2014年最新版Unit-2-Great-minds知識(shí)要點(diǎn)詳解

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)Unit 2 Great minds (1)Date:_ name:_【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】 必記單詞mind n. 聰明的人；富有才智的人 astronomer n. 天文學(xué)家consider v. 認(rèn)為；覺得 sense n. 理解力；判斷力 invitation n. 邀請(qǐng) pleasure n. 樂(lè)事；快事avoid v. 避免；避開 trust v. 信任；信賴 obey v. 服從；遵守 reduce v. 減少；縮小exactly adv. 精確的；準(zhǔn)確的 acti

2、on n.（故事、戲劇等的）情節(jié) ?？级陶Z(yǔ)let.down 使失望 by heart 單憑記憶；能背誦take a seat 坐下 without difficulty 輕而易舉join in 參加；加入 have no idea 絲毫不知道be in trouble 處于困境 play a joke on sb. 和某人開玩笑 課文解析1. Listen to a radio programme about some great minds. mind在此用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“聰明的人；富有才智的人”。 【拓展】mind作名詞，還可表示“頭腦；大腦；智慧；心思”。 常用短語(yǔ)：make up o

3、nes mind 下定決心；change ones mind 改變主意 Have you made up your mind to change your mind? 你下定決心要改變主意了嗎？2. Many people consider Albert Einstein a genius. consider及物動(dòng)詞，意為“認(rèn)為；覺得”。consider sb./sth. (as) sth. 意為“認(rèn)為某人 /某物是”。另外，consider后還可接that從句。 He considers himself a great man. 他認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)了不起的人。 They were consid

4、ered as heroes. 他們被認(rèn)為是英雄。 He considered that we could do the work well. 他認(rèn)為我們能做好這項(xiàng)工作。 Lingling is considered to be the top student. 玲玲被認(rèn)為是優(yōu)秀學(xué)生。 【拓展】consider還可意為“考慮”，相當(dāng)于think about，其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng) 詞-ing形式、從句或“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作賓語(yǔ)。 Youd better consider my suggestion. 你最好考慮一下我的建議。 We are considering going to Hainan

5、 for the Spring Festival. 我們?cè)诳紤]赴海南過(guò)春節(jié)。 He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他從未考慮過(guò)如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。2. This story about him shows that he also had a sense of humour. (1) sense可數(shù)名詞，意為“理解力；判斷力”，通常用單數(shù)。 sense of humour 幽默感； sense of direction 方向感 (2) humour不可數(shù)名詞，意為“幽默”。 I like such stories full of h

6、umour. 我喜歡這些幽默的故事。 【拓展】humorous形容詞，意為“滑稽有趣的；有幽默感的” He has a wide mouth and humorous eyes. 他有一張大大的嘴巴和一雙滑稽的眼睛。3. Einstein often received invitations to explain his theories at different unniversities. (1) receive及物動(dòng)詞，意為“得到，收到”。 I have just received his reply. 我剛剛收到他的回信。 辨析：receive與acceptreceive指客觀上“收到

7、”，也可用來(lái)表示“接待”和“遭受”。accept表示主觀上“接受”某人、“承認(rèn)或贊同”某一看法或理論。一言辨異 He received a gift but he didnt accept it. 他收到了一件禮物，但他沒(méi)有接受。 (2) invitation名詞，意為“請(qǐng)柬；邀請(qǐng)”，后常接to sth.或to do sth. Have you received an invitation to the party? 你收到參加晚會(huì)的請(qǐng)柬了嗎？ My father had an invitation to visit his friend in Beijing. 【拓展】invite動(dòng)詞，意為

8、“邀請(qǐng)”。常見用法有： invite sb. to. 邀請(qǐng)某人去（某地/某一活動(dòng)）We invited Miss Gao to our party. 我們邀請(qǐng)高老師來(lái)參加我們的聚會(huì)。 invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事They have invited me to go to Shanghai with them.他們邀請(qǐng)我和他們一同去上海。4. Its a pleasure to drive a genius like you. pleasure在此用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“樂(lè)事；快事”?！癐ts a pleasure to do sth.”表示 “做某事是一件樂(lè)事”。 I

