（新高考）2022屆高考考前沖刺卷（一）-英語

1、（新高考）此卷只裝訂不密封班級 姓名 準(zhǔn)考證號(hào) 考場號(hào) 座位號(hào) 2022屆高考考前沖刺卷英語（一）注意事項(xiàng)：1答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第卷（選擇題）第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短

2、文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALondon Tour and Attraction Pass TicketsTickets to AttractionsWith this London Attraction Pass, you can benefit from our sightseeing bus tour plus three top London attractionsMadame Tussauds, London Eye and Sea Life London. The best part is that you dont need

3、 to visit all three attractions in one day. Once you have bought your London attractions ticket package, you have 30 days to visit each attraction so you can spread visits out across your trip.GallerySo many amazing galleries in London! There are plenty of photo opportunities with the London Tour an

4、d Attraction Pass. With so many things to do, youll have lots of pictures to share with families and friends.Plan Your VisitWith our London 72 hour Bus Ticket, you will be able to get to one attraction per day with ease. Your tickets are valid for entry within 30 days after you have bought them and

5、you can use them before, after or on the same day as your bus tour.LocationMadame Tussauds: Marylebone, next to Baker StreetLondon Eye: SouthbankSea Life London: SouthbankOpening TimesMadame Tussauds: Times vary between 9 am6 pmLondon Eye: Times vary between 10 am9:30 pmSea Life London: Opening time

6、s vary between 9:30 am7 pmAccessibilityMadame Tussauds: Wheelchair friendly but book your seat in advance.London Eye: Only two wheelchairs per capsule and a maximum of 8 at any one time. You must book a disabled seat in advance.Sea Life London. Full wheelchairs are accessible.1. How long can London

7、attractions ticket package be used?A. 30 days.B. 72 hours.C. 1 week.D. 24 hours.2. What can you share with your family after visiting galleries?A. Artworks.B. Books.C. Paintings.D. Photos.3. What should the disabled do when visiting London Eye?A. Visit London Eye after 10 pm.B. Book a disabled seat

8、in advance.C. Buy a London 72 hour Bus Ticket.D. Reach Marylebone as early as possible.【答案】1-3 ADB【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦旅游景點(diǎn)卡，有了這張倫敦景點(diǎn)卡，游客就可以享受觀光巴士之旅，以及三個(gè)倫敦頂級景點(diǎn)杜莎夫人蠟像館、倫敦眼和倫敦海洋生物館。1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一部分“Tickets to Attractions”最后一句內(nèi)容“Once you have bought your London attractions ticket package, you have 30

9、days to visit each attraction so you can spread visits out across your trip.”可知，游客一旦購買了景點(diǎn)的套票，就有30天的時(shí)間參觀每個(gè)景點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二部分“Gallery”內(nèi)容“So many amazing galleries in London! There are plenty of photo opportunities with the London Tour and Attraction Pass. With so many things to do, youll have l

10、ots of pictures to share with families and friends.(倫敦有這么多令人驚嘆的畫廊！在倫敦旅游和景點(diǎn)通行證上有很多拍照的機(jī)會(huì)。有這么多的事情要做，你會(huì)有很多照片與家人和朋友分享。)”可知，藝術(shù)館之旅結(jié)束后，旅游者可以與家人、朋友分享照片。故選D項(xiàng)。3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一部分“Accessibility”內(nèi)容“London Eye: Only two wheelchairs per capsule and a maximum of 8 at any one time. You must book a disabled seat in ad

11、vance.(倫敦眼：每個(gè)太空艙只有兩個(gè)輪椅，每次最多8個(gè)。你必須預(yù)先為殘疾人預(yù)訂座位。)”可知，殘疾人員去倫敦眼玩的時(shí)候，要提前預(yù)訂殘疾人士的座位。故選B項(xiàng)。BNew YorkA truck struck a 56-year-old woman riding a Citi Bike through Midtown Thursday morning, and officers Dimitri Coutsouvelis and Thomas Demery came to her rescue, officials said.Two counter-terrorism policemen on S

12、ixth Ave. near W. 47th St. spotted the white truck dragging the Citi Bike about 9:30 a. m. moments after it struck the woman, who was found lying on the street with an injured right leg, frightened witnesses said.“She was just lying there in a lot of pain,” said Stanford Dawson, 57, who sells goods

13、on the comer of Sixth Ave. and 48th St. “You could see her leg was turned back and the knee bones were sticking out through the skin.One of the policemen ran after the truck and forced it to stop while the other tended to the woman.“The driver acted a little confused about what happened,” said Polic

