow危險/風險分析流程西增苗猴番埠窖涸罩漱遺推運褪水啄矩伴尼惠迅鋁乳硅愈據(jù)籌拭兌祝表頂工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Prioritizing Hazards / Risk對危險/風險進行排序A process should be used to determine how significant the RISK a hazard can have on workers. 用于判斷某一危險對工作人員造成風險程度

25、的過程 Determine Risk of Hazards判斷危險的風險隆?？煤辆嗥医丝碎W負普寧歇貉塌鵬俗澎鱗邀筑左葛榴碰沙宣貨藐訃存是工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Rating Tool to Facilitate the Process幫助判斷的等級評定工具滇宴宰阿姆頰曝宵似卒祭插惠嫁酪業(yè)階我班怔在俗懾錦胺茹王稠泉鹿郝驅(qū)工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Hazard Risk Tool 危險風險分析工具誰念瞇推秧揩滲聚嫩小霖寬帶叼灰崩藐廁兆男銑涸貍酵潛檻美躬外淘覺唇工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Ranking Procedure

26、/評級程序Review each Hazard and score each hazard individually chosen by team. 審閱每一個危險因素，由組建的團隊成員逐個評分。Transfer the average score on Severity and Probability to the Hazard Risk Tool worksheet.將嚴重性和可能性的平均分輸入到風險分析工具表單。膝紳毅所唇垢揀攬冗含公循劈苑尹刁滁溫滴若妹脅逮霄黃蔗升側(cè)沸霍猩箔工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Identify discrete Activities, P

27、roducts, and Services (APS)識別不同的活動、產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)（APS）Identify Hazards for each APS辨識每個APS的危險Determine Safety Hazards and Risks for each APS判斷每個APS的危險和風險Determine Hazard Significance判斷危險的重要性Develop Objectives and Targets for Significant Risks對重要風險提出目標指標Keep data up-to-date and periodically review.數(shù)據(jù)及時進行更新并定期

28、審核Starting Point起點Segregate plant operations into discrete operational/functional areas將工廠的操作劃分成不同的獨立操作/功能區(qū)域Establish/Refine Controls, as necessary如果需要，建立/健全控制措施Hazard/Risk Analysis Flow危險/風險分析流程顛棗奈狽唬鈍鄖席耕棋俠佳暫三朔齲橙給研浩垣澗衰媽宛笑喝弘廄旭應(yīng)匹工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Set Objectives 設(shè)立目標Set Improvement Objectives t

29、o Lower Risk 設(shè)立改善目標來降低風險 List all of your Significant Hazards/ Risk. (red or yellow ratings) 列出所有重要的危險/風險。（紅色或黃色等級)Evaluate Significant hazards (red or yellow ratings) to determine if changes can be made to process to reduce the risk so that they are no longer Significant. 評估重要危險（紅色或黃色等級），來判斷如果是否可以通

30、過工藝過程改變來降低風險，使其不再成為重要危險。咯過泄筑隴毅飾吃既什援律檸增羔嗽扳氛牧崇慧恒泵董蚌震糖哺褥民兢祥工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Set Objectives 設(shè)立目標Use best possible/ most feasible control 采取盡可能完善和可行的控制措施Get employee participation in developing operational controls. 讓員工參與提出操作控制措施What to do with Hazards that have been determined to have a Signifi

31、cant Risk? Focus on Red or yellow ratings對那些判斷有重要風險的危險該采取什么措施？集中精力于那些紅色或黃色等級的危險熊涵干緞衷導蛙撩翟遇情贖眉捅插葫訊辱幣侶凄姨禱闌堰市吳柵滯慎她煉工作場所的全隱患與風險分析工作場所的全隱患與風險分析Elimination/Substitution- removing or reducing the hazard 消除/替代 移除或者降低危險Engineering Controls workstation design, machine guards, safety controls, isolation of haza

32、rdous areas, monitoring devices, etc. 工程控制 工作站設(shè)計、機械防護、安全控制、危險區(qū)域隔離、監(jiān)測設(shè)施等Administrative Controls - procedures, assessments, inspection, records to monitor and ensure safe practices and environments are maintained. 管理控制程序、評價、檢查、用顯示器記錄、確保維持安全的操作規(guī)范和環(huán)境Training Controls - initial new hire safety orientation, job specific safety training and periodic refresher training. 培訓控制進行新進員工的安全教育、具體作業(yè)安全配許和定期強化培訓Personal Protective Equipment 個人防護裝備Hierarchy of Operational Controls 操作控制的層次優(yōu)