時態(tài)與語態(tài)考點(diǎn)

1、關(guān)于時態(tài)和語態(tài)考點(diǎn)第一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配一般現(xiàn)在every , sometimes,at , on Sunday 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行now, 現(xiàn)在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般過去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 過去進(jìn)行this morning, the whole

2、 morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while 過去完成before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 一般將來next, tomorrow, in 過去將來多用在間接引語中表示發(fā)生在謂語動作以后的動作第二張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（1）一般現(xiàn)在時1.客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)或表示格言或警句（不受時態(tài)限制） Knowledge begins with practice. She said that the sea water is

3、 salty. In some parts of the world, such as in England , tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. serves C. is served D. served-The girl _ weight recently. -Yes , she _ too much.has gained ,is eating B. gains ,eats C. is gaining, ate D. is gaining ,eats第三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2)表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時多用系動詞或狀態(tài)動

4、詞；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作，多用動作動詞，且常與表頻率的時間狀語連用,如always, often, now and then等。Ice feels cold.We always care for each other and help each other.3)表示知覺、態(tài)度、感情、某種抽象的關(guān)系或概念的詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong 、 seem等。如：I know what you mean.Smith owns a car and a hous

5、e.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.第四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4)少數(shù)用于表示起止的動詞如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作。往往是由自然,日歷或時刻表規(guī)定而不變且周而復(fù)始循環(huán)進(jìn)行的情況,句中常帶有時間狀語. The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. The trai

6、n leaves at three this afternoon. The plane takes off at 15:00. School begins on Friday. 第五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5)在時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時,如when, before, until, If, as soon as等。If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. -Put these glasses away before they

7、 _. -OK. Ill put them in the cupboard.have broken B. are breaking C. get brokenD. will be broken6) 倒裝句（由here，there開頭的句子，動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作） Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.第六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一般過去時: 1)基本用法：表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài)常與表示過去具體的時間狀語連用（或有上下文語境暗示

8、）；用于表達(dá)過去的習(xí)慣。1.-Look! Someone has spilt （溢出）coffee on the carpet.（地毯） -Well , it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been2.-Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. -Oh, how good a dad! But she doesnt like sweet things. _ that? A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know

9、D. Hadnt you known3.-Was Mary in the office when you arrived there? -Yes , but she _soon afterwards. A. had left B. left C. would leave D. will leave第七張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月He told me he _an interesting novel last night . 如果從句中有一個過去的時間狀語，盡管從句中的動作先于主句發(fā)生，但從句中的謂語動詞用過去式。一般過去時的考點(diǎn)分析（考核重點(diǎn)）。表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài)常與表示

10、過去具體的時間狀語連用（或有上下文語境暗示）；用于表達(dá)過去的習(xí)慣；表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到或希望的事 I met her in the street yesterday. He used to smoke a lot. I thought the film would be interesting, but it isnt.readyesterday, last night , two days ago, in 2008, before liberation, at that time第八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3)追憶逝去的人或事,常用過去時. Lei Feng set

11、 a good example to the people throughout the world. Charlie Chaplin was a great actor and acted in many films.4)一般過去時有時也可表示現(xiàn)在的行為,但口氣要比用一般現(xiàn)在時更加委婉,客氣.這樣的詞有think, wonder,hope等.I wondered if you could do me a favour.第九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5)表示兩個緊接著發(fā)生的動作，常由以下詞語連接，用一般過去時。如：but, and, when, as soon as, imme

12、diately, the moment, the minute。The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.He bought a watch but lost it.6)常用一般過去時的句型：Why didnt you / I think of that?I didnt notice it.I forgot to tell you I had been there with mybrother before.I didnt recognize him.第十張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.一般將來時1)

13、 表示未來的動作或狀態(tài)常用will / shall + 動詞（常與表示將來的時間狀語邊用如tomorrow、next week等）。 2) 表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動作。 Well die without air or water. 3) 表示將來時的四種形式will /shall +動詞原形be going to do be about to do(正要干什么)be to do 第十一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 be going to 有很強(qiáng)的計劃性，打算干什么，而will表示談話時臨時決定的意圖，具有臨時性和偶然性* be going to 表將來，不能用在條件狀語從句的主句中；

14、而will則能，表意愿。如：If it is fine, well go fishing.(正確)If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(錯誤) -The telephone is ringing. -I _ answer it.A. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did

15、 be going to 可用來表達(dá)某種跡象要發(fā)生的事。而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! Its going to rain.第十二張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. be to和be going to 表示約定、計劃或職責(zé)、義務(wù)要求即將發(fā)生的動作還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。be to do 安排將要干什么，有很強(qiáng)的計劃性，有時=be going tobe to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事.be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.Im going to p

16、lay football tomorrow afternoon.第十三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4be about to do 表示“正要干什么”， 表示即將發(fā)生的動作，不與表示將來的時間狀語連用。常與when 連用，when 此時意思： 就在這時，是并列連詞 構(gòu)成句型： be about to do when. I was about to leave when it rained. 第十四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月特別注意（1）一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，特別用于車、船、飛機(jī)等時刻表中安排好的。The plane leaves tomorrow.(盡管有tomorr

