2018年高考英語(yǔ)北師大版一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit6夯實(shí)訓(xùn)練含答案

1、2017高考英語(yǔ)北師大版一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit 6夯實(shí)訓(xùn)練含答案高考題型提能練(六)Unit 6閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirabl

2、e is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (c

3、ool) the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured

4、out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】相比現(xiàn)代化的建筑，簡(jiǎn)陋的土坯房可謂丑陋不堪。但當(dāng)代的建筑師卻對(duì)其情有獨(dú)鐘。短文主要介紹了土坯房能夠調(diào)節(jié)溫度的原理。1built考查過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)dwellings與動(dòng)詞build之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動(dòng)意義的過去分詞。2the考查定冠詞的用法。空格之后為形容詞的最高級(jí)形式，故填定冠詞。3ability考查形容詞與名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞thei

5、r之后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞，故將able轉(zhuǎn)化為其名詞形式。4using考查介詞的用法。介詞without之后的動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞形式。5slowly考查副詞的用法。由土坯制成的墻壁在炎熱的白天吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量并在涼爽的夜間慢慢將熱量釋放出來。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞give out，因此要用副詞形式。6to cool考查固定句式的用法?！靶稳菰~enough動(dòng)詞不定式”為一常用句式。7at考查固定短語(yǔ)的用法。at the same time意為“同時(shí)”，是一個(gè)常用介詞短語(yǔ)。8goes考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。9natural考查形容詞的用法。修飾名詞architect

6、s，故要用形容詞形式。10how考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。所以答案為how。.閱讀理解AIn modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; tha

7、t it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.I have taught many children who held the belief that their selfworth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs. In their

8、 singleminded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly bl

9、ame competition. Among the_most_vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have

10、an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesnt matter because I really didnt try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true c

11、ompetitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that ones selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in c

12、ompetition.文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。文章首先提出論點(diǎn)“現(xiàn)代社會(huì)關(guān)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多爭(zhēng)議”，然后詳細(xì)分析了不同人對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的不同看法。1What does this passage mainly talk about?ACompetition helps to set up selfrespect.BOpinions about competition are different among people.CCompetition is harmful to personal quality development.DFailures are necessary experiences in

13、 competition.答案：B主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章首句“In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.”可知，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)關(guān)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多爭(zhēng)議。下文內(nèi)容圍繞這一點(diǎn)詳細(xì)分析了不同人對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的不同看法，因此這便是文章的中心論點(diǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。2Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?AIt builds up a sense of duty. BIt pushes society forward.CIt improves per

14、sonal abilities. DIt encourages individual efforts.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity.”可知，有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是社會(huì)進(jìn)步和繁榮的動(dòng)力。故B項(xiàng)正確。3The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means _.Athose who try their best to winBthose who value

15、competition most highlyCthose who are against competition most stronglyDthose who rely on others most for success答案：C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，有些人渴望成功，而有些人持相反的態(tài)度。在只注重贏家而不注意普通人的文化價(jià)值觀下，他們強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。其中最直言不諱的就是那些來自父母和社會(huì)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力下掙扎的年輕人。根據(jù)“Among”可知，畫線詞是指上文提到的那些強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人。故C項(xiàng)正確。4What is the similar belief of the true competitor

16、s and those with a “desire to fail”？AOnes worth lies in his performance compared with others.BOnes success in competition needs great efforts.COnes achievement is determined by his particular skills.DOnes success is based on how hard he has tried.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第三、四句“Clearly, this belief is the s

17、ame as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that ones selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others.”可知，A項(xiàng)正確。5Which point of view may the author agree to?AEvery effort should be paid back.BCompetition should be encour

18、aged.CWinning should be a lifeanddeath matter.DFear of failure should be removed in competition.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.”不難看出作者的態(tài)度；只有消除競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中的畏懼心理，我們才能發(fā)現(xiàn)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的意義。故D項(xiàng)正確。B(2016包頭測(cè)評(píng))According to a

19、new US study, couples who expect their children to look after them in old age should hope they have daughters because daughters are twice as attentive as sons overall.The research by Angelina Grigoryeva, from Princeton University, found that, while women provide as much care for their elderly parent

20、s as they can manage, men do as little as they can get away with and often leave it to female family members.Her analysis of the family networks of 26,000 older Americans concluded that gender (性別) is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their eld

