基礎(chǔ)綜合英語(研究生)Unit5[通用]

1、mainUnit 5 Success and HappinessPartA_ Lead-in1Pre-listeningListeningWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationYou will hear a talk about the secret of success with a good case in point. Before listening, try to figure out the point and the good example with the help of the following key words and p

2、hrases selected from the talk. Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Lead-in2Pre-listeningListeningWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationKey Words and PhrasesSecret of SuccessA Case in Pointreach your dreampull aheadlifelong commitmentthe pursuit of excellencemarathonraise the barpersisten

3、ceprolific inventorphotographmicrophone incandescent electric lampstorage battery25,000 times experiments24,999 times failurePart APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Word BuildingWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningMatch each of the words and expressions in the left co

4、lumn with its meaning in the right. Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a Choice1. prolific2. bask3. pitfall4. sprint 5. complacent 6. oblivion7. parlance 8. wane 9. trait10. sidetrack 11. to the hilt12. feed offPartA_ Word BuildingWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningA. complete

5、lyB. unexpected danger or difficultyC. (fig.) enjoy; enjoy warmth and light D. state of being forgottenE. calmly satisfied with oneself, ones work, etc.F. to run of a short distance at full speedG. to weaken in strength or influenceH. particular way of speaking or use of words, phraseologyI. (esp. p

6、assive) divert (sb.) from the main topic or issueJ. element is sb.s personality; distinguishing characteristicK. to increaseL. (of a writer or artist, etc.) producing many worksPart APart BPart CSuccess Is a Choice多產(chǎn)的；眾多的 取暖；享樂圈套；誘惑 全速短跑 自滿的 遺忘；淹沒 腔調(diào)，說法 衰退；衰退期 特點轉(zhuǎn)移目標,次要地位 完全地，徹底地 依靠提供的東西維持（生活） 1. Sh

7、akespeare was a writer.2. The old people always themselves in the sun.3. This text presents many for the translator.4. He past the other runners just before reaching the tape.5. We must not be about our achievements; there is still a lot to be done.6. Alcoholics often suffer from periods of .7. The

8、term “meta directory” came into industry two years ago.8. Her enthusiasm for the expedition was rapidly.9. I was from my work by an unexpected visitor.PartA_ Word BuildingWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningbaskFill in the following blanks with the previous words._prolifi

9、c_Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a Choicepitfalls _sprinted_complacent_oblivion_waning _parlance_sidetracked_PartA_ Background InformationWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningThomas Edison (1847-1931) He was a poor student. When a schoolmaster called him “addled”, his furious mother

10、took him out of the school and proceeded to teach him at home. Thomas Edison said many years later, “My mother was the making of me. She was so true, so sure of me, and I felt I had something to live for, someone I must not disappoint.” At an early age, he showed a fascination for mechanical things

11、and for chemical experiments. ListeningPart APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Background InformationWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listening Born on February 11, 1847 in Milan, Ohio; the seventh and last child of Samuel and Nancy Edison. When he was seven his family moved to Port

12、 Huron, Michigan and Edison lived there until he struck out on his own at the age of sixteen. He had very little formal education as a child, attending school only for a few months. He was taught reading, writing, and arithmetic by his mother, but was always a very curious child and taught himself m

13、uch by reading on his own. This belief in self-improvement remained throughout his life. But not everything Thomas Edison created was a success he also had a few failures.ListeningPart APart BPart CSuccess Is a Choice a, b, f. PartA_ Listening1Pre-listeningListeningListen to the talk. Choose from th

14、e following options the points the speaker might agree with. Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a Choicea.Persistence is the secret of final success. b.Anybody can be great and perform completely for a short time. c.People should be content with their success and enjoy it.d.Talented people are never going

15、 to drift. e. People who are constantly changing their careers are likely to succeed. f.People should not remain in their comfort zone.Main points:_PartA_ Listening3Listen to the talk again and complete the answers to the following questions.Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CSuccess Is a Choic

16、e1)What does the speaker try to tell us by citing the example of Thomas Edison?It is a good example of .2)According to the speaker, what kind of people will ultimately pull ahead and wind up on top?They are the ones who . They keep , not becoming by success.3)According to the speaker, how do those p

17、eople who finally succeed think about the pursuit of excellence?They understand that the pursuit of excellence is a , not a . persistence_raising the bar_discouraged by pitfalls or complacent_marathon_sprint_make personal excellence a lifelong commitment_PartA_ Listening44)In sports jargon, what doe

18、s persistence mean?Persistence means . 5)According to the speaker, what often happens to the talented people who never seem to reach their potential?These people often have , then seem to .6)According to the speaker, what will happen to people who are constantly changing careers?They become about th

19、eir new job and feed off the momentum for a while to perform well. But when this and they realize they arent to the job in the long term, their success and they .great early success_hanging in the game, not tossing in the towel, refusing to quit_Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CSuccess Is a C

