英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重難點(diǎn)突破課件

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重難點(diǎn)突破1.不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)；2.不定式的功能：不定式的形容詞性功能、不定式的副 詞性功能、不定式的名詞性功能；3.不定式的省略；4.不定式的否定形式；5.不定式的搭配形式；6.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；7.v-ing分詞名詞性功能；8.v-ing分詞形容詞性功能；9.v-ing分詞副詞性功能；10.過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞一般式的區(qū)別；11.過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)完成式的區(qū)別；12.過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞一般被動(dòng)式的區(qū)別；重難點(diǎn)分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題思路詳解一、兩個(gè)句子必須要用連詞連接，如果沒(méi)有連詞連接，則需要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。例1. _ many times, but Joe still couldnt

2、understand it.A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had been told例2_ many times, Joe still couldnt understand it.A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had told二、不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)-ed形式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用-ing形式，無(wú)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用-ed形式。例3. _ in the mountains for a week,

3、 the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 例4. _, I really believe that Id prefer not to make any change now.A. Considered all the possibilitiesB. Taking all the possibilities into considerationC. Taken all the possibilities into considera

4、tionD. Giving all the possibilities三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作狀語(yǔ)，只作定語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)形式to have done或having done強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。例5. （08重慶卷）29. _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed 例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _ the World Wide Web,

5、 on which all the information is shared by all. A. to have founded B. having founded C. founding D. to found四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示將來(lái)用-to do，表正在進(jìn)行用-ing，表示已經(jīng)完成用-ed。例7. （09安徽卷）The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local cultureAproduced Bbeing producedCto be produced Dhaving been produced例8.（08湖南卷）The

6、 trees _ in the storm have been moved off the road.being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down五、介詞后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加邏輯主語(yǔ)。例9. The discovery of new evidence led to _.A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught例10. 2007 全國(guó)卷II

7、At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close六、-ing形式或to do可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，-ed形式則不可以。例11. _ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Caught B. Having ca

8、ught C. Being caught D. To catch例12 _twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.A. Examining B. Examined C. Being examined D. Having been examined七、be+-ed+介詞結(jié)構(gòu)?？砂裝e去掉保留-ed+介詞做狀語(yǔ)。例13（09重慶卷）Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _with

9、 his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared例14 _ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. A. To faceB. Having faced C. FacedD. Facing八、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和句子主語(yǔ)保持一致，和句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)用-ing形式，構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系是用-ed形式。其邏輯主語(yǔ)和句子主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，要在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。例15（09北京卷） _ twi

10、ce, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten例16.（08安徽卷）30._ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked例17. （04全國(guó)II） While watching te

11、levision, _. A. the doorbell rangB. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings例18. 2007 重慶卷The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished九、不定式做狀語(yǔ)一般有兩種：目的狀語(yǔ)和出乎意料的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)（表示順其自然的結(jié)果

12、用-ing形式）。 另外，某些形容詞（表喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)）做表語(yǔ)后跟不定式可以表示原因。例19（09遼寧卷） , you need to give all you have and try your best.A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner例20.（04福建） The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told例

13、21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _ in the natural light during the day. 2007 天津卷A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let例22.How glad I am _ you!A. seeing B. to seeC. sawD. having seen十、 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定原則是在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to

14、 have done幾種形式。例23（08浙江卷）10. _that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized例24. What worried him most was _ to visit his sick child.A. his being not allowedB. his not being allowedC. his not allowingD. havin

15、g not been allowed例25. Sarah has decided _ away on holiday this summer. A. dont goB. to not go C. not goingD. not to go非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟詳解一、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),辨別“謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)”_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been tol

16、d D.Though he was toldC_A注意連詞3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.is B. to be C. being D.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語(yǔ)，但仍具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語(yǔ)。二、找邏輯主語(yǔ)1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.S

17、he is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，作狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)； 作賓補(bǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是賓語(yǔ)； 作定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被修飾詞。 A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD BEveryth

18、ingthey1._ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _into consideration, they ought to have another chance.三、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)分析語(yǔ)態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語(yǔ)之后，分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語(yǔ)在搭配使用時(shí)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系?！癥ou cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a

19、week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. LosingJane the two students四、分析時(shí)態(tài)1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant.having been built B.to be bu

20、ilt C.being built D. built _C_B_D2. 找邏輯主語(yǔ)3、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)4、分析時(shí)態(tài)1. 辨別“謂與非謂”非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語(yǔ)，析語(yǔ)態(tài)，定時(shí)態(tài)In-classConsolidation當(dāng)堂鞏固練習(xí) 1. A railway station is no place for a child _ alone at night.A. leave B. leaving C. to be leaving D. to be left2. We were warned _ the fish which might give us a slight stomach u

21、pset.A. not to eat B. not eating C. to eat not D. eating not3. _ themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories.A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. To have kept4._ these children _ what you want is a science I can tell you! A. Getting; done B. Get; done C. To get; to do D. Getting; to do5. When youre learning to drive，_ a go