語法（講義）外研版（三起）英語六年級下冊

1、小學(xué)英語語法基本語法知識概念一、.英語中的句子結(jié)構(gòu): 主謂(賓) 、 主系表、 祈使句1主語 + 謂語 + (賓語) （簡稱：主謂、主謂賓）主語：做主語的詞有名詞和代詞謂語：謂語中包含有動詞和時態(tài) 賓語：作賓語的詞有名詞和代詞賓格 及物動詞：及物動詞 + 人/物 動詞 + 賓語 （背熟：動賓 即：動詞后跟賓語） E.g：play basketball like him They plant trees. 動 賓 動 賓 主 謂 賓不及物動詞：不及物動詞后不能跟人或物2主語 + 系動詞 + 表語 （簡稱：主系表）系動詞：系動詞指的是be ；be的一般現(xiàn)在時am , is , are ; be的過

2、去式was , were 我用am,你用are, is用于她、他、它；單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。 I和第三人稱單數(shù)用was，其他人稱用were 表語：做表語的詞有形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞短語；+ly構(gòu)成的副詞不能作表語；作表語的副詞常見的有up, down , out , in (在里面, 進(jìn)入里面, 在家), on (繼續(xù), 進(jìn)行, 上演, 燈亮著), away, off , here, there, backE.g：She is tall. She is a nurse. She is in the classroom. 主系表 主 系 表 主 系 表3祈使句祈使句用來表示下達(dá)命

3、令、要求、建議和勸告的提出。說話的對象通常是第二人稱you ,習(xí)慣上常省略。祈使句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：動詞原形（簡稱：動原）+否定句： Dont/Never）+ E.g: . Climb the tree ,please. 請爬樹。（肯定句) Dont climb the tree 不要爬樹?。ǚ穸ň洌? Open the door 打開門。（肯定句） Dont open the door. 不要開門。（否定句）二、 限定詞限定詞是在名詞短語中對名詞中心詞起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一類詞。限定詞總是位于名詞中心詞之前。最常見的有冠詞:a(n)，the指示代詞:this，that，th

4、ese，those形容詞性物主代詞:my ，your ，his ，her ，our etcE.g：a / the / this / that / my book the / my / these / those books三、介詞短語 介詞短語是介詞和其它代詞或名詞或詞組搭配形成的短語最基本的結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞+限定詞+名詞 E.g： in our class, on the playground, 介 賓 介 賓 （背熟：介賓 即：介詞后跟賓語）四、時間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語1. 地點(diǎn)狀語：只要該詞能譯成“在/到/從.地方”那么該詞在句子中做地點(diǎn)狀語，做地點(diǎn)狀語的常見的有介詞短語和副詞 E.g. 介詞短語:

5、 in Shanghai to Shanghai from ShanghaiHe studies English in Shanghai 副詞: here there upstairs abroad home He is doing his homework there2. 時間狀語：只要該詞能譯成“在/到/從.時間”那么該詞在句子中做時間狀語，做地點(diǎn)狀語的常見的有介詞短語和副詞E.g. 介詞短語：on Saturday at six副詞：yesterday ,tomorrow ,then, now, since特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：last week , next year , this morning

6、 , yesterday morning He is playing at six. He played basketball yesterday.五、熟記以下概念1. 副詞修飾形容詞/副詞/動詞/句子，做狀語She is very beautiful.(副詞放形容詞前）She runs fast（副詞在動詞后）She runs very fast（副詞在副詞前）Luckily, I met him last year（副詞放句子前）2. 形容詞用來說明人或事物的性質(zhì)特征狀態(tài)，它常放在be動詞后作表語，名詞前作定語。 E.g. The door is open.（be動詞后作表語） a bea

7、utiful girl.（名詞前作定語）3. 介詞+名詞/代詞賓格/doingI am interested in studying English.4. 做主語的詞有名詞/代詞/ to do /doing(to do和doing做主語謂語用單數(shù))To swim with you was very enjoyable . Walking is good for your health.to do和doing可以作表語Our job is playing all kinds of music.My wish is to be a doctor. 名詞篇概念：表示事物名稱的詞形式：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)

