托福聽力基礎(chǔ)講義高級(林靜宜)

1、托福聽力基礎(chǔ)講義高級部分Emma Lin林靜宜內(nèi)容Contents第一部分 總分結(jié)構(gòu)之并列結(jié)構(gòu)3303345第二部分 總分結(jié)構(gòu)之時間順序結(jié)構(gòu)81081710241272148716第三部分 總分結(jié)構(gòu)之單一事件結(jié)構(gòu)18218321524222626283130333237344436463848404942504461476649685271547356745885609363第一部分 總分結(jié)構(gòu)之并列結(jié)構(gòu)30Part 1 vocabulary寫出下列單詞的中文釋義1) dwell 2) mysterious 3) habitat4) body weight5) protoplasm 6) app

2、roximately7) density8) bone structure9) limitation10) incompressible11) shove12) wiggle 13) propel14) literally15) angular16) Peculiarity總分機構(gòu)之并列結(jié)構(gòu)AdvantagesDisadvantagePart 2 Extensive ListeningQuestion 1 Whatisthe talk mainly about? (A) A comparison of fish to warm-blooded animals. (B) The differen

3、ce between saltwater and freshwater environments. (C) The importance of fish to human beings. (D) How water has affected the development of fish.Question 2 What does the speaker mention as a problem that the water present to fish? (A) It cant be compressed. (B) It is often polluted. (C) Its temperat

4、ure often fluctuates dramatically. (D)It limits their size.Question 3 the speaker compared fishs movement with that of what creature?(A) A whale. (B) A human. (C) A snake. (D) A snail.Question 4 What aspect of a fish does the speaker discuss in the most detail?(A) Its skeleton. (B) Its shape. (C) It

5、s senses. (D)Its body temperaturePart 3 Intensive Listening3.11.To us, the _ _in which fish_ _ often seems _, _, and _. 3.22. But there are_to living in _, and they have _an_ _ in making fish what they are. 3. One is that water isnt _ to sudden _. Therefore it makes an excellent_ for a _ _ animal. 4

6、. Another advantage is the waters _to easily _. Protoplasm has approximately the same _as water, so a fish in water is almost _. This weightlessness in turn _: One, a fish can get along with a _ _ and_ _, and two, _ to a fishs _ are practically _.3.35. Yet there is one basic _ to living in water - t

7、he fact that its _ _. For a fish to_through water, it must actually _. Most can do this by _ back and forth in _. 6.The fish _ water aside by the _motion of its head, and with the _of its body and its _. Next, the water _back along the fishs _, closing in at the _, and _ the fish _ itself forward.7.

8、The fact that water is _ _ has literally _the_of_. A _and_shape can be moved through water only with difficulty. And for this reason, fish have a basic_ that is beautifully _ to deal with this _. 3.4To us, the environment_which fish dwell often seems cold, dark, and mysterious. But there are advanta

9、ges_living in water, and they have played an important role _ making fish what they are. One is that water isnt subject _sudden temperature changes. Therefore it makes an excellent habitat _a cold-blooded animal. Another advantage is the waters ability _easily support body weight. Protoplasm has app

10、roximately the same density _water, so a fish _water is almost weightless. This weightlessness _ turn means two things: One, a fish can get _a light weight and simple bone structure, and two, limitations_ a fishs size are practically removed. Yet there is one basic difficulty_ living in waterthe fac

11、t that its incompressible. For a fish to move _ water, it must actually shove it _. Most can do this _ wiggling _in snakelike motion. The fish pushes water _the forward motion _its head, and with the curve _its body and its flexible tail. Next, the water flows _the fishs narrowing sides, closing in

12、_ the tail, and helping the fish propel itself forward. The fact that water is incompressible has literally shaped the development of fish. A flat and angular shape can be moved_water only with difficulty. And_ this reason, fish have a basic shape that is beautifully adapted _ deal_ this peculiarity

13、. Part 4 Retell the Passage34Part 1 vocabulary 選擇單詞的正確中文意思1) permitA. 許可證B. 墓志銘C. 流放2) adequateA. 水生的B. 說得過去的C. 足量的3) hikeA. 徒步旅行B. 高的C. 搶劫4) thumbA. 無名指B. 大拇指C. 食指5) gallonA. 加侖B. 勇敢的C. 殷勤的6) springA. 春天B. 彈簧C. 泉7) soapA. 肥皂B. 濕透C. 湯8) featureA. 特點B. 地貌，風(fēng)貌C. 故事片9) creekA. 消息B.小溪C. 瘸子10) downstreamA

14、. 下游B. 下樓C. 下流11) bookletA. 小冊子B. 書皮C. 書簽12) trailA. 特點B. 小路C. 痕跡13) soloA. 獨自B. 獨奏C. 腳掌14) unstableA. 不停留的B. 不穩(wěn)定的C. 不留情面的15) poisonousA. 監(jiān)獄的B. 有毒的C. 無法觸及的16) peakA. 巔峰B. 山頂C. 饑渴17) flashlightA. 手電筒B. 火把C. 閃電總分結(jié)構(gòu)之并列結(jié)構(gòu)Advice on camping Part2 Intensive Listening2.11. I know youre anxious to get your_

