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1、由假設(shè)得到公式We ame laminar flow and use Bernoullis equation:(由假設(shè)得到的公式)公式Where符號(hào)解釋According to the amptions, at every junction we have (由于假設(shè))公式由原因得到公式Because our field is flat, we have 公式, so the height of our source relative to our sprinklers does not affect the exit speed v2 (由原因得到的公式);公式Since the fluid

2、 ispressible(由于液體是不可壓縮的), we have公式Where公式用原來(lái)的公式推出公式3Plugging v1o the equation for v2 ,we obtain (將公式 1 代入公式 2 中得到)公式Putting these together(把公式放在一起), because of the law of conservation of energy, yields:公式Therefore, from (2),(3),(5), we have the ith junction(由前幾個(gè)公式得)公式Putting (1)-(5) together, we ca

3、n obtain pup at every junction . in fact, at the last junction, we have公式Putting theseo (1) ,we get(把這些公式代入 1 中)公式Whieanst theCommonly, h is aboutFrom these equations, (從這個(gè)公式中知道)we knowt 引出約束條件4Using prere and discharge data from Rain Bird 結(jié)果,We find the attenuation factor (得到衰減因子,常數(shù),系數(shù)) to be公式計(jì)算結(jié)果

4、6To find the new prere ,we use the ( 0 0),which sest the volume of water flowing inequals the volume of water flowing out : (為了找到新值,公式Where () is ;7Solving for VN we obtain (公式的解)公式Where n is the .用什么方程)8We have the following differential equations for speeds公式Whose solutions are (解)公式he x- and y- d

5、irections:We use the following initial conditions ( 使用初值 ) to determine the drag constant:公式根據(jù)原有公式We apply the law of conservation of energy(根據(jù)能量守恒定律). The work done by theforis公式The decrease in potential energy is (勢(shì)能的減少)公式The increase in kinetic energy is (動(dòng)能的增加)公式Drug acts directly against veloci

6、ty, so the acceleration vector from drag can be found Newtonslaw F=ma as : (第二定律)Where a is the acceleration vector and m is massUsing the Newtons Second Law, we havet F/m=a and公式Sot公式s for t1/t2 equal and cross-multiplying gives公式Setting the two expres22We approximate the binomial distribution of c

7、ontenders wi公式normal distribution:Where x is the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution. denominators and solving the resulting quadratic in B gives公式As anytic approximation to . for k=1, we get B=cClearing26 egrating, (使結(jié)合)we get PVT=constant, where公式The main comition

8、of the air is nitrogen and oxygen, so i=5 and r=1.4, so23According toLaw of Thermodynamics, we get公式Where () . we also then have公式re of the gas and V is the volume.WherFormula:s the preut themo the Ideal Gasernal公式Where對(duì)公式變形13Define A=nlw to be the ()(定義); rearranging (1) produ公式(將公式變形得到)Weize E for

9、 each layer, subject to the constra(2). The calculations are easier if weminimize 1/E.(為了得到最大值,求他倒數(shù)的最小值) Neglecting constant factors (忽略常數(shù)), we minimize公式使服從約束條件14Subject to the constra(使服從約束條件)公式Where B is constant defined in (2). However, as long as we are obeying this constra, we canwrite (根據(jù)約束條件

10、得到)公式And thus f depends only on h , the function f is minimized at (求最小值)公式At this value of h, the constrareduto公式結(jié)果說(shuō)明15This imps(暗示)t the harmonic mean of l and w should be公式So ,he optimal situation. 5This value shows very little loss due to friction.(結(jié)果說(shuō)明) The esc公式speed with friction is16 We use

11、a similar pros to find theition of the droplet, resulting in公式With t=0.0001 s, error from the approximation is virtually zero.17We calculated its trajectory(軌道) using公式t case, using the same expanfor e as above,公式18For19Solving for t and equating it to the earr expres公式for t, we get20Recallingresult

12、 isthis equality only n is a function of f, we substitute for n and solve for f. the公式es singular (單數(shù)的).As v=, this equation由語(yǔ)句得到公式21The revenue generated by the flight is公式24Then we have公式We differentiate the ideal-gas se equation公式Getting公式liminate dT from the last two equations to get (排除公式25得到)22We

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