17、ow, 但沒有will ,be going to )（2）某些瞬間動詞“go, come, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。 Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have been 第十五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月表示在最近按計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動作 ,僅限于少量動詞：return , stay , do, have, see sb off Are yo

18、u staying here till next week?工作進(jìn)行的怎么樣？工作進(jìn)行的相當(dāng)順利。你進(jìn)步很快。我們想在這里建一座水壩。風(fēng)挺大有人找你接電話。How are you getting on with your work?The work is going fairly smoothly.Youre making rapid progress.Were thinking of building a dam here.Its blowing hard.Someone is asking for you on the phone.第十六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

19、:1表示說話時正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動作或狀態(tài)。2表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動作,但說話時不一定正在進(jìn)表近期特定的安排或計劃；go、come等起止動作可用進(jìn)行時代替將來時I dont really work here. Im helping until the new secretary comes.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will cha

20、nge -Ann works very hard. -In fact. I think she _ just(只是) now.studied B. is studying C. studies D. will study 第十七張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out of before Ive none in hand.A.has run out B. is running out C. has been run outD. is being run out I

21、can guess you were in a hurry. You _ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing第十八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.You _things about . Look, what a mess in you room!A. always throw B. have always thrown C. are always throwing D. have always been thrown2.You _ television. Why n

22、ot dosomething more active? A. always watch B. are always watching C. have always watched D. have always been watching現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時與always, continually , constantly, never 等連用，表示不滿厭惡或贊揚(yáng)的感情色彩。 第十九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 過去進(jìn)行時1表示 過去某一時間正進(jìn)行的動作 。通常有時間狀語（從句），或由上下文表示。 1.-Hey ,look where you are going? -Oh, Im terri

23、bly sorry ._. A. Im not noticing B. I dont noticing C. I havent noticing D. I wasnt noticing 2.-Hey ,what did I say? -I _. A. Im not listening B. I was not listening C. I dont listened D. I didnt listeneg. This time yesterday ,they were having lunch第二十張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2 表示 過去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動作，但這個動作可以

24、完，也可以不一定完成。-Why didnt you join us last night? -I _ the live programs on the war between Iraq and the States. A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. have been watching-Why werent you at the meeting? -I _ for a long distance call from my father in Australia. A. waited B. was waiting C. had waite

25、d D. have been Good heavens ! There you are ! We _ anxious about you . We _ you back much earlier all through the night. A. are , expect B. were, had expected C. will be , are expecting D. have been ,were expecting -You look tired. -Yes. I _ until twelve oclock.A. am working B. was working C. has wo

26、rked D.had worked第二十一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3 在簡單句中有at that time, then , this time yesterday / last week, at 10 oclock last night 等具體的時間狀語用過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)。I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ at a radio shop at the time.has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked特別注意：與always連用，表示感情色彩。My bro

27、ther was always losing his key.第二十二張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh, Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time. I certainly think its smart.A. wasnt making B. dont makeC. wont makeD. didnt make2. To find the street where I

28、lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change3. He _ quite well, but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer.A. will swim B. have swumC. swam D. swims4. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me u

29、p, but he _by now.A. hasnt turned up B. doesnt turn upC. wont turn up D. hadnt turned up第二十三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus.A. catch B. had caughtC. caughtD. catching7. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A. was to

30、 walk B. had been walking C. walked D. was walking8. I really dont think Rose will be upset, but I will go and see her in case she _.A. is B. does C. will beD. has been9. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _

31、.A. were playingB. were to playC. had played D. played第二十四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月10. Kate is in hospital. Oh, really? I _. _ visit her.A. didnt know; Ill go andB. dont know; Ill go andC. dont know; Im going toD. didnt know; Im going to11. Where _ the guidebook? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right her

32、e, but now its gone.A. did you put; have putB. had you put; have putC. have you put; putD. were you putting; put14. Do you live in this city? No, we _ it for holidays.A. just visit B. just visited C. are just visiting D. have visited15. How is the old man now? Sorry, he _ though they did all they co

33、uld to save him.A. was deadB. had died C. has been dead D. died第二十五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月16.The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _.A. will be taken B. are takenC. were taken D. had been taken 17. Im afraid it will be two months _.A. when I come back B. when Ill come backC. before I

34、come backD. before Ill come back18.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office.A. had worked, had left B. were working ; had left C. working ; had leftD. had worked; left19.The notice _ “No smoking”.A. is told B. readsC. tells D. is read第二十六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（

35、4）現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時除可以和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語連用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時It is (has been) + 一段時間 + since從句This(That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完成時This(That / It)is the only + that + 完成時This(that / It)is the best / finest / most

36、interesting + that 從句 + 完成時在時間或條件狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時可以代替一般將來時。如：I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.第二十七張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（5）過去完成時 常用過去完成時的幾種情況：1.在by、by the end、by the time、until