15、and get_. But therere just a few things Id like to mention that might help you _ during your stay. 2.22.First of all, make sure you carry _. Youll need it if youre_ _, especially in this _. A good _ of thumb is to bring one _ per person _ day this time of year. Dont try to _on the parks _to _ all yo

16、ur water _. 2.33.And please, do not _ in the springs. Its your _ to_ _ the parks _.2.44.For those of you _beyond the _. make sure that you set up _ well away from_. We may get some _, and those creekbeds could _ _become _with_, and you and all your _ _might end up _.2.55.When you pick up your _, you

17、ll also get a _. Itll tell you everything you need to know about the _. They _in_, of course, but most of them are under_ - relatively_ _. 6.Remember, if youre hiking _, make sure you let someone _ youre going and _they can _you back.2.67.And. uh, for your own _, we _ _ that you not _. A lot of the_

18、throughout the park is very _.2.78.One final word. _ out for _. Rattlesnake _ is at its_ this time of year - especially at _. 10.For your own good, we recommend wearing _. and carry a _ after dark.3.8Today I want to talk about the Earths last major climatic shift, . the end of the last ice age. But

19、first, lets back . a moment and review what we know about climatic change . general. First, we defined climate . consistent patterns of weather . significant periods of time. In general, changes . climate occur when the energy balance . the Earth is disturbed. Solar energy enters the Earths atmosphe

20、re . light and is radiated . the Earths surface . heat. Land, water, and ice each affect this energy exchange differently. The system is . complex ., to date, our best computer models are only crude approximations and are not sophisticated . to test hypotheses about the causes of climatic change. Of

21、 course, that doesnt keep us . speculating. . instance, volcanic activity is one mechanism that might affect climatic change. When large volcanoes erupt, they disperse tons . particles . the upper atmosphere, where the particles then reflect light. . less light is entering the system of energy excha

22、nge, the result would be a cooling of the Earths surface. Of course, this is just one possible mechanism . global climate change. . all probability, a complete explanation would involve several different mechanisms operating at the same time.Part 3 Retell the Passage第二部分 總分結(jié)構(gòu)之時間順序結(jié)構(gòu)10Part 1 vocabula

23、ry 請寫出中文釋義1) thatcher2) barn3) withstand4) beam5) rafter6) skeleton7) reed8) straw9) shingle10) slate11) clay12) tile13) longevity 17th century, After a while, Today, still practiced in Ireland What is thatchingPart 3 Intensive Listening2.11. to the Four Winds , where of the past are .for .like you.

24、 Today, our thatchers will begin .this .behind me a , able to and .up to a . 2. How do they do it? Well, in a , thatching involves the , the .of a roof with . Our thatchers here have .their own for the job, the bundles of water you see .over there beside the . 2.2 3. is certainly in the United State

25、s today. I guess thats why so many of you have come to see this . But it always that way. In the , the here thatched their roofs with , just as they had done in . 4. After a while, though, they began to the thatch with shingles because wood was so . And , like stone, slate, and clay tiles came into

26、. 2.35. Its a real that most people today how and a thatched is. 6. In Ireland, where thatching is still , the roofs can winds of up to .per hour. Thats because straw and reeds are so . They .but ,in the wind like other materials can. 7. Another is that the roofs the house in the summer and in the w

27、inter. 8. And then, of course, theres the roofs the is sixty years, but they can up to a . 9. With all these reasons to start again, wouldnt it be to see this .return to ?2.4 Welcome the Four Winds Historical Farm, where traditions the past are preserved visitors like you. Today, our master Thatcher

28、s will begin giving this barn behind me a sturdy thatched roof, able to withstand heavy winds and last a hundred years. How do they do it? Well, a nutshell, thatching involves covering the beams or rafters, the wooden skeleton a roof with reeds or straw. Our thatchers here have harvested their own n

29、atural materials for the job, the bundles water reeds you see lying beside the barn. Thatching is certainly uncommon the Untied States today. I guess thats why so many of you have come see this demonstration. But it wasnt always that way. In the seventeenth century, the colonists here thatched their

30、 roofs .reeds and straw, just as they had done in England. After while, though, they began to replace the thatch wooden shingles because wood was so plentiful. And , other roofing materials stone, slate, and clay tiles came use. Its a real shame that most people today dont realize how strong and lon

31、g lasting a thatched roof is. In Ireland, thatching is still practiced, the roofs can survive winds of .one hundred ten miles per hour. Thats because straw and reeds are so flexible. They bend but dont break in the wind like other materials can. Another advantage is that the roofs keep the house coo

