613-英語水平考試-廣東財經(jīng)大學(xué)2022年研究生招生初試自命題試題真題

1、歡迎報考廣東財經(jīng)大學(xué)碩士研究生，祝你考試成功?。ǖ?PAGE 15 頁 共 NUMPAGES 15 頁）PAGE PAGE 15廣東財經(jīng)大學(xué)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試試卷考試年度：2022年 考試科目代碼及名稱：613-英語水平考試(自命題) 適用專業(yè)：050201 英語語言文學(xué)友情提醒：請在考點提供的專用答題紙上答題，答在本卷或草稿紙上無效！Gap Filling 選詞填空（從列表的單詞中選擇合適的詞完成段落/非Cloze選擇填空）（30題，每題1分，共30分）Directions: Fill in the gaps numbered 1 to 30 with appropriate words f

2、rom the word list. There are more words than needed and each word can be used only ONCE. Write down the letters (A to Y) representing the words after the numbers 1 to 30 for each passage on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 20 are based on the following passage.A. butB. hereditaryC. handful

3、D. toolsE. lastedF. formG. placeH. underI. outdatedJ. weakenedK. ultimateL. whileM. subjectsN. survivedO. asP. scaleQ. appliesR. passedS. differT. restsU. responsibleV. circulationW. marketsX. precedingY. distantMonarchy is a (1)_ of government in which authority is held by a single person, a monarc

4、h, whose right to rule is generally (2)_ and lifelong. At the start of the twentieth century, monarchs ruled over most of the world, (3)_ by the middle of the century, only a (4)_ remained. A series of revolutions in the (5)_ centuries had (6)_ the European monarchies, and (7)_ monarchs remained sym

5、bols of national unity, real power had (8)_ to constitutional assemblies. Monarchy (9)_ as a form in Europe only where the king or queen functioned (10)_ the symbolic head of a parliamentary state, as in Britain, the Low Countries, and Scandinavia. It (11)_ longer in the few small states of Asia and

6、 Africa that had never come (12)_ direct colonial rule. By the 1960s, autocratic monarchy had become a(n) (13)_ form of government. Throughout most of the world, people were considered citizens, not (14)_ , and the totality of the people were seen as constituting the state. In most states where mona

7、rchical authority was removed, some form of liberal democracy took its (15)_ . A liberal democracy is a state where political authority (16)_ in the people acting through elected representatives and where an elected executive is (17)_ to the will of the people as a whole. The term (18)_ to a broad g

8、roup of states with a parliamentary or representative political tradition. Liberal democracies (19)_ from the communist states known as peoples democracies, in which the people hold the (20)_ authority.Passage TwoQuestions 21 to 30 are based on the following passage.A. valuesB. privateC. abideD. con

9、cernE. creditF. whileG. designedH. publicI. stolenJ. takenK. sinceL. supportM. reasonsN. pointsO. harmThere are several (21) _ why it is important to adhere to ethical norms in research. First, norms promote the aims of research, such as knowledge, truth, and avoidance of error. For example, prohibi

10、tions against fabricating, falsifying, or misrepresenting research data promote the truth and avoid error. Second, (22) _ research often involves a great deal of cooperation and coordination among many different people in different disciplines and institutions, ethical standards promote the values t

11、hat are essential to collaborative work, such as trust, accountability, mutual respect, and fairness. For example, many ethical norms in research, such as guidelines for authorship, copyright and patenting policies, data sharing policies, and confidentiality rules in peer review, are (23) _ to prote

12、ct intellectual property interests while encouraging collaboration. Most researchers want to receive (24) _ for their contributions and do not want to have their ideas (25) _ or disclosed prematurely. Third, many of the ethical norms help to ensure that researchers can be held accountable to the pub

13、lic. For instance, federal policies on research misconduct, conflicts of interest, the human subjects protections, and animal care and use are necessary in order to make sure that researchers who are funded by (26) _ money can be held accountable to the public. Fourth, ethical norms in research also