8、名詞可數(shù)名詞有數(shù)量上的區(qū)別，即單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞無數(shù)量上的區(qū)別，當(dāng)做單數(shù)使用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：情況變化例詞 讀音一般情況下名詞后面加上smapmaps，bagbagswindowwindows清輔音后讀 s濁輔音后讀z元音后讀 z以 s， x, sh,ch 結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加esclassclassesboxboxesmatchmatchesbrush brushes詞尾讀音 iz 以“輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為 i 加es.storystories詞尾讀音 iz 以o結(jié)尾的詞詞尾加s, 但個別加estomatotomatoespotatopotatoeszoozoosphot

9、ophotos以f或 fe 結(jié)尾的詞多數(shù)變f或 fe 為 ves.leafleaves knife knives詞尾讀音 vz .不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化man men tooth teeth child children mouse mice foot feet woman women . 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣sheep sheep deer deer English English Chinese Chinese 名詞所有格的構(gòu)成法主要是在詞尾加 s 構(gòu)成。如: Toms desk 湯姆的書桌。 Mikes book 那是邁克的書。如果原名詞已經(jīng)有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s ,則僅加一個 . 如:the tea

10、chers reading room 教師閱覽室 the pupils pencil-boxes 學(xué)生們的文具盒如果原詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但不是以s 結(jié)尾，變?yōu)樗懈裥问叫柙诤竺婕?上 s 。如： the childrens palace 少年宮 mens room 男廁所專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、名詞變復(fù)數(shù)1. cityhousesheepwatch6. tomatochildwifepotatotoothfootglassradioplaydaybabydresszoolifestoryleaf二、漢譯英1. Tom的足球 _ 2. 老師們的自行車_3. 學(xué)生們的課桌 _ _4. 哥哥的文具盒_ _ _ _

11、 5. 姑姑的卡片_ 6. 猴子們的香蕉_7. 貓的名字_ 8. 媽媽的包_9. 姐姐的連衣裙_ 10. 自行車的顏色_三、選擇題( ) 1. I can see three _ in the zoo. A. monkeys B. monkeys C. monkey D. monkeies ( ) 2. The pig has four _.foot B. feet C. foots D. feets( ) 3. My two brothers are both _.policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens ( ) 4. There

12、are four _ in the class.A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japan D. Japans( ) 5. I can see ten _ in the picture.A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. chicken( ) 6. The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread( ) 7. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six

13、boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples( ) 8. There some in the river. A. is , fish B. are , fishs C. is , fishs D. are , fish( ) 9. There two in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches( ) 10. We should(應(yīng)該） clean twice（兩次） a day. A . our tooth B. our tooths C

14、. teeth D. our teeth四、改錯（圈出錯處，在橫線上改正過來）1. There are some butterflys on the table._2. This is Alice dress._3. I like tomato very much._4. Two man are next to a tall tree._5. My mother has two child. _五、將下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。1. This dog is brown._.2. There is a book and a pen on the table._.3. That woman is a t

15、eacher._.4. The boy is Lazy._5. That girl is very beautiful._能力測試卷將下列名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。planebabybusknifetreestoryboxsheepmonthphotoclasstoothappleradiowatchChinesefoxtomatodaychildwomanlifeboyEnglish二、判斷正誤，并改正錯句，正確的打“”1. The house is my brother.2. He has visited many country.3. They are Englishs.4. This is T

16、om red bike.5. Peter has eight foot.三、選擇填空( ) 1. There are two _ in the room. A.Chinese B. Englishman( ) 2. The old man will have_ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth( ) 3. _are soid in this bookstore, A. Childrens books B. Children books( ) 4. Some friends of_ will come here. A.Johns B. John( ) 5. Can

17、you give me_? A.some papers B. a piece of paper( ) 6. The _ has three_. A. boys, watches B. boy, watches( ) 7. Can you see _on the plate? A. bread B. breads ( ) 8. The girl brushes her_ before she goes to bed. A. teeth B. tooths ( ) 9. Mr Black often drink some _. A. milk B. milks ( ) 10. There are

18、some _ on the floor. A. child B. books四、將下列句子變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。1. This sheep is white._2. There is a desk and a chair in the room._3. That man is a doctor._4. I have a toy in my bedroom._5. Michael likes the mouse._代詞篇一、人稱代詞1. 定義：誰（你、我、他、你們、我們、他們）2. 分類：主格和賓格3. 用法：. 用于指代人、物或事的詞. 人稱代詞主格用在句首作主語。She is sitting in