21、erly parents.In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care.Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study, a study which has been tracking a

22、 crosssection of over50s for the last decade, she calculated that women provide an average of 12.3 hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only 5.6 hours.“Sons reduce their relative caregiving efforts when they have a sister, while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother

23、.”“This suggests that sons pass on parent caregiving responsibilities to their sisters.”In the UK, the 2011 Census showed that there are now around 6.5 million people with caring responsibilities, a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade.But many are doing so at the risk of their health. The

24、census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a fulltime job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.1.According to the passage, whats the most important factor to predict if peop

25、le will actively care for the elderly?A.Education.B.Gender.C.Career. D.Income.2.The US study finds that _.A.having a sister makes men less likely to look after their parentsB.sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old ageC.sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their par

26、entsD.sons are unwilling to leave caregiving responsibilities to their sisters3.What does the author stress in the last paragraph?A.People should give up their job to care for the elderly.B.Many care providers work longer hours than others.C.Many care providers have potential health problems.D.Peopl

27、e shouldnt pass on caring responsibilities to others.4.The author develops the text by _.A.explaining social networks of careersB.describing peoples experiencesC.comparing different gender behaviorD.analyzing various researches and data1解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“concluded that gender (性別) is one of the mos

28、t important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents”可知，決定人們是否會(huì)主動(dòng)照顧老年人的最主要因素是性別。故選B。2解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知，美國(guó)社會(huì)學(xué)家Angelina Grigoryeva得出結(jié)論，家中有姐妹的男士對(duì)父母的照顧可能會(huì)更少，與A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容一致。故A項(xiàng)正確。3解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段主題句“But many are doing so at the risk of their health.”及下文可知，在最后一段作者著

29、重指出很多護(hù)理提供者都有潛在的健康問題。故選C。4解析：選D寫作手法題。通讀全文可知，作者在第三、五、八段給出了研究的數(shù)據(jù)，接著在相應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)段落的下一段分析得出結(jié)論。由此可推知，本文是以分析各種研究和數(shù)據(jù)得出相關(guān)結(jié)論的寫作手法展開的。故選D。CMr Peter Johnson，aged twentythree，battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water.He took the only escape route

30、through the boot.Mr Johnsons car had ended up in a ditch (溝渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and hit a bank.“Fortunately，the water began to come in only slowly，” Mr Johnson said.“I couldnt force the doors open because they were jammed against the wails of the ditch and dar

31、ed not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”Mr Johnson，a sweet salesman of Sitting Home，Kent，first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn (笛) and hammering on the roof and boot.Then he began his struggle to escape.Later he said，“It was really

32、a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot.I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear，but no help came.”It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat，and a further five minutes to clear the sweet

33、 samples from the boot.Then Mr Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot lock.Fifteen minutes passed by.“It was the only chance I had.Finally_it_gave，but as soon as I moved the boot lid，the water and mud poured in.I forced the lid down into the mud and climbed up clear as the car fil

34、led up.”His hands and arms cut and bruised，Mr Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby.Huddled in a blanket，he said，“That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible，police said last night.The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.1Which of th

35、e following objects is the most important to Mr Johnson?AThe hammer.BThe coin.CThe seat.DThe horn.2We know from the passage that_.AMr Johnsons car stood on its boot as it fell downBMr Johnsons car accident was partly due to the slippery roadCMr Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed th

36、e back seatDMr Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam3“Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that_.Aat last the wrench went brokenBthe chance was lost at the last minuteCthe lock came open after all his effortsDluckily the door was torn away in the end4What is the be

37、st title for this newspaper article?ADriver Escapes through Car BootBThe Story of Mr Johnson，a Sweet SalesmanCThe Driver Survived a Terrible Car AccidentDCar Boot Can Serve as the Best Escape Route【參考答案】閱讀理解語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了Mr Johnson在自己的車意外墜入三英尺深的溝渠后如何自救逃生的故事。1解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Mr Johnson所說的話“It wa

38、s really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket”可知，是一枚硬幣(coin)救了他的命，硬幣對(duì)他極其重要。答案：B2解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Mr Johnsons car had ended up in a ditch (溝渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and hit a bank.”可推知，可能是由于路滑導(dǎo)致了這起事故。答案：B3解析：句意理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Then M