14、e Officer Thomas Demery, who ran to stop the truck after hearing the “sound of the bike being dragged.”“The woman suffered a deep gash on her leg from her knee to her hip,” said the policeman. “I kept telling her not to look at it, that its going to be fine. I kept comforting her.”The ambulance rush

15、ed her to Bellevue Hospital in stable condition. The driver of the truck remained at the scene, policemen said. No charges were immediately filed.“I cant tell you how proud I am of the work that the Critical Response Team does each and every day protecting New York City. Generally, people think they

16、 always face danger all day and sometimes they shall feel bored in the street,” said Counter-terrorism Chief James Waters. “They always perform admirably, including today.”“It feels really good to be a part of helping fellow New Yorkers. Thats what we guys want to express most,” Demery said.Cars hav

17、e struck and killed many bicyclists so far this year, and the reported number of deaths is a 21 % increase compared to the 13 killed during the same time last year.4. Which is right about the truck driver?A. His over-speeding made the accident happen.B. He kept driving, not knowing the accident.C. H

18、e was arrested shortly after the accident.D. He had his leg hurt in the accident.5. Who ran to take care of the injured woman?A. Thomas Demery.B. James Waters.C. Stanford Dawson.D. Dimitri Coutsouvelis.6. What do the policemen think of their work on the street?A. Rewarding.B. Boring.C. Acceptable.D.

19、 Dangerous.7. What can be inferred about the woman?A. She was struck by a truck.B. She was badly injured in the foot.C. She was lucky to get timely help.D. She was unconscious in hospital.【答案】4-7 BDAC【解析】文章講述了兩名紐約警察在街上幫助被貨車撞傷的婦女的故事，他們表示能保護(hù)別人感到很自豪。4. 細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)“One of the policemen ran after the truck

20、and forced it to stop和“The driver acted a little confused about what happened,”可知貨車司機(jī)只顧開車，根本不知道發(fā)生了事故。故選B.5. 細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)“officers Dimitri Coutsouvelis and Thomas Demery came to her rescue”可知參加救助的兩名警察，根據(jù)“One of the policemen ran after the truck and forced it to stop while the other tended to the woman.”和

21、“Police Officer Thomas Demery, who ran to stop the truck.”可知Thomas Demery去攔住貨車司機(jī)，Dimitri Coutsouvelis照顧受傷的婦女。故選D.6. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)“I cant tell you how proud I am of the work that the Critical Response Team does each and every day protecting New York City.”和“It feels really good to be a part of helping fel

22、low New Yorkers.”可知警察認(rèn)為能夠每天保護(hù)市民很自豪是值得的，故選A.7. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)“while the other tended to the woman. “I kept telling her not to look at it, that its going to be fine. I kept comforting her.”和“The ambulance rushed her to Bellevue Hospital in stable condition.”可知這個(gè)婦女很幸運(yùn)，及時(shí)得到了警察的救助并馬上送到醫(yī)院，傷情穩(wěn)定。故選C.CRemember whe

23、n your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be more salutary to your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another exc

24、use to eat chocolate.Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in c

25、hocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight aga

26、inst bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉質(zhì)), and protects against tooth decay.Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective eff

27、ect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar cont

28、ent, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.8. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?A. Beneficial.B. Harmful.C. Familiar.D. Useless.9. What can we know about t

29、he compound CBH in chocolate?A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.10. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?A. By breaking down acids.B. By building

30、 up compounds.C. By fixing up tooth enamel.D. By fighting against bacteria.11. Whats the main idea of the text?A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets

31、.【答案】8-11 ACDB【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了巧克力能有效防止蛀牙的原理。8. 詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Remember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)?(還記得你媽媽告訴你不要吃太多的糖塊或糖果，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)蛀牙嗎？)”及第三句“Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as

32、if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.(最近的研究表明，巧克力可以有效地防止蛀牙，就好像我們需要另一個(gè)吃巧克力的借口一樣)”可知，巧克力對牙齒的保護(hù)作用主要?dú)w因于其本身含有的復(fù)合物，這就如同很多家庭使用的牙膏中所含有的護(hù)齒成分。由此推知，劃線詞salutary為“有益的”之意。故選A。9. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉質(zhì)), and protects against tooth decay.(尤其

