新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)(第一部分)第一章(第一節(jié))標(biāo)題的語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)課件

1、 第一部分 文體概述 第一章 標(biāo)題語(yǔ)言 第一節(jié) 標(biāo)題的語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn) 第二節(jié) 標(biāo)題的措詞特點(diǎn) 第一節(jié) 標(biāo)題的語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn) 1. 省略現(xiàn)象(1) 冠詞基本省略 (The) US Role in (a) New World 美國(guó)在新世界中的角色 (這是作者針對(duì)美國(guó)推翻塔利班政權(quán)后 角色重新定位而寫(xiě)的一篇評(píng)論標(biāo)題。) (A) Lightening Kills Golfer 高爾夫球手遭雷電身亡 Video Shows (the) Beheading of American Hostage 錄像顯示美國(guó)人質(zhì)被斬首 (The) Worlds First Mechanical Heart Implanted 世界第

2、一例人工心臟移植成功 37 Killed in (an) Italian Plane Crash 意一飛機(jī)墜毀三十七人遇難（2）逗號(hào)代替連詞Chinas Oldest, Longest Bridge Found in Xian (Chinas Oldest and Longest Bridge Found in Xian)Laurel, Aquino Cut Ties (Laurel and Aquino Cut Ties) US, Vietnam Resume Talk(US and Vietnam Resume Talks)美越恢復(fù)會(huì)談Radio, TV Coverage Widening

3、( = Radio and TV Coverage (is) Widening)廣播和電視覆蓋率正在擴(kuò)大Gunfire, Explosions Rock Mumbai Hotel ( = Gunfire and Explosions Rock (a) Mumbai Hotel） 孟買(mǎi)一家酒店遭炮火炸彈襲擊（3) 省略人稱(chēng)代詞 Mother, Daughter Share Fulbright Year(=A Mother and Her Daughter Share a Fulbright) (Fulbright富布萊特法案基金) China Launches First Manned Spac

4、ecraft (=China Launches Its First Manned Spacecraft) 中國(guó)第一次發(fā)射載人飛船（4）省略聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞Gates Still Worlds Richest(=Gates (is) Still (the) Worlds Richest)蓋茨仍為世界首富Three Dead After Inhaling Oven Gas (=Three Are Dead After Inhaling Oven Gas)吸入爐灶煤氣三人窒息身亡Clinton Inauguration Most Expensive Ever(=Clinton Inauguration (I

5、s) Most Expensive Ever)克氏就職典禮花費(fèi)空前巨大 （5）省略助動(dòng)詞Forecast of Mexican Quake Accurate, ButIgnored【= Forecast of Mexican Quake (is) Accurate, But (is) Ignored】雖準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)到墨西哥地震但卻未得到重視Financier Killed By Burglars 【=A Financier (Is) Killed By Burglars 】 毛賊入室金融家遇害 US Shocked By Worst Attack Since Pearl Harbor 【= (Th

6、e) US (IS) Shocked By (the) Worst Attack Since (the) Pearl Harbor (Incident) 】美國(guó)為自珍珠港事件后遭受到最嚴(yán)重的襲擊而震驚 Pope To Visit Japan In February【= Pope (Is) To Visit Japan In February】 教皇擬于二月訪日 India Mending Fences【= India Is Mending Fences】 印度正在改善與鄰國(guó)的關(guān)系 2. 時(shí)態(tài)表述 英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題中常用的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)主要有 三種“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn) 行時(shí)： （1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

7、通常用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事Greece Wins Euro Championship希臘贏的歐洲冠軍Russian Leader Meets Fidel Castro In Cuba卡斯特羅在古巴會(huì)見(jiàn)俄羅斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人Gunfire, Explosions Rock Mumbai Hotel 孟買(mǎi)一家酒店遭炮火炸彈襲擊 Comeback Gives China a Sensational Thomas Cup Win 中國(guó)隊(duì)反敗為勝榮獲湯姆斯杯 注意：當(dāng)標(biāo)題中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用 過(guò)去時(shí)。Unemployment in U.K. Increased in October 十月份英國(guó)失業(yè)率上升(2)

8、動(dòng)詞的將來(lái)時(shí)更多地用動(dòng)詞不定式表達(dá)China First Moon Probe to Blast Off in 2006中國(guó)擬在2006年發(fā)射探月飛船Russian Defense Minister to Visit China俄羅斯國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)擬防華India, Pakistan to Resume Border Talk印度、巴基斯坦擬重開(kāi)邊界談判(3) 現(xiàn)在分詞直接表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或事件D.TV Coverage Widening數(shù)字電視覆蓋面在拓寬IT Sector Growing Fast信息技術(shù)行業(yè)增長(zhǎng)迅速BBC Considering Starting Global Televis

