如何能確定非謂語動詞和謂語動詞經(jīng)典版

1、動詞的形式-謂語動詞和非謂語動詞突破點一-如何確定非謂語動詞還是謂語動詞假如句中找不到謂語，如此所給動詞就作謂語一個句子無論是主句還是從句，必須要有謂語，一般，空格所在的句子中無其他動詞，那么這個空就應(yīng)該填謂語動詞。謂語動詞要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致等。例如 2016全國 Then, handle the most important tasks so you will feel a real sense of achievement .Leave the less important things until tomorrow -63 (be) often acceptable.分析：該句中主語

2、為動名詞leaving -,故所給動詞作謂語，謂語動詞為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，且根據(jù)語境知日t態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時故填is例二 2016某某高考 The giant panda -61 (love) by people through the world.分析：句中沒有謂語故空格處應(yīng)該做謂語。大熊貓為世界各地人們所喜愛是個客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且 panda與love間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)故填is loved假如句中找到了謂語動詞，而又找不到連詞并列連詞或從句連詞時，如此所給動詞一定用作非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞需要確定是vIng形式，Ved形式還是不定式。例 1 2016 全國 Skilled wo

3、rkers also bine various hardwoods and metal43(create) special designs.分析：本句已有謂語動詞bine且空處不作并列謂語，故應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，此處為不定式作目的狀語故填to create例二 2016 全國 My ambassadorial duties will include -67(introduce)British visitors to the 120 plus panda at Chengdu and others at a research center in the misty mountains of Bife

4、ngxia. 分析：句中已有謂語動詞include 且無其他連詞，故空處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞。Include與 物動詞其后加名詞或動名詞作賓語再結(jié)合提示 Introduce和空后的名詞visitors , 此 處應(yīng)用動名詞作賓語故填introducing.排除干擾，切忌只見樹木不見森林例 1 2016 全國 Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and49 (be) too violent for use at the table.分析：初看此題，會根據(jù)and認(rèn)為應(yīng)與前面的某個成分并列，是與 believed并列，與 wo

5、uld remind并列還是killings 并列？分析句子可知，believed 后結(jié)賓語從句，賓 語從句由and連接倆個并列謂語，但此處描述的是過去的事實，應(yīng)用一般過去時，又 因主語是knives 故填were例 22015 全國 A study of travelers -68 (conduct) by the websiteTripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world .分析：此題存在一題多義，一詞多性的特征，考生易誤填wasconduced或were conduced 因為考生容易把

6、names誤作名詞而認(rèn)為空格處應(yīng)填動詞，實際上分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格所在句已有謂語動詞 names且不與names作并列謂語故填非謂語動詞。Study和 conduct間為被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語故填conducted2.通過6組易混示例，理清謂語動詞和非謂語動詞題組一示例He volunteered to help control traffic ,-(donate) an hourof his time every week.(2He volunteered to help control traffic,-and-(donate)an hour of his time every

7、 week.分析倆句差異是and ,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，1句空格處為現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨 狀語2句空格處與volunteered 并列作謂語故1填donating 2 填 donated題組二示例call me tomorrow and I will let you know the lab result .2. call me tomorrow , I will let you knowthe lab result分析倆句差異是and ,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，1句為句式祈使句+and +陳述 句2句為分詞短語作條件狀語故1填CALL 2填calling題組三示例The guide (lead) the

8、way , we had no trouble getting out of the forest.The guide (lead) theway ,so we had no trouble gettingout of the forest.分析倆句差異是so ,分析句子可知，1為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作原因狀語 2句so連接倆個并列句空格處所填詞應(yīng)與第二個并列分句的謂語動詞一致故1填leading 2 填led題組四示例The party will be held in the garden ,weather(permit).The party will be held in the garden ,

9、ifweather(permit).分析倆句差異是if ,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，1為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作條件狀語2句if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句故1填permitting 2 填permits題組五示例Jim was listening attentively to the lecture ,and all his attention -(fix) on it.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture ,with all his attention -(fix) on it.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture

10、 , -(fix) all his attention on it.分析二句差異是逗號后的局部，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，1為and連接倆個并列句通過時態(tài)語態(tài)的分析應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，2句為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，3句為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語故1句填wasfixed 2 填 fixed 3 句填 fixing題組六示例He went into the room,(sitat the table and beganto read newspapers.They walked along the stream together ,(talk) andlaughing.分析倆個結(jié)構(gòu)T,但仔細(xì)分析

11、是大徑相庭 1句為and連接的是二個并 列謂語動詞，2句為and連接倆個伴隨狀語，故1填sat 2填talking突破點二 運用6方法和1注意準(zhǔn)確謂語動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)方法1通過時態(tài)定義是做題的根本例 1 2017 某某實驗中學(xué)模擬Development often -69(give) us the excuse todestry the environment.分許：本句表示經(jīng)常做的事情應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時故填gives例 22017 某某市質(zhì)檢 When I also drove forward a man-(stand)outside thecar and talking to each drive

12、r as drove past.分析：表示過去某個事情正在做某事，應(yīng)用過去進展時故填was standing方法2通過標(biāo)志性狀語解決時態(tài)問題在體干中 yesterday ,tomorrow ,always ,in the past few years ,so far來判定時態(tài)。例 1 2017 濰坊市模擬 Last Friday a storm 61(sweep)through two villagesin the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes.分析：句中有表示時間的標(biāo)志性狀語Last Friday判定用一般過去時故填swept例 2 2

13、017 某某市調(diào)研測試 If we are satisfied with only a few rules we69(memorize )so far ,we were not really learning the language .分析;so far表示迄今為止與其匹配的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時故填have memorized方法3通過動作先后關(guān)系解決時態(tài)問題當(dāng)句中有倆個或倆個以上的動詞時，他們的發(fā)生時間有一定先后關(guān)系，我們可以根據(jù) 這種先后關(guān)系判定時態(tài)。例 1 2017 某某市質(zhì)檢 Due to the hard training they 66-(do) before ,their perf

14、ormance were very impressive.分析：主句的時態(tài)為一般過去時，根據(jù) before可以判定空格處所填表示過去的過去， 應(yīng)用過去完成時故填had done例 2 2017 某某市模擬 She 64 (have her high school entrance examin a week so I told her a few encouraging words.分析：我給他說一些鼓勵的話一般是過去時，那么要參加考試應(yīng)用過去將來時故填would have 或 was to have .方法4通過語境暗示解決時態(tài)問題有些題目在時間狀語和其他參照物都不明顯的情況下，通過理解語境

15、也是解決失調(diào)問 題的一條有效之路的方法。例 1 2017 某某/I中模擬 It is quite easy to plan a surprise whenones birthday 62 (e).分析：既然是要做計劃，那么生日即將降臨，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進展時表示將來故填is ing .例 2 2017 某某四地七校聯(lián)考One day , a beggar found a leather purse thatsomeone61 dropin the marketplace .分析：發(fā)現(xiàn)錢包用一般過去式，丟失錢包應(yīng)在此之前，表示過去的過去，故填haddropped.方法5通過常用句式解決時態(tài)問題掌握常

16、用句式也是解決時態(tài)問題的快速且行之有效的方式，因此要熟記一些常用句式。例 1 2017 某某市模擬 The hall was dark when I came in ; the show was about 46_-(begin ).分析：考察be about to do意為馬上就要做某事故填to begin例 2 2017 某某市模擬 One day I 66(read啊 newspaper when I noticeda photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last namewas Wagman

17、Linda s married name .分析:考察句式be doing -when - 再根據(jù)One day可判斷應(yīng)用過去進展時故填was reading方法6通過邏輯關(guān)系解決語態(tài)問題有時做題時我們對于時態(tài)問題比擬關(guān)注，但往往忽略了語態(tài)，因此我們可以采用先語態(tài)后時態(tài)例 1 2016 全國卷 Truly elegant chopsticks might -42 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.分析：情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形但此處might后能make嗎？通過分析可知 elegantchopsticks 與make間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)