9、ts a pleasure to meet you. 認(rèn)識(shí)你很高興。 辨析：pleasure，pleasant與pleasedpleasure可數(shù)名詞“樂(lè)事；快事”不可數(shù)名詞“高興；快樂(lè)”，take pleasure in (doing) sth. 意為“從(做)某事中獲得樂(lè)趣”pleasant形容詞“令人愉快的；宜人的”，通常修飾物pleased形容詞“高興的；愉快的”，主語(yǔ)一般是人。be pleased with “對(duì)感到滿意”；be pleased to do sth. “樂(lè)于做某事” Its a pleasure to hear from you. 收到你的來(lái)信很高興。 Reading

10、 brings me great pleasure. 讀書帶給我很大的樂(lè)趣。 What a pleasant trip! 多么令人愉快的旅程?。?The mother were very pleased with her two daughters. 母親對(duì)兩位女兒很滿意。5. I wish I could avoid giving my lecture tonight,Hans,but I dont want to let my audience down. (1) avoid動(dòng)詞，意為“避免，避開”。avoid doing sth. “避免做某事”。另外，avoid 后還可接名詞或代詞作賓

11、語(yǔ)，但不能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。 We got up early to avoid missing the early bus. 我們?cè)缙鸫?，以避免錯(cuò)過(guò)早班車。 She tried to avoid all the problems. 她盡量避開所有的麻煩。 【拓展】在英語(yǔ)中，有些動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。常見 的這類動(dòng)詞有finish,enjoy,mind,avoid,practise,miss,keep,suggest等。 (2) lecture可數(shù)名詞，意為“講座；演講”。give a lecture意為“講課；演講”；attend a lecture意為“聽講座”。 T

12、he scientist gave a lecture to us. 那位科學(xué)家給我們講課了。 Did you attend the lecture on Mark Twain? 你聽了那個(gè)關(guān)于馬克吐溫的講座了嗎？ (3) let sb. down 意為“使/令某人失望” She let us down badly yesterday. 昨天她讓我們大失所望。6. I know what to do. what to do為“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ)?！耙蓡?wèn)詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可在句子中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等成分。 When to start is a proble

13、m. 何時(shí)動(dòng)身是個(gè)難題。 The peasants taught us how to plant rice. 農(nóng)民教我們?cè)鯓臃N稻子。 The question was where to go. 問(wèn)題是去哪里？7. Ive listened to your lecture so many times that Ive learnt it by heart. so.that.意為“如此以至于/以致”，其中so是副詞，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或 副詞。常見結(jié)構(gòu)有： so+形容詞/副詞+that. English is so important that we must learn it well. 英語(yǔ)是如此

14、重要，我們必須學(xué)好它。 so+many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that. I have made so many mistakes that I cant pass the exam. so+much/little(少)+不可數(shù)名詞+that. I have so little money with me that I cant buy anything.8. Now were in trouble. (be) in trouble意為“處于困境；倒霉”。 If he cant finish the work on time, he will be in trouble. Dont laugh

15、 at people in trouble. 【拓展】have trouble with. 在方面有麻煩/問(wèn)題 Maybe you will have trouble with your English, but never give up. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難 I have some trouble in reading her letter. 9. Thats such an easy question that even my driver can answer it. such.that.意為“如此以至于”，與so.that.不同的是

16、，such是形容詞， 用來(lái)修飾名詞。常見結(jié)構(gòu)有： (1)such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that.=so+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that.He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him. =He is so clever a boy that everyone likes him. (2)such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that.These are such difficult maths problems that I cant work them out. (3)such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that.This is s

17、uch hard work that few people can finish it on time.10. one of the cleverest women in the worldone of the cleverest women意為“最聰明的女人之一”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“one of+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，表示“最之一”。Mozart is one of the most famous musicians in the world.11. 四花費(fèi)：spend&pay&take&costspend主語(yǔ)通常是人sb. spend.on sth.sb. spend.(in) d

