2022歷年全國自考英語詞匯學試題及參考答案

1、4月全國自學考試-英語詞匯學試卷及答案 第一部分 選擇題 .Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%） 1.In Old English there was _ agreement between sound form.（ ） A. more B. little C. less D. gradual 2.Both

2、LDCE and CCELD are _.（ ） A. general dictionaries B. monolingual dictionaries C. both A and B D. neither A and B 3.The word MINISKIRT is _.（ ） A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. none of the above 4.The most important way of vocabulary development in

3、present-day English is _.（ ） A. borrowing B. semantic change C. creation of new words D. all the above 5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become _.（ ） A. generalized B. expanded C. elevated D. degraded 6.Some morphemes have _ as they are r

4、ealized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（ ） A. alternative morphs B. single morphs C. abstract units D. discrete units 7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（ ） A. Italic B. Germanic C. Celtic D. Hellenic 8.Compo

5、unds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _.（ ） A. semantics B. grammar C. phonetics D. lexicology 9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _.（ ） A. repetition B. alliteration C. rhyme D. none of the above 10.Which of the following

6、 words is a functional word?（ ） A. Often B. Never C. Although D. Desk 11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _.（ ） A. semantic unity B. structural stability C. idiomatic variation D. figure of speech 12.The advantage of classifying idioms ac

7、cording to grammatical functions is to _.（ ） A. use idioms correctly and appropriately B. understand idioms correctly C. remember idioms quickly D. try a new method of classification 13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _.（ ） A. long（not short） B. ball（a dancing part

8、y） C. rock（rocknroll） D. ad（advertisement） 14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _.（ ） A. the influx of borrowing B. repetition C. analogy D. shortening 15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（ ） A. Words and phrases. B. S

9、entences C. Text or passage D. Time and place 第二部分 非選擇題 .Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%） 16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and _. 17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150i

10、s called _. 18.CCELD is a _ dictionary. 19.In the phrase the mouth of the river,the word mouth is _ motivated. 20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is _ context. .Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)types of meaning changes; 2

11、)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context.（10%） A B 21.Scandinavian（ ） A.mill（place where things are made） 22.Germanic（ ） B.grammatical 23.extension（ ） C.double meaning 24.narrowing（ ） D.Swedish 25.linguistic（ ） E.comprehend/understand 26.ambiguity（ ） F.Dutch 27.participants（ ）

12、 G.degermined 28.difference in denotation（ ） H.pigheaded 29.appreciative（ ） I.non-linguistic 30.pejorative（ ） J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes） .Study the following words or expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2）types of word formation or prefixes.（10%） 31.predic

13、t（ ） 32.motel（ ） 33.potatoes（ ） 34.blueprint（ ） 35.preliminaries（ ） 36.Southward（ ） 37.demilitarize（ ） 38.hypersensityve（ ） 39.retell（ ） 40.multi-purposes（ ） .Define the following terms.（10%） 41.acronymy 42.native words 43.elevation 44.stylistic meaning 45.monolingral dictionary .Answer the followin

14、g questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%） 46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type. 47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points. 48.What are the clues generally pro

15、vided in verbal context? .Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%） 49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly 50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract a

16、nd explain its origin and the effect of using this form.Well, its the old story of the stitch in time, he said. 答案 4月份高等教育自學考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試 英語詞匯學試題參照答案 .(30%) 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D .(10%) 16.transfer 17.OLD English 18.monolingual 19.semantically 20.extralinguis

17、tic/non-linguistic .(10%) 21.D 22.F 23.A 24.J 25.B 26.C 27.I 28.E 29.G 30.H .(10%) 31.bound root 32.（head+tail）blinding 33.inflectional affix/morpheme 34.a+n 35.full conversion 36.suffix 37.reversativ 38.prefix of degree 39.prefix 40.number prefix .(10%) 41.The process of forming new words by joinin

18、g the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms. 42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5th century by the Germanic tribes. 43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.

19、 44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context. 45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language. .(12%) 46.There are four types of motivation: 1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak,

20、 quack, etc. 2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc. 3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc. 4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc. 47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of wo

21、rds; coincidence with idiomatic expressions. 48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure. .(18%) 49. 1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection（re+collect+ion）,nationalist（nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth

22、+ly）. 2）Of the nine morphemes, only collect,nation and earth are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves. 3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words. 50. 1）the stitch in time - a stitch in time saves nine（3分） 2）proverbs are concise, forcibl

23、e and thought-provoking（1分） 3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分） 4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分） 5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）4月份全國高等教育自學考試英語詞匯學試題及答案英語（本科）專業(yè)第一部分 選擇題I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that w

24、ould best complete the statementand put the letter in the bracket（30）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example A. lewd ignorantB. silly foolishC. last pleasureD. knave boy2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the

25、 above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _. A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that

26、 of another associated with it is rhetorically called _. A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _. A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6. Grammatical context refers to _ in which a word is used. A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patter

27、nD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom in good feather, we change good into high, full without changing meaning.This change of constituent is known as _ . A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD. variation8. The word laconic is _. A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. se

28、mantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _. A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _ words. A. 30,0

29、00 to 40,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 70,000 to 80,000D. 80,000 to 90,00012. _ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _ in the Middle English period. A. Dutch origi

30、nB. Danish originC. Latin originD. Greek origin14. A word is a symbol that _ . A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD.shows different ideas in different sounds15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable

