英國議會制辯論基本知識

1、The Debate Format辯論模式Four teams participate in each debate: two on the Proposition and two on the Opposition. Each team works每場辯論由四隊參加：正方兩隊，反方兩隊。independently to either support or oppose the motion. Each team is made up of two speakers; each speaker will各隊獨(dú)立準(zhǔn)備。每隊兩名辯手，每位辯手按如present a speech not to ex

2、ceed 7 minutes in the order prescribed below.下順序陳詞，不超7 分鐘。Summary of the Debate Format辯論模式簡要TeamCommon Titles for SpeakerTime辯手辯手名稱時間1stProposition,1st Speaker“ Prime Minister”7 minutes正方一隊，一辯首相7分鐘1stOpposition,1st Speaker“ Leader of the Opposition”7 minutes反方一隊，一辯反對黨領(lǐng)袖7分鐘1stProposition,2nd Speaker“

3、 Deputy Prime Minister”7 minutes正方一隊，二辯副首相7分鐘1stOpposition,2nd Speaker“ Deputy Leader of the Opposition” 7 minutes反方一隊，二辯反對黨副領(lǐng)袖7分鐘2ndProposition,1st Speaker“ Member for the Government”7 minutes正方二隊，一辯內(nèi)閣成員7分鐘ndOpposition,st“ Member for the Opposition”7 minutes反方二隊，一辯反對黨成員7分鐘21 Speaker2nd Proposition,

4、2nd Speaker“ Government Whip”7 minutes正方二隊，二辯內(nèi)閣黨鞭7分鐘2nd Opposition,2nd Speaker“ Opposition Whip”7 minutes反方二隊，二辯反對黨鞭7分鐘Summary of Speaker Roles and Responsibilities辯手職責(zé)及義務(wù)小結(jié)TeamSpeakerRoles and Responsibilities1.DefineOpening Government“ Prime Minister”2.Build a caseOG （ Upper House）(PM)(Status Quo)

5、3.Arguments(1-2)1.Accept/Challenge Def.OpeningOpposition“ Leader of the Opposition”Rebuttals2.OO （ Upper House）(LO)3.Build another case4.Arguments(1-2)1.Rebut LOOOpening Government“ DeputyPrime Minister”2.Defend OG caseOG （ Upper House）(DPM)3.New arguments(1-2)4.Brief summary of OG .1.Rebut OGOpenin

6、gOpposition“ Deputy Leader of theOpposition”Defend OO case2.OO （ Upper House）(DLO)3.New arguments(1-2)4.Brief summary of OOClosing Government“ Member for the Government1.Rebut OO.”Extend a new caseCG(Lower House)(MG)2.3.New arguments(1-3)ClosingOpposition“ Member for the Opposition1.Rebut CG&OG”Exte

7、nd a new caseCO(Lower House)（MO）2.3.New arguments(1-3)Closing Government“ Government Whip”1.Rebut CO&OO.2.Summary of clashesCG(Lower House)（GW）3.Weigh arguments (NO NEW!)ClosingOpposition“ Opposition Whip”1.Rebut CG&OG2.Summary of clashesCO(Lower House)(OW)3.Weigh arguments(NO NEW!)隊伍辯手正方一隊首相（上議院）反方

8、一隊反對黨領(lǐng)袖（上議院）正方一隊副首相（上議院）正方一隊反對黨副領(lǐng)（上議院）袖正方二隊內(nèi)閣成員（下議院）反方二隊反對黨成員（下議院）正方二隊內(nèi)閣黨鞭（下議院）反方二隊反對黨鞭（下議院）精品文庫職責(zé)與義務(wù)下定義建立觀點模式（通過現(xiàn)狀表現(xiàn)）提論點（ 1-2 個）接受 /質(zhì)疑定義反駁建立另一個觀點模式提論點（ 1-2 個）反駁反對黨領(lǐng)袖捍衛(wèi)本方觀點模式新論點（ 1-2 個）總結(jié)正方一隊觀點反駁正方一隊捍衛(wèi)本方觀點模式新論點（ 1-2 個）總結(jié)反方一對觀點反駁反方一隊延伸新觀點模式新論點（ 1-3 個）反駁正方二隊和正方一隊延伸新觀點模式新論點（ 1-3 個）反駁反方二隊和反方一隊總結(jié)沖突觀點比較 (

9、沒有新觀點！ )反駁正方二隊和正方一隊總結(jié)沖突觀點比較 （沒有新觀點！ ）歡迎下載2精品文庫Parliamentary Points of InformationDebaters may offer a point of information (either verbally or by rising) at any time after the first minute, and before the last minute, of any speech. Thedebater holding the floor may accept or refuse points of informa

10、tion. If accepted, the debater making the request has fifteen seconds present the point of information. During the point of information, the speaking time of the floordebater continues.If accepted, the debater offering the point of information is allowed toask a question, offer a brief argument, or

11、offer a brief refutation of some point. The debater who accepted the point of information should respond to the point immediately.No other parliamentary points such as points of order or points of personal privilege are allowed.Speaker Roles and Speech Purposes議會制辯論質(zhì)詢在所有陳詞中，除第一分鐘及最后一分鐘外，辯手都可以口頭示意或直接

12、起立提出質(zhì)詢。正在發(fā)言的辯手可以接受或拒絕該質(zhì)詢。一旦質(zhì)詢被接受，質(zhì)詢者有 15 秒的時間陳述自己的意見。質(zhì)詢時間將被計算在陳詞時間內(nèi)。如質(zhì)詢被接受，質(zhì)詢者可以提問、提出一個簡要論點或者對某一觀點進(jìn)行簡要反駁。正在發(fā)言的辯手應(yīng)該立即對質(zhì)詢作出回應(yīng)。議會制辯論中只允許質(zhì)詢這一種干預(yù)形式。辯手職責(zé)以及陳詞目的歡迎下載3除正反方最后一名辯手（內(nèi)閣黨鞭和反對黨黨鞭）外，所有的辯手都應(yīng)引入新內(nèi)容。除正方一辯（首相）外，所有辯手都應(yīng)進(jìn)行反駁。精品文庫Each speaker has a role and each speech should have a purpose. The descriptions

13、 of每位辯手在辯論中各司其職，每一次陳詞也各有其目的。下表speaker roles and speech purposes listed below are suggestive and are not intended to be列出了辯手職責(zé)和陳詞目的，但無法窮盡，也非硬性規(guī)定。根據(jù)每exhaustive or exclusive.For reasons that vary from debate to debate, speakers may場辯論的具體情況，辯手可能需要履行下表未提及的職責(zé)，陳詞目sometimes need to fulfillroles not mentione

14、d here and speeches may be constructed to的也可能有所變化，但只要遵循“正方維護(hù)辯題、反方攻擊辯題”serve other purposes as long as proposition speakers affirm the proposition and opposition的規(guī)則即可。裁判將根據(jù)各隊論點的有力程度為各辯手評分，而不speakers oppose it. Debaters will be judged on the overall strength of each team s是簡單地根據(jù)其完成自己職責(zé)的程度評分。以下列出的職責(zé)僅供參 arguments, not simply on whether or not they fulfilled the roles and responsibilities listed考。in the table below.All speakers, except t