定語(yǔ)從句通用課件(公開(kāi)課[通用]

1、The Attributive ClauseWhat is the attribute? (什么是定語(yǔ)） a red apple a beautiful girl形容詞作定語(yǔ) my friend his pen代詞作定語(yǔ) a girl in red a man with glasses 介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ) apple tree shoe shop 名詞作定語(yǔ)什么是定語(yǔ)？定語(yǔ)就是用來(lái)修飾名詞或者代詞的成分What is the attributive clause? (什么是定語(yǔ)從句）the handsome 修飾成分the naughtyboyThe boy is Tom.（ 主句）The boy

2、 who is handsome is Tom.The boy who is naughty is Tom.修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的單詞或短語(yǔ)叫定語(yǔ)，如為一個(gè)句子則稱為定語(yǔ)從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞定語(yǔ)從句的一般結(jié)構(gòu)是：主句+先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句 People who go to a formal westerner dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners. Besides the napkin, you will find a small toast and thre

3、e glasses which are for the wine. The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bigger than the ones beside them. Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter. For the starter, which you eat with the smaller pair, you keep the knife in your right hand and the for

4、k in your left.定語(yǔ)從句的一般結(jié)構(gòu)是：主句+先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句 I know the boy who is sitting on the desk.主句定語(yǔ)從句先行詞引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞有關(guān)系代詞：who whom whose that which關(guān)系副詞：when where why先行詞：被修飾的成分,即名詞或代詞。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中有三個(gè)作用： 1. 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句； 2.在從句中代替先行詞； 3.在從句中擔(dān)任某一句子成份。1. The boy who is smiling is Tom. 2.The boy who has a round face is Tom.3.The

5、 man who sits in front of me is Tom. 4.The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. 5.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.6.The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.7.The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.8.The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.9. This is t

6、he boy (whom) I sit behind.10. This is the boy behind whom I sit.11.She is the girl whose English is the best in our class.12.A plane is a machine that can fly .13.Here is the boy that damaged the vase .關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞: 指人: 指物:指人或物:關(guān)系副詞:who(主格), whom(賓格), whose(所有格)which(主格,賓格), whose(所有格) thatwhen, w

7、here, why注：當(dāng)先行詞是those, she ,he ,they等代詞時(shí), 關(guān)系代詞用who.作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省，介詞后面用which 或whom ) The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.4 whose 在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示引導(dǎo)詞與 whose 后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物時(shí)可與 of which互換使用, 即the+名詞of whichwhom或of which whom the+名詞。This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book o

8、f which the cover is blue.of which the bookDo you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday. The teacher, whose son I work with, is liked by all the students.The chair, the legs of which are broken, is being repaired now.3. which 指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (

9、作賓語(yǔ)可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省) This recorder （which） he is using ismade in Japan. Is this the library from which you borrowbooks?Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Do you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? that 指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man (that) I to

10、ld you about. that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, litt

11、le, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修飾時(shí)。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。 that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。(5) 先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished.(6) 主句以There

12、 be 引導(dǎo)時(shí) There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. (7) 當(dāng)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作be表語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.(8)當(dāng)先行詞是which時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.Which is the book that you bought last week?1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. which2. Is there anything else

13、_ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whomABBB that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用which而不用that。(9

14、) 關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)（介詞提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.(10) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.(11)先行詞本身是that，或句子中已經(jīng)有了thatWhat I want to do is that which will help us all.(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met h

15、er yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind perso

16、n that I have ever worked with. who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. 1. I have a friend _ likes listening to Classical music.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.4. Kevin is reading a book _is too di

17、fficult for him.5. The family _ Im staying with lives in town.6. I know the student _ article was published.7. Betty, _ has never been abroad , is studying English very well.8. My parents live in a house _ is more than 100 years old.9. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.whothatwhichthatwhosewhi

18、chthatthatwhichwhoseWho whichthatwhom定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系副詞：when, where, whywhen在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞（which）”。Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.on whichwhere在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞（which）”。This is the house where I lived two years ago.in whichwhy在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于“介詞for+ 關(guān)系代詞（which）”。Do you kno

19、w the reason why she was late.It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：My sister, who is twenty, works in a bank.The man who came here yesterday has come again.限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切， 寫(xiě)時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加說(shuō)明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句， 寫(xiě)時(shí)往往逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。He is the man_ house the pictures are taken. A. whose B.which C.from whose D.that2.He lives in the flat,_he can see_ is happen- ing in the street. A.there/what B.where/something C.from whose window/all that3.That was the most interesting film_I have