33、是CBH化合物還可以加強(qiáng)牙釉質(zhì)，防止蛀牙)”可推斷，巧克力含有的一種復(fù)合物甚至比牙膏中的氟化物的護(hù)齒效果要好。故選C。10. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三句“The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth.(然而，巧克力中的化合物是抗菌的，可以對抗口腔中的細(xì)菌)”可知，巧克力對抗蛀牙的原理主要是其含有的復(fù)合物能夠?qū)箍谇恢械募?xì)菌。故選D。11. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文，特別是文章第一段“Recent studies show that choc

34、olate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.(最近的研究表明，巧克力可以有效地防止蛀牙，就好像我們需要另一個(gè)吃巧克力的借口一樣)”及最后一段可知，文章主要介紹了巧克力有效防止蛀牙的原理，文中并未提到巧克力可代替牙膏等觀點(diǎn)。故選B。DIn Judgement Day, one of the hit film series Terminator, a cyborg(生化人) played by Schwarzenegger could heal his

35、skin wound magically, that is, he makes the skin repair itself in less than a second. Recently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans.Previous attempts to “electronically” copy human skin have fallen short. Makin

36、g suitably flexible electronics that can perform delicate tasks while also enduring the bumps and scrapes of everyday life is challenging, and each material involved must be carefully engineered. The previous sensor layer was too weak or too strong, reducing its durability, sensitivity or flexibilit

37、y, which makes it more likely to break.With the development of 2D sensors and hydrogel(水凝膠), scientists efforts paid off, linking sensor layer with skin functionally and durably. Study author Dr Jie Shen said, “Hydrogels are more than 70 percent water, making them very compatible(相容的) with human ski

38、n tissues. By prestretching the hydrogel in all directions, applying a layer of nano(納米) wires, and then carefully controlling its release, we created conductive pathways to the sensor layer that remained complete even when the material was stretched to 28 times its original size. Meanwhile, skin el

39、ectronics kept changing at a spectacular pace.”This e-skin can sense temperature and touch from up to 8 inches away, react to things in under one tenth of a second and repair itself more than 5,000 times. The new invention could help monitor a range of biological information, including changes in bl

40、ood pressure. While the first port of call is medical, the e-skin could benefit a wide range of products one day, such as monitoring the structural condition of furniture and planes.12. Why is a cyborg in Judgement Day mentioned in Paragraph l?A. To introduce the topic.B. To inform the background.C.

41、 To advertise the hit film.D. To recommend Schwarzenegger.13. What made the previous attempts fall short?A. The delicate tasks.B. The unsuitable sensor layer.C. The bumps and scrapes of everyday life.D. The compatibility with human skin tissues.14. What can we infer about the e-skin from the last pa

42、ragraph?A. It can sense and react exactly like humans skin.B. It may be used to check the condition of bridges.C. It can make human beings live as long as they want.D. It will turn human beings into cyborgs that never die.15. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Electronic skin has a wide range of

43、applications.B. Hydrogel contributes to developing electronic skin.C. Attempts to develop electronic skin have fallen short.D. Smart electronic skin has been developed by scientists.【答案】12-15 ABBD【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了近來，科學(xué)家們經(jīng)過多次嘗試之后，終于研發(fā)出來和人類皮膚一樣的智能電子皮膚了。12. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Recently, according to Mirr

44、or, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans.”可知，本句是文章主題，本句中代詞it代指上文電影中的人物“一個(gè)生化人”，因此上文提到熱門電影是為了引出本文的話題。故選A。13. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“The previous sensor layer was too weak or too strong, reducing its durability, sensitivity or flexibility, wh

45、ich makes it more likely to break.”可知，使先前的嘗試功虧一簣的是沒有找到合適的感應(yīng)層。故選B。14. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“While the first port of call is medical, the e-skin could benefit a wide range of products one day, such as monitoring the structural condition of furniture and planes.”可知，電子皮膚可能會(huì)被用來檢測橋梁的情況。故選B。15. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“R

46、ecently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans.”再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講了科學(xué)家們近期研發(fā)出智能電子皮膚，并介紹了研發(fā)時(shí)所遇到的困難、突破和使用前景，所以D項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家們研發(fā)了智能電子皮膚”符合題意。故選D。第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。How Not to Be

47、AwkwardNot at all us are outgoing and ready to take the world by storm. _16_ This usually happens when a person is still in his or her teen years and going through the socialization process. So, what can a person do to overcome this tendency to be awkward? Lets try to find answers to the questions.S

48、tay in shape and dress up wellSometimes, awkwardness could be due to being overweight. When you are large in size, you tend to get very self-conscious. So, in order to avoid this, get into the habit of exercising every day. _17_ If you look as if you have just stepped out of a 1980s film when actual