19、a bus.人稱代詞賓格在動詞后作賓語。I like them.人稱代詞賓格在介詞后作賓語。I cant write with it.4. 歸納和總結(jié)：人稱類別第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞myouryouryourhis , her , itstheir名詞性物主代詞mineoursyoursyourshis , hers , itstheirs主格Iweyouyouhe , she , itthey賓格meusyouyouhim , her , itthem備注：只要能被she，he，it替換的都叫第三人稱單數(shù)人稱代詞后的be動詞的用法我用am，你用are

20、, is用于她、他、它；單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。人稱代詞的排列順序人稱代詞并列使用時，通常把對方你放前面，把自己放最后E.g. you and I; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I二、物主代詞1. 定義：誰的（你的、我的、他的、你們的、我們、他們的）2. 分類：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞3. 用法：名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞 E.g. Whose coat is this? 這是誰的上衣?Its hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、填寫下列表格。我我們你（們）她他它他們主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞

21、名詞性物主代詞二、在下面的題目中填上恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動詞。1. I _from Australia.2. She _ a student.3. Jane and Tom _my friends.4. My parents _very busy every day. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old. 三、用名詞性物主代詞改寫下列句子E.g. This is my book. The book is mine.1. That is her ruler. _2. These are their footballs. _3. This is his backpack. _4.

22、 Those are your boxes. _5.The bikes are our bikes _ 四、根據(jù)題意，用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Mary is a friend of_ (I)2. This is_ (she) ruler. _(you) is in the bag.3. I love _（they）very much.4. She is_（I）classmate.5. Miss Li often looks after_（she）brother.6. Are these _（they）bags ？No, they arent _（their）. They are _（we

23、）7. This is_ (he) book. That book is_ (I).8. _（他們）are friendly to_（你們）.9. Does_（他）give_(它) to_(她)？10. _（他）does_(他的) homework on Sunday.五、選擇題( ) 1. Heres a postcard for you,Jim! Oh,_ is from my friend,Amy. A.heB. itsC. itD. he( ) 2.Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _ away. A. theyB. t

24、hemC. theirD. theirs( ) 3. _ English teacher is Mrs.Green. We all like _. A.We , sheB.Us , her C.We , herD.Our, her( ) 4.Tom cant find his book, can you help_?A.him B.his C.he D.Her( ) 5. My uncle bought a new bike for _ .A.heB.hisC.ID.him 能力測試卷一、幫下面的好朋友團(tuán)(連線）我I 他they我的your她her你（們）my她的she你（們）的our他的hi

25、s我們you他們their我們的we他們的he填空 1._is a teacher. (她) 2. _.is a good boy. (他)3. _is in the classroom (它)4. _ are very smart today. (你)5. _(你們) are students.6. Jim is English. _ (I) like playing with _(he).7. I love _（they）very much.8. Miss Li often looks after_（she）.9. They are waiting for_（they）.10. Do yo

26、u like Li Ming? No, _(I) dont like _(he).三、選擇( ) 1. Your book is not so old as_. A. him B. he C. his D. she( ) 2. _ book is it? Its_.A. Whose , her B. Whose , hers C. Who , hers D. Whom , her( ) 3. He is a friend of_. A.our B.us C. my D. mine( ) 4. She is a student, _ name is Lily. A. its B. her C.

27、hers D. his( ) 5._ piano is too old, but she likes playing it.A. shes B. She C. Her D. hers ( ) 6.Where is _ new toy? I cant find it.A. you B. your C. yours D. mine( ) 7. Let _ begin _ class. A. us , us B. we , us C. we , our D. us , our ( ) 8. These shoes arent _. They are _.A. is , you B. his , he

28、r C. his; mine D. yours; her ( ) 9.Myuncleboughtanewbikefor_. A.theirs B.they C.me D.I( ) 10.This is your book. Where is _?A. mine B.my C.I D.Im四、改錯1.Your are they teachers. _ 2.This is mine teddy bear(玩具熊）. _ 3. These are ours bags. _ 4. These is their teachers. _ 5. He visited many country._冠詞篇1.定