9、ion Service英國(guó)廣播公司正在考慮開(kāi)展全球電視業(yè)務(wù) Deposits, Loans Rising In Shanghai 上海儲(chǔ)蓄與貸款額見(jiàn)升 3. 語(yǔ)態(tài)形式 英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題中的動(dòng)詞表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)“be+過(guò)去分詞”形式 中的助詞“be”，通常被省略，也經(jīng)常不 用“by”來(lái)引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，剩下的過(guò) 去分詞在標(biāo)題里就可直接表示被動(dòng)意 義。讀者切忌將之誤解為該動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 Girl of 18 Raped after Threat with Bread Knife餐刀威脅下,18歲少女遭強(qiáng)暴Van Goghs Recovered after Theft 樊高名畫(huà),竊而復(fù)得Fa

10、ther Jailed for Murder of Daughter 謀殺親生女兒，父親鋃鐺入獄 4. 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)在標(biāo)題中的運(yùn)用 (1)用逗號(hào)代替“and”, 這樣可省略篇幅。 Chinas Oldest, Longest Bridge Found in Xian Laurel, Aquino Cut Ties (2)破折號(hào)常被放置在不用引號(hào)的引言前 后，以引出說(shuō)話者 U.S. Marines Whereabouts Unknown Lebanese Family 被劫人質(zhì)家屬曾，美國(guó)海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)員下 落不明 Economy Grows Slowly As Unemployment, Inflat

11、ion Rise Economists(= Economists say that the Economy Grows Slowly As Unemployment and Inflation Rise )經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為：失業(yè)率及通貨膨脹加劇使得經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)緩慢 (3)冒號(hào)除了用在引語(yǔ)之前表示“說(shuō)”外，還 經(jīng)常被用來(lái)代替聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞“be”。 Study: African Oil Boom Presents ChallengesSource: Missing Marines Tells FamilyHes SafeU.N.: 2001 Temperature to Be HighShanghai：Res

12、plendent Pearl of New China(= Shanghai Is Resplendent Pearl of New China） 上海：新中國(guó)的璀璨明珠 PracticeAdd the missing word(s) to each of the headlines below and translate the headlines into Chinese.1. Global Poll: Fashion Models “Too Thin” = A Global Poll: Fashion Models Are “Too Thin”2. What Declining Regi

13、stration Rate for Post-Grad Exam Mean? = What Does the Declining Registration Rate for the Post-Grad Exam Mean?3. 3in 10 Mid-Life Couples Abandon Sex for Stress from Life =3in 10 Mid-Life Couples Abandon Their Sex for the Stress from Life4. Bushs Approval Rating Plunges to New Low = Bushs Approval R

14、ating Plunges to a New Low5. Great Wall at Top of “Worlds New Seven Wonders” = The Great Wall Is at the Top of the “Worlds New Seven Wonders”6. Both Ends of Films to Be Shorthanded = Both Ends of Films Are to Be Shorthanded7. Police Rush to Shut Down Performance by Underdressed Actresses = The Polic

15、e Rush to Shut Down the Performance by the Underdressed Actresses8. Lots of Fruit in Childhood Cuts Adult Cancer Risk = Lots of Fruit in Ones Childhood Cuts an Adult Cancer Risk9. US, Russia Warned of Repeat of Cold War = The US and Russia Are Warned of a Repeat of the Cold War10. Chinese Stocks Sin

16、k to Record Low amid Growing Inflation Concerns = The Chinese Stocks Sink to a Record Low amid the Growing Inflation ConcernsAnswers to Task OneI. 1. higher earnings 2. increase spending 3. Two hundred million 4. two hundred twenty-five thousand million 5. near their home country 6. brain drainII. 1

17、. A 2. C 3. AAnswers to Task TwoI. 1. General Motors 2. Announced; lower its costs 3. This week 4. a) reduce; North America; thirty thousand b) close; twelveII. a, c, d, f, g, hKeys to Task ThreeNews Item 68. A 9. DNews Item 710. CNews Item 811. B 12. A 13. BNews Item 914. DNews Item 1015. D 16. ASynonyms (同義詞) blast v. 抨擊 attack, rail, whip hopeful n. (1) 有希望成功的人 (2) 希望獲得成功的人 aspirant, candidate, seeker strategy n.策略,計(jì)謀;對(duì)策 approach, method, scheme, procedure surge v.激增；飆升 burst, increase, upsurge animosi