49、ly it is 2011, there is no doubt that you are bound to feel awkward about yourself?Be optimisticAnother effective tip on how riot to feel awkward is to always keep a smile on your face. _18_ On the other hand, a smiling, happy and positive thinking person is appreciated by everybody. So, smile when

50、you meet acquaintances or even strangers, say a cheerful “Hi!” and automatically some of your awkwardness will disappear completely!Participate in team activitiesThis one really helps. Awkwardness generally develops when a person remains isolated from others. So, in order to change this situation, j

51、oin groups. _19_ Joining people in book reading sessions as well as debates will help remove your awkwardness. Choose any activity of your choice, such as playing team sports or joining a dance class, and soon you will find your comfort level around people increasing day by day!Develop your personal

52、ityBeing a book-worm or an Internet addict will not get you anywhere. For self-improvement, take up a hobby that adds meaning to your life. Learn singing or try adventure sports. _20_A. Learn how to end a conversation.B. Secondly, have appropriate clothes on.C. For instance, if you are a reading lov

53、er, join a book club.D. If you look sad, nobody will actually like being with you.E. Something as simple as listening to music will do wonders too.F. Many among us are shy and may even feel kept apart from others.G. Awkwardness could be because you do not have anything in common to talk about.【答案】16

54、-20 FBDCE【解析】本文是一篇說明文。怎樣使自己不笨拙不尷尬，作者提出了幾點(diǎn)建議，如保持體形注意穿著、樂觀、參加團(tuán)體活動(dòng)、發(fā)展個(gè)性等。16. 根據(jù)前句“Not all of us are outgoing and ready to take the world by storm.”可知，并不是所有的人都很外向并愿意風(fēng)靡世界，也就是說我們中有很多人比較害羞，不愿意和他人交往。下句“This usually happens when a person is still in his or her teen years and going through the socialization p

55、rocess.”告訴我們，這種情況通常發(fā)生在10幾歲的時(shí)候，故F項(xiàng)“我們中的許多人都很害羞，甚至可能覺得和別人不一樣?！狈仙舷挛拇?lián)。故選F。17. 根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題Stay in shape and dress up well可知，要想在人際交往中不尷尬，需要保持體形，并穿著打扮好，橫線前句“So, in order to avoid this, get into the habit of exercising every day.”講的是多鍛煉保持體形，那么橫線要填的句子就應(yīng)該是與dress up well一致的含義。故選B。18. 根據(jù)標(biāo)題Be optimistic(要樂觀)可知，本段中心

56、思想就是要求我們要有樂觀的心態(tài)。再看后一句“a smiling, happy and positive think person is appreciated by everybody.(一個(gè)面帶微笑，開心并積極思考的人會(huì)受到他人的喜歡)”，也就是說如果總是不開心，不樂觀面對一切，沒有人會(huì)喜歡你。故D項(xiàng)“如果你看起來很悲傷，沒有人會(huì)喜歡和你在一起?！狈仙舷挛拇?lián)。故選D。19. 根據(jù)前一句“So, in order to change this situation, join groups.”可知，作者建議我們?yōu)榱烁淖冞@一情況要參加某個(gè)小組。C項(xiàng)“For instance, if you a

57、re a reading lover, join a book club.(例如，如果你喜歡閱讀，就參加讀書俱樂部)”與上文一致。故選C。20. 根據(jù)本段第二句“For self-improvement, take up a hobby that adds meaning to your life.”可知，為了提高自己，要開始一個(gè)愛好，這個(gè)愛好可以給你的生活帶來很大的意義。E項(xiàng)“Something as simple as listening to music will do wonders too.(有時(shí)候簡單如聽音樂這樣的事情也會(huì)帶來奇跡)”正是敘述個(gè)人愛好的影響。故選E。第二部分 英語知

58、識(shí)運(yùn)用 （共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。The ambulance driver Mr. Goodman, turned on his siren and flashing light, and started speeding towards the nearest hospital, fighting _21_ time. Inside were the _22_ parents, Mr. and Mrs. Black, the mother holding thei

59、r baby daughter, Marley. The little girl had some food _23_ in her throat and could hardly breathe. The _24_ ahead of him pulled out of the way _25_ Mr. Goodman drove through the busy traffic. From the back of the ambulance the parents were shouting at him to hurry, since Marley had almost stopped b

60、reathing. In front of him he saw some traffic lights, with the red “STOP” light shining. Mr. Goodman knew that he had no time to _26_, so he drove straight past the traffic lights.Coming towards him from his right was a taxi. The driver had the windows _27_, since the car was air-conditioned, and he