29、義：冠詞置于名詞之前,說明名詞所表示的人或事物的詞。2.分類：不定冠詞和定冠詞3.用法：. 不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式,其中a用在以輔音音素（音標(biāo)）開頭的詞前面，an用在以輔元音素（音標(biāo)）開頭的詞前面，不定冠詞指人或事物的某一種類，表示“一個”，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量。 E.g. a desk , a tree an apple , an hour , an English book. a useful book 字母f,l,m,n,s,x,h,r讀音都是元音開頭的。一個f,要說an f. 定冠詞只是一種形式the，在輔音前讀，在元音前讀i用定冠詞的情況 用來表示“獨(dú)一無二”的意思。 The sun r

30、ises in the east and sets in the west.表示“說話的人剛剛提到過的人或事物”。 There is a boat in the river. The boat is made of wood.在泛指的樂器名詞前和固定搭配里 He plays the piano. on the left go to the cinema(電影院）. 不用冠詞的情況在名詞前已有this, that, my, your等詞時。my book在星期和月份的名詞前。 in September on Friday在體育項(xiàng)目的名詞前。play basketball在一日三餐的名詞前。Com

31、e to have dinner/breakfast with me.在語言名詞前。She can speak French.在季節(jié)、節(jié)日的名詞前。Winter is the best time for skating.專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題填空填寫a/an填寫the或者 /填寫a/an填寫the或者 / map of Chinain_ China _hour have _breakfast_elephanton_ foot_pilotlisten to_ radio _eggon_ right_old lady play _basketball_ long noseby_ship_ horsego to

32、 _cinema_ English girlat_ night_ umbrellawatch _TV_ Chinese girlin_world_ deskenjoy moon二、選擇填空( ) 1. There is _m in the word primary A. an B. a C. the D. /( ) 2. This is _ orange bike. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 3. It always takes us half _hour to have_long walk after supper.(晚飯）A. a , a B, a , the C

33、. an , a D. an , the( ) 4. English is_ useful language in_ world. A. an , the B. a , the C. the , / D ./ , the( ) 5. We are going to _ cinema this evening. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 6. He was_first to come. A. the B. a C. the D. /( ) 7. Do you see_ book on _table? A. the , a B. a , an C. an , an D. a ,

34、 the( ) 8. Wheres _ desk? Its in _ middle of the room.A. / , / B. / , a C. a , / D. the , the( ) 9. He is _friend of mine. A. an B. / C. the D. a( ) 10. I have_ book. Its_ interesting one. I like reading_ books very much.A. a , an , / B. a , / , the C. an , an , the D. /, an , /( ) 11. Today is _Chi

35、ldrens Day. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 12. This is_ bag. That is_ eraser.A. a , a B. a , an C. an , a D.an , an( ) 13. David usually takes _ walk for an hour after dinner.A. a B .an C. the D. /( ) 14. All of_ books here are Chinese.A. the B. / C. those D. that( ) 15. There is a map on _ left of the pict

36、ure.A. the B. / C. a D. an能力測試卷一、填空填寫a/an填寫the或者 /填寫a/an填寫the或者 / useful animalin_ morning_ cattake_ taxi _friend of mineon wall _nurseplay _ piano_interesting bookin_hospital_ orangego to _school hourat_home_applehave lunch_American girlby_ bike_ artistgo to _bed_ exciting jobat _age of six_eggplay

37、 volleyball 二、選擇填空( ) 1. _September is the ninth month of a year. A. A B. An C. The D. /( ) 2. After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _ school A. / , / B. a , / C. the , the D. the , /( ) 3. He is a student of_.A. class First B. the class one C. Class One D. First Class( ) 4. _Smarts can not pay for _

38、 color TV set.A. The, a B. / , the C. /, a D. The , /( ) 5. Mrs Smith is _ friend of _A. the , mine B. a , me C. the , my D. a , mine( ) 6. _Chinais_oldcountrywith_longhistory .A.The ,an ,a B.The ,a ,a C./ ,an ,the D./ ,an ,a( ) 7. People often go to swim in_ summer.A. / B. a C. an D. the( ) 8. She