20、hoiceenthusiastic_newness wears off _incredibly _committed to sticking _begins to wane _start to fail_fade into oblivion_PartA_ Listening-spritPre-listeningListeningAfter youve started to master the techniques, the real struggle is just beginning. Its persistence that makes you great. Its persistenc

21、e that allows you to reach your dreams. Its persistence that enables you to perform at your fullest potential. There might be no better example of persistence than Thomas Edison. A prolific inventor, Edison received about 1,000 patents in his lifetime, including those for the photograph, microphone,

22、 and the incandescent electric lamp. He certainly had more than his share of great victories along the way. But think of how many failures Edison had, literally thousands. To his great credit, though, Edison didnt see them as such. When reminded that he had failed something like 25,000 times while e

23、xperimenting with the storage battery, Edison supposedly responded by saying, “No, I didnt fail. I discovered 24,999 ways that the storage battery does not work.”Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Listening-spritPre-listeningListening What a marvelous look. An outlook we all can learn somet

24、hing from. The thing to remember is that anybody can be great and perform to the hilt for a day, a week, even a month. We know people in all walks of life who get on a great roll, ride the adrenaline high, and wonderful things begin to happen. Then all too often, they begin to feel content. Theyve m

25、ade a change, right? Theyve become more successful, right? So why not relax and enjoy it, bask for a moment in the newfound success? But the people who will ultimately pull ahead and wind up on top are the ones who make personal excellence a lifelong commitment. These are the people who go after it

26、day after day. They keep raising the bar, not becoming discouraged by pitfalls or complacent by success. They understand that the pursuit of excellence is a marathon, not a sprint. The dictionary says persistence is refusing to give up, or let go. Persevering obstinately. Continuing despite oppositi

27、on. In sports parlance, persistence means hanging in the game, not tossing in the towel, refusing to quit. In life, its the same thing. Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Listening-spritPre-listeningListening The persistent person raises the bar to seemingly unreachable heights, and then es

28、tablishes the methods necessary to reach those heights. The persistent person knows that letting up will only get him back to the starting point. We all know talented people who never seem to reach their potential. These people often have great early success, then seem to fade into oblivion. Those w

29、ho lack persistence start out with the best intentions, but they eventually drift. This trait is quite characteristic, for example, of people who are constantly changing careers. They become enthusiastic about their new job and feed off this momentum for a while to perform well. But when this newnes

30、s wears off and they realize they arent incredibly committed to sticking to that job in the long term, their success begins to wane and they start to fail. Why?Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Listening-spritPre-listeningListening Because they are not persistent. They get sidetracked, or

31、they get distracted. They might have everything else going for them. A strong work ethic, the right methods, all the best intentions. But they dont have persistence. We all know talented people who seem reluctant to take the extra step that can make them great at what they do. Like the employee who

32、does everything thats asked of her, yet everyone knows that she could do more if she only pushed herself a little harder: such people find their comfort zone and are content to remain there.Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Listening-sprit2Pre-listeningListeningAfter youve started to maste

33、r the techniques, the real struggle is just beginning. Its persistence that makes you great. Its persistence that allows you to reach your dreams. Its persistence that enables you to perform at your fullest potential. There might be no better example of persistence than Thomas Edison. A prolific inv

34、entor, Edison received about 1,000 patents in his lifetime, including those for the photograph, microphone, and the incandescent electric lamp. He certainly had more than his share of great victories along the way. But think of how many failures Edison had, literally thousands. To his great credit,

35、though, Edison didnt see them as such. When reminded that he had failed something like 25,000 times while experimenting with the storage battery, Edison supposedly responded by saying, “No, I didnt fail. I discovered 24,999 ways that the storage battery does not work.”Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a

36、ChoicePartA_ Listening-spritPre-listeningListening What a marvelous look. An outlook we all can learn something from. The thing to remember is that anybody can be great and perform to the hilt for a day, a week, even a month. We know people in all walks of life who get on a great roll, ride the adre

37、naline high, and wonderful things begin to happen. Then all too often, they begin to feel content. Theyve made a change, right? Theyve become more successful, right? So why not relax and enjoy it, bask for a moment in the newfound success? But the people who will ultimately pull ahead and wind up on

38、 top are the ones who make personal excellence a lifelong commitment. These are the people who go after it day after day. They keep raising the bar, not becoming discouraged by pitfalls or complacent by success. They understand that the pursuit of excellence is a marathon, not a sprint. The dictiona

39、ry says persistence is refusing to give up, or let go. Persevering obstinately. Continuing despite opposition. In sports parlance, persistence means hanging in the game, not tossing in the towel, refusing to quit. In life, its the same thing. Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartA_ Listening-spr

40、itPre-listeningListening The persistent person raises the bar to seemingly unreachable heights, and then establishes the methods necessary to reach those heights. The persistent person knows that letting up will only get him back to the starting point. We all know talented people who never seem to r