31、 because they _. A. are complex words.B. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in life.D. denote the most important concepts.第二部分 非選擇題II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10）16. The same idiom may show _ differences when it

32、 is used in different meanings including affective meaning.17. LDCE is a _ dictionary.18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _.19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _.20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _.III. Match the wo

33、rds or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types ofmeaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms（10）A B21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated24. a

34、lliteration ( ) D. head of a state25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respond26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)28. narrowing ( ) H. thing (any object or event)29. extension ( ) I. part of speech30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a di

35、shonest person)IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of wordformations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10）31. heart and soul ( )32. fathermale parent ( )33. motherfemale parent ( )34. city-bred ( )35. lip-reading

36、 to lip-read ( )36. headache ( )37. antecedent ( )38. preview ( )39. receive ( )40. called ( )V. Define the following terms（10）41. specialized dictionary42. collocative meaning43. transfer44. morpheme45. old EnglishVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your

37、 answers in the space given below.（12）46.Whats the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation? Illustrate your points.47. What is dismembering?48. What is collocative meaning? Give one example to illustrate your point.VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in t

38、he space given below.（18）49. The pen is mightier than the sword.Explain what pen and sword mean respectively using the theory of motivation.50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention to the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explainwhy and then improve the sentence.

39、(100 words)The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.英語詞匯學試題參照答案第一部分 選擇題IEach of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statementand put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. B2. D3. A4. B5. A6. D7. B8. D9. D10. B11. B12.

40、C13. A14. B15. C第二部分 非選擇題II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. stylistic17.monolingual18.semantic opposition19. degradation 或 ductivity and collocabilityIII. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B acco

41、rding to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types ofmeaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)21. I22. C23. F24. B25. E26. D27. J28. G29. H30. AIV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of wordformation；3）types of meaning

42、and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%)31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature32. conceptual meaning33. conceptual meaning34. n+v-ed35. backformation36. n+v37. bound root38. prefix39. bound root40. inflectional affix/morphemeV. Define the following terms.(10%)41. Specialized dictionary refers to

43、 a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (內容1.5分；語言0.5分)42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (內容1.5分；語言0.5分)43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to

44、mean something else have experienced the process ofsemantic transfer.44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46. 要點： Ra

45、diation Concatenationi) primary meaning i) first senseii）次要意義由重要意義輻射 ii）由此意義持續(xù)轉換；特點為鏈接iii）名詞語義互不依賴 iii）最后意義與第一意義失去聯系旳跡象47. 要點：（1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分）（2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分）（3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分）注：語言扣分不得超過1分（語法扣1分，拼寫扣0.5分）48. Collocative m

46、eaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of theword-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in discussion. For example, pretty and handsome share theconceptual meaning of good looking, but are distinguished by the range of no

47、uns they collocate with:pretty handsomeVII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%)49. 答案要點1）Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.（2分）2）Semantic motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, exp

48、lains the connection between the literal sense andfigurative sense of the word.(3分)3）In this sentence, pen reminds one of the tool to write with, thus suggesting writing; sword reminds one of the weapon tofight with, thus suggesting war.(4分)50.要點：（1）it is ambiguous（2分）（2）ambiguity caused by the stru

49、cture（2分）（3）stop drinking can be understood as1）police stop drinking by themselves (1分 )2）police stop people drinking (1分)（4）improvement（3分）1）The police were ordered to stop people drinking about midnight.2）The police were ordered to stop drinking by themselves about midnight.4月全國自學考試-英語詞匯學試卷 第一部分 選

50、擇題 . Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1. According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into _. A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all

51、the above 2. Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example: A. ad for advertisement B. dish for food C. fond for affectionate D. an editorial for an editorial article 3. It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over_.

52、A. the readers interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writers mten6on D. the etymology of the word 4 .Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5. Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of E

53、nglish Etymology B. Chambers Encyclopedi C English Dictionary D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7. The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form _ A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8. Smith is an

54、architect. He designed World Trade Centre. The clue provided in the context is_. A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponymy 9. The term vocabulary is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that_. A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to

55、 the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in a given dialect or field 10. The idiom a dark horse is a_. A. simile B. metaphor C. metonymy D. personification 11. An idiom differs from a free phrase in t

56、hat the former is _ and the latter is not. A. structurally changeable B. semantically analysable C. structurally fixed D. easily understood 12. We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to_. A. morphological strucmre B. relevant details C. grammatical structure D. physical

57、 context 13. What causes the ambiguity of the sentence I like Mary better than Janet? A. Vocabulary. B. Situation. C. Structure. D. None of the above. 14. Early Modem English refers to the language spoken_. A. from 1066 to 1500 B. from 1150 to 1500 C. from 1500 to 1700 D. from 1600 to 1800 15. Affix

58、es added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as A. bound roots B. free morphemes C. inflectional morphemes D. derivational affixes . Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%) 16. _ meaning refers to the part

59、 of speech, tenses of verbs, etc. 17. The word _has the old meaning servant and the elevated meaning head of a ministry, . 18. The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or_. 19. When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it creates_ 20. Almost ,all affixes are _

60、morphemes because few can be used as independent words. III. Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)rhetorical features of the idioms; 2)sense relations; 3)assimilation degree; 4)characteristics of the basic word stock and 5)mofivafion .(10 %) A B 21. reiteration ( ) A. hi