14、 help to build public (27) _ for research. People are more likely to fund research project if they can trust the quality and integrity of research. Finally, many of the norms of research promote a variety of other important moral and social (28) _, such as social responsibility, human rights, animal

15、 welfare, compliance with the law, etc. Ethical lapses in research can significantly (29) _ human and animal subjects, students, and the public. For example, a researcher who fabricates data in a clinical trial may harm or even kill patients, and a researcher who fails to (30) _ by regulations and g

16、uidelines relating to radiation or biological safety may jeopardize his health and safety or the health and safety of staff and students.Proofreading and error correction 改錯題 (15題，每題2分，共30分) Over the next decade, as molecular biologists tackle the task of sequence1. _the human genome on a massive sc

17、ale, any number of innovations can be expectedin mapping and sequencing technologies. But several of the center tools of molecular2. _genetics are likely to stay with us. One such tool is the class of DNA-cuttingproteins known as restriction enzymes. These enzymes, the first of them were discovered

18、in the3. _later 1960s, cleave double-stranded DNA molecules at specific recognition sites.4. _The second essential tool of modern molecular genetics is gel electrophoresis, withit is electrophoresis that DNA fragments of different sizes are most often separated.5. _In gel electrophoresis, electrical

19、ly charging macromolecules are caused to migrate6. _through a polymeric gel from the influence of an imposed static electric field.7. _In time the molecules sort themselves by weight, since the smaller ones move more8. _rapidly through the gel than larger ones. A third necessary tool is some mean of

20、 DNA amplification. The classic9. _example is the cloning vector, which may be circular DNA molecules derived from bacteria or from bacteriophages, and artificial chromosomes constructed10. _from yeast or bacterial genomic DNA. The characteristic all these vectors share isthat fragments of foreign D

21、NA can be inserted into these, whereby the inserted DNA11. _is replicated along with the rest of the vector as the host reproduces itself. Another way of amplifying DNA are the polymerase chain reaction, or PCR. This12. _enzymatic replication technique requires that initiators, or PCR primers, are a

22、ttached13. _as short complementary strands at the ends of the separated DNA fragments to bereplicated. Again by again, the strands can be separated and the polymerase reaction14. _repeated so effectively, in fact, DNA can be amplified by 100,000-fold in less than three hours.15. _三、Sentence Completi

23、on 完成句子（根據(jù)提供的詞，用合適的詞的形式完成句子填空） （15題，每題2分，共30分）Directions: Fill in the gaps with the proper forms of the given words in the box. Write down your answers on the Answer Sheet.I made a name for _ and I was on a roll；I couldnt see anything going wrong.(I)The relevant authorities just pay lip service to _

24、 issues.(environment)Our attention to details and commitment to quality _that we supply our customers with clothes that can be relied uponso that you in turn will come to rely upon us.(ensure)They hope to _ the success of other software companies.(emulation)As with all other_, it will require creati

25、ve ingenuity to come up with something that is reasonable, makes sense and motivates the child.(obsess)She tried to get her life back on track after her ten-year _ ended in divorce.(marry)After a few unsuccessful attempts，Jack Ma made a(n) _ return to the worlds largest high-tech trade fair with a c

26、utting-edge facial recognition payment system developed by his company.( triumph)Many working-age _ are overqualified for their positions in the new country.( immigrate)It never _ ones mind that I might lose in the contest.(cross)This week, the agency will announce the results of a financial _assess

27、ment of the factory.( viable)The potential damage to international security and world economy wouldbe _dangerous.( unfathomable)The way in which we work has undergone a complete _in the past decade.( transform)I watch other people in the throes of _ and I dont know how to help.( addict)Now that Chin

28、a is pushing for a change in the system of global governance through the “Belt and Road” initiative, the Chinese and British governments _a future golden era.( vision)15. This question should prompt students to think about the_ dynamics of their own high schools, taking into account racial, ethnic,

