英語高中語法It用法詳解課件

1、It 用法歸納用法歸納一，一， 指代指代it二，二， 形式形式it三，三， 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)it四，四， 含有含有it的句型的句型 一，指代一，指代it1.用來指代上文提到的事物。用來指代上文提到的事物。1.-Pass me your nose. - Here it is .2.Whatever you do and say, ask yourself whether it is welcomed by others.3.The Olympic Game will be held in Beijing in 2008. It makes the Chinese proud. 2. 表示時間，天氣，表示

2、時間，天氣， 距離，溫度等。距離，溫度等。Its 10:081.It was cold yesterday.2.It may be 25 kms from here to the town.3.It was very quiet in the caf.3. 、作為人稱代詞，、作為人稱代詞，it可以用來指東西、動可以用來指東西、動物、嬰兒和未確定身份的人。物、嬰兒和未確定身份的人。 1.Wheres my left eye? Have you seen it? 2.The cat is in the garden, isnt it? 3.The baby cried because it is

3、hungry. 4. (有人在敲門）有人在敲門）Who is it? Its lovely It weighs only 3 kilos.Its a large sum of money.4.表示誰在做某事的句子表示誰在做某事的句子：1.- Who is it? -Its me.2.Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 5.用來泛泛的指某件事：用來泛泛的指某件事：1.It doesnt matter.2.It is a shame, isnt it? 3.So you are going to be married this time？When i

4、s it？特別注意：特別注意： it, one和和that作替代詞的用法及區(qū)別作替代詞的用法及區(qū)別 1. it代替前面提到的同一事物代替前面提到的同一事物,該事物既可以是可該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。 The news that they failed their driving test upset him, _? A. did they B. didnt theyC. did it D. didnt it 2. one代替前面提到的同類事物中的一個。代替前面提到的同類事物中的一個。該事物只能是可數(shù)名詞該事物只能是可數(shù)名詞,前面可以有冠詞前面可以有冠詞

5、,也可以被也可以被this、that或形容詞修飾或形容詞修飾,其后也其后也可以有定語?？梢杂卸ㄕZ。 -Why dont we have a little break? -Didnt we just have_? A. itB. thatC. oneD. this 3. that代替前面提到的同類事物中特指的代替前面提到的同類事物中特指的一個。該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是一個。該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞,要有后置定語要有后置定語,但不可以有前置但不可以有前置修飾語。修飾語。 Few pleasures can equal to _ of a cool dirnk on

6、a hot day. A. someB. anyC. thatD. those 二，形式二，形式it- 形式主語，形式主語， 形式賓語形式賓語1. It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.2. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.形式主語形式主語1.It is clear ( obvious， true， possi

7、ble， certain.) that . 1.It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. 形式主語形式主語2. It is important ( necessary， strange， natural.) that . that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動動詞原形。詞原形。 It is important that we (should) have enough rice. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 形

8、式主語形式主語3. Its surprising that (should)竟竟然然 例例 Its surpring that you should apologize to her without any reason. 形式主語形式主語4. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原動詞原形），常譯為形），常譯為“竟然竟然”。沒有這種意義時，則不。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。用虛擬語氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happe

9、n in your class. It is a pity that he is ill today. 5. It is our hope ( a duty/ an honour . ) that . 例例 The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”譯。譯。1.很榮幸能請你來為我的小狗洗腳。很榮幸能請你來為我的小狗洗腳。 It s an honour that I can invite you to come to wash the legs for my dog

10、.2.照顧老人是我們的職責(zé)。照顧老人是我們的職責(zé)。Its our duty that we take care of the old.6. It is said (reported， learned， thought, believed, known hoped, expected, agreed, accepted, decided, planed, understood, ） that . 常譯為常譯為“據(jù)說（據(jù)報道，據(jù)悉）據(jù)說（據(jù)報道，據(jù)悉）”。 It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 譯。

11、大家都知道那只貓和那條狗明天要結(jié)婚。譯。大家都知道那只貓和那條狗明天要結(jié)婚。7. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動動詞原形），詞原形），should 可以??；常譯為可以??；常譯為“據(jù)建據(jù)建議；有命令）議；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in tw

12、o hours. 8. It happens (seems， appears,come about, turn out , )等不及物等不及物動詞動詞+that. 碰巧碰巧./看來看來/似乎似乎. It happened （chanced）that he met his teacher in the street. 譯，看來他是吃錯了藥。譯，看來他是吃錯了藥。It seems that he took the wrong midicine.譯，譯， 結(jié)果是他吃到了五花肉（結(jié)果是他吃到了五花肉（panceta)。It turned out that he had panceta finally.

13、9. It is adj ( for sb. ) to do sth. important， necessary， natural ， impossible ， unusual ， rare ， normal ， easy ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， pleasant ， likely, right, wrong, , clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, useful, 等。等。10. It is adj ( of sb. ) to do sth. good （好心的），（好心的）， nice（有教養(yǎng)的），

14、（有教養(yǎng)的）， polite， kind ， brave ， careless， honest ，modest ， considerate, naughty ， wise ， clever ， thoughtful, careful, crazy， bad ， lazy ， rude ， cruel ， foolish ， silly ， stupid ，. 等。等。 這個句型可以改寫為：這個句型可以改寫為：sb. is adj to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 11.It替代作主語的動名詞替

15、代作主語的動名詞 Its no good/use doing Its (well)worth doing 例例 Its no use crying over spilt milk. 12. It takes sb. . to do sth. “做要花費某人做要花費某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 13. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . “不論（是否）沒關(guān)系。不論（是否）沒關(guān)系。It doesnt matter if they are old. 形式賓語形式