39、r Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot lock.”可知，文中畫線的it指的是“the boot lock”，此處指他打開了鎖。答案：C4解析：標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)對(duì)文章的整體理解和第一段的概述可知，本文主要講的是一位司機(jī)在意外墜入三英尺深的溝渠后如何自救逃生的故事，故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A.任務(wù)型閱讀(2016銀川質(zhì)量檢測(cè))How to Love Your ParentsEven if you think that your parents are meanspirited at times, loving your pa

40、rents is a normal and fulfilling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part a source of who you are. Here are some ways to love your parents.1._ A gentle “good morning” and “I love you” will warm a coldest heart. Remember that they brought you into th

41、is world. Without your parents, you might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world.Respect them more and cherish these moments. You can use these moments to learn from them for when youre off on your own. Its OK to get angry but angry actions dont help you or your parents. Act calmly, c

42、ool off, journal about your feelings, or talk to a friend. 2._ Obey their requests. It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them. It may seem like you are going through hell when you dont get what you want or you have to clean. However, you had better remember they keep a ro

43、of over your head when its cold, raining, snowing, or too hot. Understand that parents are human beings and make mistakes. 3._ Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?Keep company with them. Do things with your parents like watching TV, or go somewhere with them. 4._ Listen

44、to their old stories and learn from them. You will find they are your teachers in this way or another.Some people simply may not be able to love their parents. 5._ Seek help if you are being abused in any way. Parents do not have a right to harm you.A.Forgiveness is the key.B.Tell them you love them

45、 every morning.C.Parents will in turn express their love to you.D.After this, share your feelings with your parents.E.Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.F.Please remember parents are as important as friends.G.There can be realistic reasons for this, family violence for example.完形填空(2016

46、太原學(xué)段測(cè)評(píng))Eyes are a kind of language we use to express ourselves. Through ones eyes, we can _1_ sorrow, happiness or encouragement and many other _2_. Eyes are always one of the fastest and most direct organs to _3_ our thoughts.I still remember an _4_ experience, which happened when I took part in a

47、singing contest at the age of nine. It was the _5_ of my mothers eyes that encouraged me to go for it. I had showed great _6_ in singing before that. But I was too shy to sing in _7_. So one day my mother took me to _8_ up for the singing contest. With my mothers _9_ and encouragement, I was determi

48、ned to meet that _10_. Standing on the stage, I suddenly found I became the _11_ of all the eyes. I got so nervous that I couldnt even _12_ my eyes open. When it was my turn to be introduced to the audience and sing, I became even more _13_. I felt my legs were shaking and my memory seemed _14_， as

49、I couldnt remember anything. Searching for help, I _15_ my mothers eyes which were sparkling with encouragement and strong power. It seemed that they were _16_ to me, “Come on, Baby! Take it easy. Ill _17_ be with you！” I read the message through her eyes and at that moment I _18_ my confidence and

50、began to sing my song. When I came down from the stage, she came up to me and gave me a _19_ hug, saying, “Great! Im proud of you！” At that time, I found her eyes filled with tears of _20_. Sometimes, you see, just the encouraging eyes themselves can make a shy person brave.1.A.feelB.readC.find D.ca

51、use2.A.emotions B.passionsC.expressions D.impressions3.A.rewrite B.rebuildC.reveal D.repeat4.A.unbelievable B.unfairC.unable D.unforgettable5.A.right B.powerC.sense D.sight6.A.interest B.prideC.surprise D.delight7.A.audience B.schoolC.public D.hall8.A.sing B.jogC.join D.sign9.A.cooperation B.company

52、C.comprehension D.conduct10.A.challenge B.difficultyC.change D.discussion11.A.distance B.directionC.focus D.front12.A.have B.makeC.let D.keep13.A.curious B.nervousC.serious D.anxious14.A.gone B.broughtC.missed D.left15.A.turned B.openedC.met D.raised16.A.telling B.passingC.sending D.speaking17.A.usu

53、ally B.alwaysC.almost D.even18.A.regained B.recitedC.received D.returned19.A.sudden B.blankC.big D.suitable20.A.encouragement B.sorrowC.regret D.joy.短文改錯(cuò)(2016南寧市高中畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)I can well remember if I didnt pass the Chinese exam several times in last year. I felt that I was laughed by all the other classmates. My Chinese teacher notices my difficulty, so she gave me any advice and told me to change my attitude. With her help, I tried to face the trouble with the positive attitude. To my surprise, everything changed great. It was not long after I made g