29、and economic factors as well as the political and historical contexts in which the students grew up.(society)Reading Comprehension 閱讀理解（30題，每題2分，共60分）Directions: Read the following passages and choose the best answers for the questions numbered 1 to 30. Write down the letter of your choice for each

30、question on the Answer Sheet.Passage One Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The years in Europe were not easy for Dostoevsky. He was beginning The Idiot and collecting impressions for later novels. But he would face great challenges in his financial and emotional lives.The most pers

31、istent challenge would prove to be Dostoevskys addiction to gambling. Dostoevsky was obsessed with games, particularly roulette. In gambling, he found the terrific thrill of staking his fortunes, but he also felt great shame in not being able to stop himself. For Dostoevsky, gambling was high spirit

32、ual drama. In it he found expression of the souls despair and its twin hope for redemption.But gambling was also a source of marital tension. While Anna insisted that she never scolded her husband for his losses, certainly they were a great strain on them both. Dostoevsky, for his part, did not hide

33、 his strain; his losses at the table left him crazy with despair. Dostoevsky lost such large sums that he regularly had to pawn his wifes jewelry generally with no hope of retrieving it.Dostoevskys gambling losses were perhaps chief among the reasons that he stayed in Europe for so long. He simply c

34、ould not afford to make the expensive journey back home. He didnt like Europe in fact, he felt an extreme loathing for the Germans and the Swiss. Though he avoided his fellow countrymen living abroad, finding them irritating, he missed Russia very much.He began to believe more passionately in the su

35、periority of the Russian soul over the European intellect. He quarreled with the great writer (and his former friend) Turgenev, because Turgenev had turned his back on Russia and considered himself a German. Dostoevsky yearned to return to Russia he in fact felt that the future of his writing depend

36、ed on it.On March 5, 1868, when Dostoevsky was in his later forties, his daughter Sonya was born. Perhaps because parenthood had come so late in life, Dostoevsky was an especially attentive father. He was consumed by the tenderness he felt for his child. He found joy in every one of her gestures. Un

37、fortunately, Sonya died in early infancy. On September 14, 1869, Anna gave birth to their second daughter, Lyubov. This child would survive and bring Dostoevsky much happiness. But when Anna became pregnant for a third time, the writer decided that it was, indeed, time to come home. The Dostoevskys

38、scraped together the money by turning to family and friends. Even though he had abused their generosity throughout his gambling bouts, many believed in his talent, and he was able to secure the funds. He arrived in St. Petersburg in the spring of 1871, ready to begin his life as a truly Russian writ

39、er.1. We learn from the passage that Dostoevsky was _.A) a game hunter B) a lucky gamblerC) a Russian novelist D) a famous German writer2. Dostoevsky found in gambling _.A) great spiritual relief B) both great excitement and shameC) the most persistent challenge D) true hope for the future3. Dostoev

40、sky stayed in Europe for a very long time mainly because _.A) he believed in the superior European intellectB) he considered himself a GermanC) he found his fellow countrymen irritatingD) he had no money for the journey back home4. Judging from the context, the quarrel between Dostoevsky and Turgene

41、v was most probably caused by _.A) their difference in attitude towards their countryB) their difference in view towards literary creationC) Dostoevskys addiction to gamblingD) Turgenevs betrayal of his Russian friends5. Why did Dostoevskys relatives and friends give him money for his journey home?A

42、) They were consumed with tenderness for his daughter.B) He had never abused their generosity before.C) They believed he would write masterpieces of literature.D) They had great sympathy for Anna, his wife.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.The disintegration of a marria

43、ge begins from the moment one or both partners first realize that something is wrong and that something should be done about it. The first realization is easier than the second, and in between comes a series of half-truths and rationalizations. Several wives have said, “I know my marriage isnt very

44、good, but probably no marriages are any better.”Many choose to live on in an unhappy situation because they feel the known is safer than the unknown, or because they think they are preserving the family and sacrificing themselves for the children. A good many men hang on because the pride of possess