39、saw_English film last Sunday. But she can not remember_ name of _ film.A. an , a , a B. a , the , a C. an , the , a D. an , the , the( ) 9. There is_ old man under_ tree. A. An , the B. the , a C. a , the D. an , /( ) 10. _ girl in _ Grade（年級）Three is _ tallest in our school.A. The , the , the B. A

40、, a , a C. The , / , the D. A , / , a( ) 11. _book is very useful. I bought it from_ unknown little town.A. A , a B. The , a C. A , an D. The , an( ) 12. Tuesday is_ third day of the week. A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 13. Dont you know _ girl under the tree? Shes Mary. A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 14. I l

41、ike music, but I dont like _ music of this film. A. a B. an C . the D. /( ) 15. My mother had_ fever, so I had to look after her.A. a B. the C. / D. this數(shù)詞篇定義：是用來表示事物的數(shù)目和順序的詞分類：基數(shù)與序數(shù)用法：數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。表示多少的詞叫做基數(shù)詞。表示 第幾的詞叫做序數(shù)詞。表示形式： . 基數(shù)詞：110：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten1119：eleven，

42、twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen 從 2199 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty為特 殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其個位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。表示幾十幾時，在幾十和 HYPERLINK /s?q=%E4%B8%AA%E4%BD%8D&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn t /q/_blank 個位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-” e.g. 21 twen

43、ty-one 76 seventy-six 百位數(shù)個數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”，表示幾百，在幾十幾與百位間加上and e.g. 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty . 序數(shù)詞：第一 first 縮寫1st , 第二 second 縮寫2nd , 第三 third 縮寫3rd 第21 , 22 , 23等同上從第5到第19都是在基數(shù)詞后加th，縮寫為基數(shù)詞+th , 以下幾個稍有變化第5 fifth , 5th ； 第8 eighth , 8th ；第9 ninth , 9th ； 第12 twelfth ，12th 第25

44、 , 26 , 27等同上第20 , 30 , 40等的序數(shù)詞是把基數(shù)詞的ty變成tieth 序數(shù)詞前面須加上定冠詞the或形容詞性物主代詞或名詞s E.g. the first book ，my first book ，Kate first book專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、 寫出下列基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞及序數(shù)詞簡寫.基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞簡寫基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞簡寫基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞簡寫19192101431120412215153261743二、根據(jù)句子意思填空。1. Childrens Day（兒童節(jié)） is on the day of June（六月）.2. There are months（月）in a year(年).3

45、. Teachers Day(教師節(jié)) is on the of September（九月）.4. Three plus(加) six is .三、選擇填空。( ) 1. My cousins birthday in on the of October. A. three B. first C. the second( ) 2. Whats the date today? Its of April. A. twelfth B. the 12th C. 12th( ) 3. There are days in a week. A. the seven B. seventh C. the seve

46、nth D. seven( ) 4.Sunday is the day of a week. A. one B. first C. second( ) 5. Twenty-eight minus(減)six is . A. the twenty- second B. twenty-two C. twenty- second( ) 6. Four plus(加) is twelve. A. seven B. eight C. nine( ) 7. May is the month of the year.A. five B. fifth C. six ( ) 8. There are so ma

47、ny new words in the (二十九) lesson . A . twenty-nine B. twenty-nineth C. twenty-ninth ( ) 9. January is the month of the year .A .one B. oneth C. first ( ) 10. The Yellow River is the longest river in China. A. two B. second C. twoth ( ) 11. Sunday is the_ day of the week.A. seventh B. first C. second

48、 ( ) 12. Autumn（秋天） is_season in a year.A. the fourth B. the third C. a third ( ) 13. Tom was_to get to school and I was_A. first , ninth B. the first , the ninth C. a first , a ninth ( ) 14. Whats the date（日期） today? Its_. A. Friday B. cloudy D. June 4th( ) 15. Monday is the second day,and_.A. Tues

49、day is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifth C. the second is Tuesday 能力測試卷一、寫出下列詞的適當(dāng)形式。完整形式基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞縮寫3rd11fivesecond4th90ninefirst21st8fourtenth32nd12eightseventieth9th15twenty thirty-six選擇填空( ) 1. How old are you?Im _A. fourteen B. fourteenth C. 14 th( ) 2. The bedroom is on the _ floor.A. three B. th

