海洋特色英語(yǔ)與文化課后翻譯

1、Unit 1什么使大海如此吸引我們？為什么我們?cè)敢饣ê芏噱X(qián)，驅(qū)車(chē)數(shù)小時(shí)，或精心計(jì)劃我們的 時(shí)間，就為了能找時(shí)間親近大海？海洋對(duì)健康的好處是巨大的，而在海洋空氣中呼吸也 是福氣。What makes us so drawn to the ocean? Whyare we willingto spend a lotof mon ey, drive for hours, and pla n our days carefully just to find time to get close to the ocea n? The health ben efits are great and breath

2、i ng in the ocea n air is bliss. 但除了我們對(duì)水活動(dòng)的熱情外，肯定有更多的原因促使我們付出這么多的時(shí)間和精力。 最近我讀的一篇文章可以幫助解釋這些往往很難用言詞表達(dá)的感情。簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，我們的 大腦很享受海水。But there must be more reasons which prompt us to invest so much time and en ergy besides our passi on for water activity. A rece nt articleI read helped to explain these feelings t

3、hat are often hard to put into words. Simply put, our brains really enjoy the water.華萊士 J尼科爾斯是一位海洋生物學(xué)家，他想知道當(dāng)我們?cè)诤Ｉ?、海里或者在大?附近時(shí)我們對(duì)海洋的情緒反應(yīng)?？傊?，尼科爾斯的目標(biāo)不是傳授給我們關(guān)于海洋的知識(shí)，而是準(zhǔn)確查明我們熱愛(ài)海洋的原因，這樣我們可以通過(guò)公共政策把它作為一個(gè)工具來(lái)保護(hù)海洋。Wallace J. Nichols is a marine biologist whowants to learn what happens to us whe n we are on, in

4、, or n ear the ocea n. Specifically he wants to understand what on earth triggers our emotional reactions to the ocean. In brief , Nichols goal is not to impart to us the knowledge about ocea n, but to find out exactly why we love the ocea n so that we can use that as a tool to protect it through pu

5、blic policy.Unit 2洛杉磯位于加州，是個(gè)適合居住的城市。宣人的氣候和高質(zhì)量的生活，使得這里的房?jī)r(jià) 是其他主要城市的兩倍多。但是氣候變化給這個(gè)城市帶來(lái)了有形的威脅和舒適性的浩 劫。Los Angeles, located in California, is a great place to live. Pleasing climate and high-quality life make the home prices here more than double those in other major cities. However, climate change poses

6、tangible threats and amenity havoc.氣候研究人員預(yù)測(cè)，未來(lái)的洛杉磯平均氣溫將比現(xiàn)在高13華氏度，氣候變化會(huì)奪走這里許多氣候的獨(dú)特性。房?jī)r(jià)因此下跌，氣候舒適帶來(lái)的房地產(chǎn)溢價(jià)消失(這對(duì)于購(gòu)房者 來(lái)說(shuō)是壞消息)。Climate researchers predict that the temperature of LA will be 13 degrees F warmer on average in the future. Climate cha nge will strip away much of the city s climate uniqueness.

7、Therefore, home pricedeclines and climate amenity premium vanishes (bad news for the real estate own ers).洛杉磯如何應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化？一方面，洛城要學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)氣候變化，通過(guò)提高公共服務(wù)來(lái)減 少變化給居民帶來(lái)的傷害。社區(qū)非政府組織已開(kāi)始填補(bǔ)這一空白。另一方面，保護(hù)環(huán)境 是刻不容緩的，由此可以維持城市的氣候舒適性。當(dāng)然，洛城的未來(lái)跟全球的氣候變化 是密切相關(guān)的。Howcan LA adapt to the climate change? On the one hand, LA should lear

8、n to adapt to the change by improving public service to reduce the harm to its residents. Community-based NGOs have stepped up to fill this void. On the other hand, it s pressing to protect the environment to maintain the city s climate amenity. Of course, the future of LosAn geles is closely in ter