32、l the summer and warm in the winter. And then, of course, theres the roofs longevitythe average is sixty years, but they can last a hundred. With all these reasons to start thatching roofs again, wouldnt it be wonderful to see this disappearing craft return to popularity? Part 3 Retell the Passage17

33、Part 1 vocabulary 請寫出中文釋義1) ferry2) carrier3) stagecoach4) ingenious5) reindeer6) by no means7) discontinue8) temperament9) replica10) bulk mail11) philatelic總分結(jié)構(gòu)之順序結(jié)構(gòu)The history of In the 1600s, 19th century, for 100 years1918, Part 2 Intensive Listening2.11. Lets proceed to the and look at some of

34、 the actual that have played a in up . 2. Consider how it used to take to across a relatively . 2.23. Back in the 1600s it took two weeks on to get a from Boston to New York, a distance of about 260 miles. 4. a river was also a . was so that a would sometimes just to catch a ferry. 5. For , there wa

35、s always the , but the ride was by no mean because it had to be with other . The post office was pretty about some . . In the nineteenth century, in the Southwestern , for instance, were brought in to help get the through. In Alaska, were used. This practice was because of the of these animals. 6. W

36、ell stop here a minute so that you can enter this of a . It was during the Age of the that really started to pick up, in fact, the United States transported by train for nearly 100 years. The first .service didnt start until . 2.37. Please take a few to around. I hope youll enjoy your . And as you c

37、ontinue on your own, may I suggest you visit our philatelic .8. Not only can you look at some of the more issues, but there is an interesting on how are made.2.4Lets proceed the main exhibit hall and look at some of the actual vehicles that have played a prominent role speeding mail delivery. Consid

38、er how long it used .take to send a letter a relatively short distance. the 1600s it took two weeks horseback to get a letter from Boston to New York, a distance .about 260 miles. Crossing a river was also a challenge. Ferry service was .irregular carrier would sometimes wait hours just to catch a f

39、erry. .journeys inland, there was always the stagecoach, but the ride was .comfortable because it had to be shared other passengers. The post office was pretty ingenious about some routes. the nineteenth century, . the Southwestern desert, instance, camels were brought .to help get the mail . In Ala

40、ska, reindeer were used. This practice was discontinued because the disagreeable temperament these animals. Well stop here a minute so that you can enter this replica a railway mail car. It was during the Age .the Iron Horse that delivery really started to pick , fact, the United States transported

41、most bulk mail train for nearly 100 years. The first airmail service didnt start 1918. Please take a few moments to look . I hope youll enjoy your tour. And as you continue your own, may I suggest you visit our impressive philatelic collection. Not only can you look at some of the more unusual stamp

42、s issues, but there is an interesting exhibit how stamps are made. Part 3 Retell the Passage24Part 1 vocabulary 選擇單詞的正確中文意思1) instituteA. 研究所B. 慈善機構(gòu)C. 憲法2) realismA. 現(xiàn)實主義B. 社會主義C. 共產(chǎn)主義3) stylizeA. 非寫實的B. 風(fēng)格化的C. 寫實的4) ruralA. 鄉(xiāng)村的B. urban的反義詞C. urban的近義詞5) portraitA. 肖像人像B. 描繪C. 縱向的6) imitateA. 模仿B. 限

43、制C. 威脅7) staticA. 統(tǒng)計學(xué)的B. 靜態(tài)的C. 動態(tài)的8) formalismA. 形式主義B. 正式C. 格式9) demonstrateA. 民主B. 展示C. 游行示威10) regionalismA. 地方主義的B. 政權(quán)C. 規(guī)律11) sustainA. 懸浮B. 保持C. 可持續(xù)的12) preserveA. 保存B. 預(yù)訂C. 節(jié)約13) pioneerA. 志愿者B. 工程師C. 先驅(qū)開拓者總分結(jié)構(gòu)之順序結(jié)構(gòu)Introduction of Grant Woodearly life:Influence:Return to Iowa,1930s, Part 2 In

44、tensive Listening2.11. Before we begin our tour, Id like to give you some _on the _Grant Wood - well be seeing much of his work today. 2.22. Wood was born in 1881 in Iowa _, and became interested in _very_ in life.3. Although he studied art in both Minneapolis and at the _ _ of Chicago, the _ on his

45、 art were _. He spent time in both_and France and his study there helped _ his own _.4. When he returned to Iowa, Wood _the_ he had learned in Europe to the_he saw around him and that he remembered from his _ around the_ of the_. 5. His_ of farm families _the _formalism of photographs of _posed in f

46、ront of their homes. His paintings of _ at work, and of their _ and animals, _a serious _for the life of the _ _ United States. 6. By the 1930s, Wood was a _of the school of art called American_ _.7. In an effort to _a strong Midwestern _, Wood _ an _ of Midwestern art in his home state. Although the institute _, the paintings you are about to see _Woods _of _farmers.2.3Before we begin our tour, Id like to give you some background information _ the painter Grant Wood. Well be seeing much_his work today. Wood was born_1881 in Iowa farm country,