50、reeth C. third( ) 3. How many apples do you have? I have _A. eight B. eightth C. eighth( ) 4. There are _ living rooms in the house.A. second B. two C. twelfth( ) 5. Please turn to _. A. Page 11 B. the 11st page C. page 11 ( ) 6.There are _ students in our school. A. four-hundred and forty-five B. f

51、our hundred and forty-five C. four hundreds and forty-five ( ) 7. May is _ of a year. A. the fifth months B. the fifth month C. the five month ( ) 8. Mr Smith stayed in _ last night. A. Room 403 B. the Room 403 C. the 403 room ( ) 9. December the _ is Christmas. A. twenty-five B. twenty-fifth C. twe

52、ntieth-five ( ) 10. March the _ is Womens Day. A. eighth B. ninth C. tenth ( ) 11.There are_days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five ( ) 12. There are_students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty

53、 sixC. eight hundred and forty-six ( ) 13. My brother is in_.A. Three Class , One Grade B. Class Three , Grade One C. Grade One , Class Three ( ) 14. He was doing some washing_.A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eight C. yesterday morning at eight ( ) 15.There are_months in a year. D

54、ecember is the_month of the year.A. Twelve , twelve B. twelve , twelfth C. twelfth , twelve 時態(tài)篇一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時的功能表示事物或人的特征、狀態(tài)The sky is blue.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動作I get up at six every day.表示客觀事實(shí)The earth goes around the sun.一般現(xiàn)在時的句子構(gòu)成: 主語+系動詞（be動詞）+表語 （簡稱：主系表）肯定句 主語+am/is/are+表語+She is a nurse.否定句主語am not/isnt/are

55、nt +表語+ She isnt a nurse一般疑問句Am/Is/Are主語+表語+? Is she a nurse?肯定回答Yes，主語+am/is/are Yes，she is.否定回答No，主語+am not/isnt/arent No，she isnt.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+am/is/are+表語+?Where is she a nurse?備注: be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時：我用am,你用are, is用于她、他、它；單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。作表語的詞：形容詞、名詞、介詞短語 is not =isnt are not =arent .主語+謂語+(賓語) （簡稱：主謂賓）

56、主語（非第三人稱單數(shù)）主語（第三人稱單數(shù)he.she.it）肯定句主語+動原+主語+動詞（詞尾加s或es)+They study English on Friday.He studies English on Friday.否定句 主語+dont+動原+ 主語+doesnt+動原+They dont study English. He doesnt study English on.一般疑問句Do+主語+動原+?Does+主語+動原+?Do they study English ?Does he study English ?肯定回答Yes，主語+ do Yes，主語+ does Yes，th

57、ey do.Yes，he does.否定回答No，主語+ dont No，主語+ doesnt No，they dont No,he doesnt 特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+do+主語+動原+?特殊疑問詞+does+主語+動原+?When do they study English?When does he study English?備注：謂語里必須有實(shí)義動詞。比如：跑run 跳jump 笑smile哭cryVt(及物動詞)+人/物 (念熟：動賓)動詞 賓語動詞原形簡稱動原只要能被she，he，it替換的都叫三人稱單數(shù)常見的時間狀語：every often always usually some

58、times 特殊疑問詞：what/how/who/how many/which等第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：情況變化例詞一般情況下動詞后面加上sworkworksreadreadsgetgets清輔音后讀 s濁輔音后讀z元音后讀 z以 s，x, sh,ch ,o結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加esgogoesteachteacheswatchwatchesbrushbrushes詞尾讀音 iz 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為 i 加es.studystudies詞尾讀音 iz 注意.have第三人稱單數(shù)是has, be動詞第三人稱單數(shù)是is專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式gostopwritebuy

59、havedoplaygiveswimrideflywatchstudycryreadcarryfinishgocomework二、用am, is ,are填空1. This an interesting book.That _ a CD.2. I a clever boy.She_a good girl. It _a desk.3. You a good teacher.4. These their books.5. He and I good friends.三、用下列動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I_(get) up at 6 oclock every day.2. My mother _(ha

60、ve) beautiful hair.3. He_(go) to school on foot.4. She_(do) not like watching TV.5. They_(play) football every Sunday afternoon.6. We often_(play) in the playground.7. He _(do) his homework on Friday.8. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.9. What _(do) he usually_ (do) after school?10. Danny _(st