16、賓語1.動詞動詞+ it + 形容詞形容詞/名詞名詞+（ for sb +）to do + that 從句從句think,believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, Keep hard uselessworthworthwhileno use/no good/worth ones while/a waste of time/money/energy/words2.動詞動詞+ it + 形容詞形容詞 + that從（從（should） important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential形式

17、賓語形式賓語The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Mr. Obama to visit Peking. A. that B. it C. this D. him例例 . 我認(rèn)為你去參加這會議很重要。我認(rèn)為你去參加這會議很重要。I think it important that you (should) attend the conference. 形式賓語形式賓語3. 動詞動詞+ it+ as+ noun/adj. + 從句從句accept,regard, take,see, view例例 The speaker takes it as enco

18、uraging when many students attend his lecture. 4. 動詞動詞 +it + to sb. + that owe it to sb. that把把歸功于歸功于 leave it to sb that把把留給某人去做留給某人去做 take it for granted that 把把想當(dāng)然想當(dāng)然 keep it in mind that 把把記在心里記在心里 例例 1.Dont bother to tidy your room. Just leave it to me to do . 譯，譯， 他想當(dāng)然的以為女朋友會再回來。他想當(dāng)然的以為女朋友會再回來

19、。He took it for granted that his girlfriend would come back again.5. 動詞動詞 +it + that enjoy, like, / love, dislike, appreciate hate, dont mind, be fond of, feel like, see to / depend on /insist on例例 I hate it you can dance so well but I cant. I like (enjoy, hate) it when.I would appreciate it if6. 動詞

20、動詞make +it+ a rule +that從句從句譯，譯， 他習(xí)慣于天亮前起床。他習(xí)慣于天亮前起床。He makes it a rule that he get up before dawn.形式賓語形式賓語1. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣， 常用過去時態(tài)表常用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬示虛擬 有時也用有時也用should + 動詞原形，動詞原形，should 不能省，常譯為是（正不能省，常譯為是（正是）的時侯是）的時侯 It is time that children should go to b

21、ed. = It is time that children went to bed. 四，含有四，含有it的句型的句型2. It is the first ( second . ) time that . It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 含有含有it的句型的句型3. It is . since .。 since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時態(tài)，而且引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時態(tài)，而且是瞬間動詞。是瞬間動詞?！白瞿呈乱呀?jīng)多久了做某事已經(jīng)多久了”It is ( has

22、been ) 5 years since his father died. 4. It is since +延續(xù)性動詞的過去式延續(xù)性動詞的過去式 “不不做某事已經(jīng)多久了做某事已經(jīng)多久了”例。例。 Its 10 years since he had breakfast . 含有含有it的句型的句型5. It is . when .。 when 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句中的引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指時間，表語指時間，表語由具體的時間充當(dāng)，常譯為當(dāng)?shù)臅r候，由具體的時間充當(dāng)，常譯為當(dāng)?shù)臅r候，是是 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 6. It be . bef

23、ore . when從句中常是將來一般時或過去時兩種時態(tài)主從句中常是將來一般時或過去時兩種時態(tài)主句中的句中的 it 指時間，表語多是指時間，表語多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示時間段的等表示時間段的詞或短語，常譯為之后。詞或短語，常譯為之后。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 例：我們該采取行動了。例：我們該采取行動了。 Its(about/high) time that we should take ac

24、tion. 例例 ：這是他第三次沒有通過駕照考試。：這是他第三次沒有通過駕照考試。Its the third time that he has failed the driving test. 例例 ：不久后他們就會到。：不久后他們就會到。 It was not long before they arrived. 含有含有it的句型的句型It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who) 用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分。當(dāng)用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時也可以用被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時也可以用who。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is the ability to do

25、the job not where you come from or what you are _ matters. A. one B. that C. what D. itIt is / was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分 +that / who+句子其他成分句子其他成分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型高考真題高考真題 It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D.

26、 until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your brother appears? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment. A. where; that B. which ; where C. that ; where D. which; that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是分是not un

27、til引導(dǎo)的時間引導(dǎo)的時間 狀語狀語?強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于疑強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于疑問句問句, , 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是特殊疑問部分是特殊疑問詞或從句引導(dǎo)詞詞或從句引導(dǎo)詞?In which play is it that?It is thatIs it that?I dont know in which play it is that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和各種從句各種從句高考熱點高考熱點?1.It was a new book he wanted to buy. 2.It was Tom I met in the street.3. It was during the holiday he got to kno

28、w that girl.4. It was in the park I saw Kate crying last night.5. It was he who late yesterday.6. It was the teacher together with the boy students who in the classroom.7. 將將1.2.句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧渚渥優(yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?.將將3.4.5.句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧渚渥優(yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧鋡aswasthat that who that 9. is it has made Peter success. A .What that B. That w

29、hat C. What what D. That that How is it that she turned down our help?Where was it that When was it that.Who was it thatWhich book is it that Whose nose is it that A 10.對對 notuntill 進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)He didnt realize his fault until he graduated from high school.It was not until he graduated from high school

30、that he realize his fault .11.區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與從句區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與從句It was in the river he often swam .He came to the river he often swam.It was on Sunday the stranges came to our village.It was Sunday the stranges came to our villageIt is not until that 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型that Where 地點狀語從句地點狀語從句that 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時間狀語從句時間狀語從句when12.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中考查主謂一致在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中考查主謂一致It was not luck but difficulties that him success. A. makes B. make I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girl, wh