18、用被動語態(tài)故填 be made.例 2 2017 某某市模擬 I finally went to ask the lady at student services and -63 (tell) that her was Kathy.分析;and連接倆個并列謂語，第一個是 went，與之并列應(yīng)該填told嗎？通過分析可知，I與tell間為被動關(guān)系故填 was told .注意點：特殊動詞特殊對待有些動詞短語的用法特殊，例如 belong to , break out , take place與系動詞一般不用進展時和被動語態(tài)，date bake to 或date from 常用一般現(xiàn)在時等。例 1

19、2017 某某市模擬The festival-64 (date) back to the Han Dynasty(206BC-220)分析：date back to意為追溯到，沒有被動語態(tài)且常與一般現(xiàn)在時連用故填dates例 22017 某某市聯(lián)考I t is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write -64 (belong ) to all people.分析：主句為It is about,that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，其中主語是the right toread an write ,belong to

20、 為句子的謂語，它沒有進展時和被動語態(tài)故填belongs.突破點(三 抓住4個關(guān)鍵點和4個易混點穩(wěn)解非謂語動詞題1. 4個關(guān)鍵點1)作目的狀語時用不定式，且只能用不定式一般式(1) 2016 全國卷 Skilled workers also bines various hardwoods and metal to createspecial designs .(2017襄陽市質(zhì)檢This year s World Economic Forum in Davos was held aweek earlier than usualto (avoid) conflicting with China

21、s New Year.2)作伴隨狀語和方式狀語時用現(xiàn)在分詞12016 全國卷 People probably cooked their food in large pots ,(use:twigs to remove it.(2)2017 某某市模擬This spring ,I stared working as a language assistant ,(teach )English to hundreds of students .3)做介詞的賓語時用動名詞(1) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwell

22、ings admirable is their ability to air condition a house without (use) electric equipment . We should prevent the river from(pollute) being polluted4)熟記固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的非謂語動詞。如be likely to do , have difficulty / troubledoing 等(1)2016 全國卷 If you find something you love doing outside of theoffice ,you will be le

23、ss likely(bring) your work home.(2) 2017 某某診斷考試 In the first place ,it often happens that we have trouble (findappropriate words and phases to give expression to ourmind.2.4 個易混點1現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表示動作與句子主語間為邏輯上主謂關(guān)系，過去分詞作狀語的動作與句子主語間為邏輯的動賓關(guān)系。例 1 2017 某某八中質(zhì)檢 61 realize it was our last high schoolsport

24、s meeting ,we decided to make it an unforgettable experience for all ofus .分析；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處局部為非謂語動詞作狀語，realize 與主語we間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系故填 Realizing.例 2 Greatly (encourage), the team conducted another experiment ,this time with water that contained bacteria.分析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處局部為非謂語動詞作狀語，encourage 與主語間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故填

25、encouraged2)現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作前置定語和表語此時現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都相當(dāng)于形容詞，前者意為令人 -的，后者為感到-的 例 12014 全國卷There were manypeople waiting the bus stop ,and someofthem looked very anxious and(disappoint)分析：此處looked后面為表語局部，此處指一些人看起來很焦慮很失望故填disappointed例 22017 某某實驗中學(xué)質(zhì)檢Dennis Williams ,the owner of the phonenumber responded to the (e

26、xcite) baby news.分析：此處為非謂語動詞作前置定語，表示令人興奮的有關(guān)孩子的消息故填exciting .3)不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作后置定語不定式做后置定語表示動作尚未進展，現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語表示主動進展，過去分詞 作后置定語表示被動完成。例 1 (2016 某某高考 For 25days she never left her baby ,not even to find something (eat！分析：此處表示找到要吃的東西，表示動作尚未進展，故填toeat .例 2 2015 全國卷 Abercrombie &Kent ,a travel pany in Hong

27、Kong ,says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live ) in Shanghaiand Hong Kong .分析；此處表示居住在某某和某某的人們，應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語，people與live間為主動關(guān)系，故填living例 32015全國卷The adobe dwellings (土坯房)61(build ) by thePueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.分析：由謂語動詞are admired可知空格處填非謂語動詞，adobe dwellings 與build 間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞短語作后置定語故填built.4)不定式與動名詞作賓語有些動詞只跟不定式作賓語例如 decided , agree , pretend , promise, hope/wish , mange ,prepare ,plan, refuse ,fail,happen ,ask