9、conn ected with the global climate cha nge.Unit 3捕鯨就像英國(guó)的獵狐，各方意見(jiàn)似乎永遠(yuǎn)不能達(dá)成一致。1986年以來(lái)，國(guó)際捕鯨委員會(huì)就已經(jīng)禁止了商業(yè)的捕鯨行為。可是每年夏天在南極，日本都會(huì)派遣船隊(duì)南下去捕捉數(shù) 百只鯨魚(yú)以供作“研究用”。As with foxhunting in Britain, all sides seem never to reach an agreement on whaling. Since 1986 the International Whaling Commission (IWC) has imposed a morat

10、orium on commercial whaling. Yet every Antarctic summer, Japan sends a whaling fleet south to catch hundreds of w hales for “research ”.鯨魚(yú)仍在被大肆捕殺；近年來(lái)平均每年捕殺量已經(jīng)幾乎達(dá)到2000頭。為了防止鯨魚(yú)絕跡，國(guó)際捕鯨委員會(huì)提出了一份和平計(jì)劃。根據(jù)這一提案，之前的禁令將被接觸十年， 但捕鯨者必須統(tǒng)一大幅減少捕鯨數(shù)量。But whales are still killed in large numbers; in recent years the ann

11、ual slaughter has reached almost 2,000 on average. To avoid the extinction of whales, IWCput forward a “peace plan ” . According to the proposal, the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers have to agree to a sharp reducti on in their catch.對(duì)于重新開(kāi)放商業(yè)捕鯨，保護(hù)主義者一定優(yōu)惠抱怨、批評(píng)。盡管如此，任何一個(gè)妥協(xié)的 方案都要比繼續(xù)

12、僵持要好。The conservationists would definitely complain about or criticize the resumption of commercial whaling. Even so, any compromising deal would be far better tha n con ti nued sta nd-off.Unit 4近年來(lái)，由于環(huán)境污染、過(guò)度捕撈等因素，海域的漁業(yè)資源出現(xiàn)衰退的情況。應(yīng)當(dāng)說(shuō)， 國(guó)家為了保護(hù)海洋漁業(yè)資源，做到可持續(xù)發(fā)展，在將每年規(guī)定一段時(shí)間為休漁期之外， 也限制捕撈的網(wǎng)具規(guī)格。In recent years,

13、 due to environmental pollution, ovefishing and other factors, the fisheries resources are in decline. It should be said that the state not only sets the period of time each year for fishingmoratorium but also restricts fishing nets specificationsin order toprotect marine fisheries resources to achi

14、eve susta in able developme nt.但是漁民為了提高效率增加收入，采取某些極端手段以多捕魚(yú)為主，使得漁業(yè)資源的繁 殖和發(fā)展鏈條被人為隔斷，極大破壞了海洋的生態(tài)環(huán)境，直接后果和尚未預(yù)知的破壞作 用可以說(shuō)是無(wú)可估量的。However, the fishermen take someextreme ways to fish in order to boost efficiency and in crease in come so that the cha in betwee n the reproducti onand developme nt of fishery res

15、ources have bee nartificially cut off, which greatly damages the marine ecological environment and a direct consequenee and the unknown destructionwillbe inv aluable.大海里的野生魚(yú)類(lèi)已經(jīng)無(wú)法滿足人類(lèi)日益增長(zhǎng)的需求，水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的海產(chǎn)品在未來(lái)會(huì)越發(fā)重要，但他不能拯救我們。從事藍(lán)色作業(yè)的漁民的需求迫在眉睫。作為消費(fèi)者，我們可 以選擇限制吃魚(yú)的數(shù)量，以確保我們的子孫后代不會(huì)無(wú)魚(yú)可吃。Wild fish has bee n un able t

16、o meet the ever-grow ing n eeds of mankind. Aquaculture will be increasinglyimportant in the future, but it cannotsave us. Blue fishfarmers are n eeded.As con sumers, we can choose tolimit the nu mber of fish to en sure that our future gen erati ons will also have fish to eat.Unit 521世紀(jì)是海洋的世紀(jì)，海洋是擁有巨

17、大潛力的天然資源寶庫(kù)。從海洋生物中獲得的許多的結(jié)構(gòu)新穎、活性獨(dú)特的物質(zhì)未獲得全新結(jié)構(gòu)的新藥提供了寶貴的化合物資源。The 21st century is the century of ocean, and the ocean is the treasury of huge potential natural resources.Obtained from the marineorganisms, many substances with nov structure and unique activityprovide valuablecompound sources for new drugs