41、each their potential. These people often have great early success, then seem to fade into oblivion. Those who lack persistence start out with the best intentions, but they eventually drift. This trait is quite characteristic, for example, of people who are constantly changing careers. They become en

42、thusiastic about their new job and feed off this momentum for a while to perform well. But when this newness wears off and they realize they arent incredibly committed to sticking to that job in the long term, their success begins to wane and they start to fail. Why?Part APart BPart CSuccess Is a Ch

43、oicePartA_ Listening-spritPre-listeningListening Because they are not persistent. They get sidetracked, or they get distracted. They might have everything else going for them. A strong work ethic, the right methods, all the best intentions. But they dont have persistence. We all know talented people

44、 who seem reluctant to take the extra step that can make them great at what they do. Like the employee who does everything thats asked of her, yet everyone knows that she could do more if she only pushed herself a little harder: such people find their comfort zone and are content to remain there.Par

45、t APart BPart CSuccess Is a ChoicePartB_lead in1You will hear an excerpt of an interview where “Today show” host Meredith Vieira talks with Daniel Gilbert, a professor of psychology at Harvard and author of Stumbling on Happiness, about how people can be happier. Before listening, read what Daniel G

46、ilbert said in the interview and guess the questions raised by the interviewer. Compare your guesses with a partners.Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CCan We Find HappinessPartB_lead in2Pre-listeningBackground InformationQuestion 1: So why are we so lo

47、usy at predicting whats gonna make us happy? Professor Gilbert: Thats a great question, one that economists, psychologists and neuroscientists have been thinking about now for over a decade. You know those things do make you happy, they just dont make you happy for as long as you anticipate. Listeni

48、ngWord BuildingLead-inPart APart BPart CCan We Find HappinessPartB_lead in3Pre-listeningBackground InformationQuestion 2: Why did you say that happiness is a place you visit not a place you stay?Professor Gilbert: Well, you know, happiness is a noun, then, so we make a mistake of thinking of it like

49、 an object, thats a toaster and once I can get it, then thats mine, then I get to keep it. Happiness is a temporary state that we can visit, we can go there more often if we are smart about it, but its not a place we can stay.ListeningWord BuildingLead-inPart APart BPart CCan We Find HappinessQuesti

50、on 3: Is being happy self-delusion? Professor Gilbert: Im not gonna say self-delusion, but it certainly self-generated.PartB_ Word Building1Match each of the words in the left column with its meaning in the right. Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeninglousy exhilaration euphoric pru

51、dent wearself-delusion avoiding risks and uncertaintiesB. extremely happy and excitingC. a strong feeling of excitement and happinessD. (infml.) very bad or ill E. (an act of) allowing yourself to believe something that is not trueF. to disappear or be removed graduallyListeningPart APart BPart CCan

52、 We Find HappinessPartB_ Word Building2Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningFill in the following blanks with the previous words.1. The food upsets my stomach.2. Her mood could swing rapidly from gloom to .3. I just want to give you some idea of how it feels, to experience the wond

53、erful feeling of hypnosis relaxation.4. It would be to save some of the money.5. The rear tires began to .6. Emotionalism and may cloud judgment.exhilaration_lousy _ListeningPart APart BPart CCan We Find Happinesseuphoric_prudent_wear_self-delusion _PartB_ Background Information1Word BuildingLead-in

54、Background InformationPre-listening Daniel Gilbert is the Harvard College Professor of Psychology at Harvard University. His research with Tim Wilson on “affective forecasting” investigates how and how well people can make predictions about the emotional impact of future events. Dan has won numerous

55、 awards for his teaching anresearch from the Guggenheim Fellowship to the American Psychological Associations Distinguished Scientific Award for an Early Career Contribution to Psychology.1. Daniel GilbertListeningPart APart BPart CCan We Find HappinessPartB_ Background Information2Dans research has

56、 been covered by The New York Times Magazine, Forbes, Money, CNN, U.S. News & World Report, The New Yorker, Scientific American, Oprah Magazine, Psychology Today, and many others.Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CCan We Find HappinessPartB_ Background

57、Information32. Stumbling on Happiness Most of us spend our lives steering ourselves toward the best of all possible futures, only to find that tomorrow rarely turns out as we had presumed. Why? As Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert explains, when people try to imagine what the future will hold, the

58、y make some basic and consistent mistakes. Just as memory plays tricks on us when we try to look backward in time, so does imagination play tricks when we try to look forward. Using cutting-edge research, much of it original, Gilbert shakes, cajoles, persuades, tricks, and jokes us into accepting th

59、e fact that happiness is not really what or where we thought it was.Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CCan We Find HappinessPartB_ Background Information4 Smart, witty, accessible, and laugh-out-loud funny, Stumbling on Happiness brilliantly describes a

60、ll that science has to tell us about the uniquely human endeavor to envision the future, and how likely we are to enjoy it when we get there.Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CCan We Find HappinessPartB_ Listening1Listen to the interview and choose from