45、ion outweighs anything else, because the sense of failure would be more unbearable than the present unhappiness.It is only when the unhappiness becomes unbearable that people are willing to think of the alternative. Making the choice is a painful process because it gets down to the lesser of two evi

46、ls, that of staying and that of leaving. Both seem equally bad. Staying means the endless opening of the wounds, the horror of watching oneself and ones mate turn each other into monsters. Leaving is bleak survival, and the terrible feeling of having no one around on whom to blame everything. From h

47、ere on, the only source of reward and punishment is oneself, and wisdom warns that the pasture will never be greener. If there are children, the difficult choice must be made for them, too: whether it will be worse for them to grow up as witnesses to a bad relationship or live with only one parent i

48、n the house.There is no simple answer to this, either, even though it is popularly assumed that the children will necessarily be better off with both parents. And there is always guilt. There is guilt if the two people have mutually decided to part, because they have failed to make a success of the

49、marriage; there is more guilt if there are children, because other lives are being affected; but if one person takes the initiative and clears out, that person will have to pay dearly. It is easier to feel wronged by another person than to carry the burden oneself. We are very low on the ability to

50、take responsibility. We pass the buck. So when the breakup of a marriage seems possible, and the issues begin to take shape in their true gravity, panic frequently sets in. The two people turn back to their old childhood devices as everything else around them fails. They fight; they sulk; they try t

51、o win each other back; they torture each other with knifelike thrusts that land in all the old wounds and weaknesses. Every good quality is turned into a fault. The children are pulled into it and used as pawns for creating more guilt. This can be torture for all.6. One reason why many women stay on

52、 in an unhappy marriage is that _.A) they believe no marriage is perfectB) they are unaware that something is wrongC) they are afraid of the unknownD) they depend on their husbands for a living7. Many men hang on to an unhappy marriage because _.A) they are unable to admit failure B) they want to pr

53、eserve the familyC) they want their children well cared for D) they view their wives as their pride8. It is a general belief that children _.A) will fare better with both parents taking care of themB) would rather see their parents divorce than torture each otherC) will panic when they see their par

54、ents leave each otherD) pay a heavy price when their parents marriage hits the rocks9. By “We pass the buck” (Last line, Para. 4), the author most probably means that “_.”A) Wed rather be wronged than wrong othersB) We are unwilling to end a marriageC) We feel guilt in asking for a divorceD) We refu

55、se to accept responsibility10. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that when their marriage is on the verge of breakup, people _.A) tend to resort to violence B) behave in an irrational wayC) turn their strengths into weaknesses D) are likely to torture their childrenPassage Three Questions 1

56、1 to 15 are based on the following passage.It is a sad fact that from early childhood we are tyrannised by the moral myth that it is right, proper and good to leap out of bed the moment we wake in order to set about some useful work as quickly and cheerfully as possible. My own personal guilt about

57、feeling physically incapable of rising early in the morning continued well into my 20s.As a student, I developed complex alarm systems. I bought a timer plug and set it to turn on my coffee maker and also the record player, on which I had placed my loudest record. 7:50 am was the allotted time. The

58、cheering and whooping would wake me, and Id know I had only a few seconds to leap out of bed and turn down the volume before Dee Dee Ramone would grunt One two three four and my housemates and I would be assaulted by the opening chords of Rockaway Beach. The idea was that I would then drink the coff

59、ee and jolt my body into wakefulness. It half worked. When I heard the crowd noise, I would leap out of bed and totter for a moment. But what happened then, of course, was that I would turn the volume right down, ignore the coffee and climb back to the snuggly, warm embrace of my duvet.For all moder

60、n societys promises of leisure, liberty and doing what you want, most of us are still slaves to a schedule we did not choose. Why have things come to such a pass? Well, the forces of the anti-idle have been at work since the fall of man. The propaganda against oversleeping goes back a very long way,