18、 with brand-newstructures.隨著人們綠色消費(fèi)意識(shí)的增強(qiáng)和回歸大自然的呼聲日益高漲，高效、低毒的海洋藥物收 到各國(guó)政府和藥學(xué)界的重視。20世紀(jì)60年代，各國(guó)競(jìng)相投入資源，開(kāi)始利用海洋生物資源進(jìn)行藥物開(kāi)發(fā)的系統(tǒng)研究。As peoples awareness of green consumption and the voice of returning to nature are rising, marine drugs with high efficiencyand lowtoxicity attract attentionof national governments a

19、nd pharmaceuticalcircles. In the 1960s, coun tries competed to in vest heavily, and bega n utilizing marine biological resources for systematic study on drugdevelopme nt.在過(guò)去的幾十年間，6000多種海洋天然產(chǎn)物被發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中有重要的生物活性已經(jīng)申請(qǐng)專(zhuān) 利的新化合物有200多種。在我國(guó)近海也已發(fā)現(xiàn)具有藥用價(jià)值的生物700多種。In the past few decades, more tha n 6,000 kinds of m

20、arine n atural products were found, amongwhich over 200 varieties of novel compounds had important bioactivities and had been patented. In Chinas coastal waters more than 700 kinds of organisms with medicinal value have also bee n found.海洋生物制藥的產(chǎn)生和興起，標(biāo)志著醫(yī)藥科學(xué)和海洋科學(xué)向深度和廣度發(fā)展，逐步形成 一門(mén)嶄新、重要的制藥工程學(xué)科。The emerg

21、ence and rise of marine biopharmacy marks the fact that medical scienee and marine scienee develop in depth and breadth, thus gradually forming a n ew, importa nt pharmaceutical engin eeri ng discipli ne.Unit 6海洋酸化指海水由于吸收了空氣中過(guò)量的二氧化碳，導(dǎo)致酸堿度降低的現(xiàn)象。科學(xué)家們 認(rèn)為我們排放出的二氧化碳越多，海洋吸收的越多，海水就會(huì)變得越酸，這可能會(huì)給海 洋生物帶來(lái)一系列潛在的毀

22、滅性的影響。Ocean acidification refers to thedecrease in the pH value of the ocea ns, caused by the uptake of carb on dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Scie ntists say the more carbondioxide we emit, the more oceans absorb and the more acidic the water becomes, and this may cause a range of potentially d

23、evastating con seque nces for marine orga ni sms.比如，酸度增加會(huì)導(dǎo)致紫貽貝的免疫反應(yīng)下降，阻礙珊瑚的生長(zhǎng)繁殖，使某些浮游生物 難以生存，并對(duì)海洋食物鏈帶來(lái)威脅。For instanee, the increasing acidity may reduce the immuneresponses of blue mussels, slow the growth of corals and make it hard for some planktons to survive; moreover, it maypose a threat to the

24、 food chains conn ected with the ocea ns.鑒于當(dāng)前對(duì)全球二氧化碳排放導(dǎo)致海洋酸化的擔(dān)憂，我們比以往更需要了解海洋通常是如何維持酸平衡的。更緊急的是我們需要提高移植二氧化碳排放的意識(shí)，這才是放下解 決或緩解海洋酸化的有效辦法。Given current concerns about the ocean acidification through global carb on dioxide emissi on s, it is more importa nt tha n ever that we understand how the aciditybala

25、nee of the sea is normally maintained.And it is more urge nt that we raise our aware ness of curb ing the emissi on of carb on dioxide, which is the effective way to solve or mitigate ocea n acidificati on for the time being.Unit 7厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象是太平洋赤道附近海域大范圍水溫升高引起的一種異常氣候現(xiàn)象。厄爾尼諾等極端氣候現(xiàn)象正在變得越來(lái)越頻繁。其強(qiáng)度也在不斷增加?？茖W(xué)家們認(rèn)為，厄爾尼 諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生于人類(lèi)自然環(huán)境的日益惡化有關(guān)，是地球溫室效應(yīng)增加的直接結(jié)果。El Ni?o is an unu sual weather phe nomenon caused by a wide range of rising water temperatures in the Pacific waters near the equator. El Nino and other extreme weather event