37、、before、since后接表示過去某一時間的短語或從句以前發(fā)生的動作。如：By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station.2)表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/thought / wanted / expected等或用上述動詞過去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned + to have done。I had hoped to s

38、ee her again.我本希望再見她一面.(但沒能如愿)3）“時間名詞 + before”在句子中作狀語，謂語動詞用過去完成時；“時間名詞 + ago”在句中作狀語，謂語動詞用一般過去式。如：He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.第二十八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4）表示“一就”的幾個句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主語 + 過去分詞 + when / than / before

39、+ 一般過去時。如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.在before或after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中用一般過去時態(tài)代替過去完成時。After he (had)left the room, the boss came in.We arrived home before it snowed.第二十九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. The old man _ two days after he had been s

40、ent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 2. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 3. I _ my son _ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at science. A. hoped; would become B. had hoped; would bec

41、ome C. had hoped; will become D. hope; will become 4. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 5. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D

42、. had left; would come 第三十張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（6）過去將來時參照一般將來時對比：would do、was / were going to do sth.表過去將來；come、go、leave等過去進(jìn)行時表過去將來時；was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表過去將來。7）過去進(jìn)行時過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作或某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。某一動作發(fā)生時另一動作正在發(fā)生，其中一個在由when或while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中。第三十一張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時構(gòu)

43、成：have /has been doing表示過去某一動作狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也可能將持續(xù)下去。 -Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work? -Yes, that why I _ to work by train. A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone 第三十二張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月9.將來完成時： will / shall +have done 表示將來某一時間之前完成的動作，常與表示將來時間的狀語連用，如： by the end of+將來時間

44、的短語, by the time +從句（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時），這時句子或主句應(yīng)用將來完成時 We will have finished the work by the time he comes back.10.一般將來進(jìn)行時； will be doing / shall be doing 表示將來某一時間正在進(jìn)行的動作 What will you be doing this time tomorrow?第三十三張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.By the end of this month, we surely _ a satisfactory solution

45、to the problem. A. have found B. will be found C. will have found D. are finding 2.The conference _ a full week by the time it ends. A. must have lasted B. will have lastedC. would last D. has lasted 第三十四張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 1. - Where _you _ (put) the book? I cant see it anywhere. - I _(put) it ri

46、ght here. But now its gone. A. did ; put; put B. have; put; put C. did; put; have put D. have; put; have put2. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened3. Hello, I _ you were in London. How long _ here? A. dont kn

47、ow; were you B. hadnt known; are you C. havent known; are D. didnt know; have you been4. Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we _ expected to. A. finished; were B. have finished; are C. have finished; were D. had finished; were5. When I was at college I _ three foreign language

48、but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten C. had spoken; have forgotten第三十五張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 1. - Hi, Tracy, you look tired. “- I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have b

49、een painting D. have painted 2. - Have you had any letters from him? - No, I havent, but my wife _ him regularly . A. has heard from B. has been hearing from C. had heard from D. hears第三十六張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和過去進(jìn)行時 1. I dont really work here. I _ until the new secretary _. A. just help out

50、; comes B. have just helped out; will come C. am just helping out; comes D. will just help out; has come 2. - When shall we leave? - As soon as I _ what I _. A. will finish; do B. have finished, am doing C. finish, will do D. finish, do 3. At that time he _ in the library. A. worked B. had worked C.

51、 was working D. would work 4. The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she_in the office. A. were working; had left B. worked; left C. had worked; left D. were working; would leave 5. - Hey, look where you are going! - Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. A. Im not noticing. B. I wasnt noticing

52、. C. I havent noticed. D. I dont notice. E. I didnt notice. F. I wont notice第三十七張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. 一般過去時和過去進(jìn)行時 1. He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 2. Tom _ into t

53、he house when no one _. A. slipped; was noticing B. had slipped; noticed C. slipped; had noticed D. was slipping; noticed 3. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 4. The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fiel

54、ds. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picked C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking 第三十八張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、被動語態(tài)考查要點(diǎn)簡述被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成方式：be + 過去分詞，口語只也有用get / become + 過去分詞表示。被動語態(tài)的基本用法：不知道或沒必要提到動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時用被動語態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動作的承受者常用被動語態(tài)（by短語有時可以省略）。（1）使用被動語態(tài)時應(yīng)注意的幾個問題。主動變化被動時雙賓語的變化?？聪铝欣洹y friend gave me an interes

55、ting book on my birthday.An interesting book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday.I was given an interesting book (by my friend)on my birthday.第三十九張，PPT共四十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月主動變被動時，賓補(bǔ)成主補(bǔ)（位置不變）；（作補(bǔ)語的）不定式前需加to。The boss made him work all day long.He was made to work all day long(by the boss)短語動詞變被動語態(tài)時，勿要掉“尾巴”。The children were taken good care of (by her).Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.情態(tài)動詞和be going to、be to、be sure to、