18、oing sth指花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢pay主語(yǔ)通常是人sb. pays for sth.指人為某物支付金錢take主語(yǔ)通常是itIt takes sb.some time to do sth.指花費(fèi)時(shí)間cost主語(yǔ)通常是物sth. costs (sb.) some money指花費(fèi)金錢 My elder brother spends a lot of money on books every year. Do you usually spend all your free time (in) studying? How much did you pay for the food? It takes

19、 us an hour to practise playing basketball every day. The skirt cost me 30 yuan.12. Ill give you some advice. advice為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“建議；意見”。常用表達(dá)： a/one piece of advice 一條建議；some advice 一些建議 【拓展】advice的常用搭配：give sb. some advice/give some advice to sb. 給某人提一些建議ask for advice 征求意見 follow/take ones advice 接受某人

20、的建議advise動(dòng)詞，意為“建議”，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，也可用 于advise sb. (not) to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“建議某人（不要）做某事”。 She advised us to wait one more day. 她建議我們?cè)俚纫惶臁?3. Why dont you.?=Why not do.?通常用于征求意見、提建議，而不是表示疑問(wèn)， 意為“你（們）為什么不做” Why dont you ask the policeman? =Why not ask the policeman? 【拓展】英語(yǔ)中表示建議的常用句型還有： What/How about.

21、? 怎么樣？ What/How about going fishing? Would you like.? 你想要嗎？ Would you like something to drink? Lets.! 讓我們吧！ Lets play a game! Youd better. 你最好 Youd better stay at home on such a hot day.【能力提升】.英漢互譯。1. 做演講 2. 轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn) 3. 處于困境 4. 肩并肩 5. 去的路上 6. have no idea 7. a series of 8. play a joke on sb. 9. let sb. d

22、own 10. by heart .英英釋義。1. You should cheer up and not let your parent down. A. make your parents happy B. make your parents excited C. make your parents angry D. make your parents disappointed2. People usually make fun of their friends on April Fools Day. A. play jokes on B. have fun with C. play wi

23、th D. tell some jokes to3. We will take part in social practise during the summer vacation. A. join B. join in C. be in D. do4. I avoided him as much as possible. A. keep away from B. put away from C. give away from D. throw away from5. I dont quite catch what you said at the meeting. A. miss B. hea

24、r C. have D. understand.根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示寫出單詞，完成句子。1. My brother is interested in the u . He wants to be an astronomer when he grows up.2. As a student, you should o the school rules.3. Were going to have a party at Dannys house (今晚）4. You look (蒼白的).Whats the matter with you?5. Mr Wang didnt accept our

25、 (邀請(qǐng)）to the meeting.6. We should help those people in (困境).7. He says he has a wonderful sense of h .8. Peter won an a for his wonderful performance in the show.9. Ive listened to your l so many times that Ive leant it by heart.用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1. Confucius is one of the greatest (mind) in the world.

26、 2. I improve my Chinese by (read) lots of books. 3. Alice, you must avoid (make) such mistakes next time.4. He described his travel in South America in a (humour) way.5. The lady refused his (invite) to the dinner party.6. Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture without (difficult).

27、7. He decided (write) poems at the age of 14.8. Its my (please) to help you with the luggage(行李).單項(xiàng)選擇。1. She was _ shocked _ speak. A. so; that B. too; that C. so; to D. too; to2. He has made a decision _ a scientist. A. to become B. becomes C. becoming D. became3. Deming will have _ next month. He

28、is going to go abroad. A. a 8-day-holiday B. a 8 days holiday C. an 8-days holiday D. an 8-day holiday4. Paul is funny. He often plays jokes his classmates. A. at B. to C. for D. on5. If you dont study hard, youll your parents . A. let; down B. write; down C. look; up D. cheer; up6. -I feel a bit hungry now. -Why for dinner with us? A. not you go B. dont you go C. not to go D. dont go7. It is hard work, but well keep until we make it. A. try B. tried