日本人應(yīng)對(duì)地震

1、The Japanese goverment how to deal with an earthquake日本人應(yīng)對(duì)日本人應(yīng)對(duì)From A8 group3From A8 group3before earthquake地震前 The governments financial investment 政府的財(cái)政投入政府的財(cái)政投入 Every year,the Japanese government for the earthquake fiscal spending acconts for qiute a proportion of the total amount of finances. If

2、 this year earthquake disaster, this proportion will increase greatly according to the situation 日本政府每年用于地震的 財(cái)政支出占財(cái)政總額的相當(dāng)比重。如果該年份發(fā)生地震災(zāi)害，這一比重會(huì)根據(jù)災(zāi)情大大增加。nThe usual prevention drill 平時(shí)的預(yù)防演平時(shí)的預(yù)防演練練 圖為圖為“防災(zāi)日防災(zāi)日”全國(guó)進(jìn)行地震演全國(guó)進(jìn)行地震演練練n出色的抗震式建筑出色的抗震式建筑nSeismic building excellent Widely used in high-rise buildings

3、 in JapanBased on the operation of isolation and earthquake, installed at the bottom of the building Elastic rubber pad, or sliding frictionDynamic bearing seat buffer is to resistShock. In the above 6 level earthquakeWhen born, the protecting device can helpThe structure of the reduced by half.日本高層

4、建筑高層建筑普遍采用地基與地震隔絕術(shù)說(shuō)就是在建筑的底部安裝彈性橡膠墊，或者摩擦滑動(dòng)承重座緩沖裝來(lái)抵抗地震。在6級(jí)以上的地震發(fā)生時(shí)，這種保護(hù)裝置能使建筑物的受力減少一半。 （右圖為日本蠶繭大廈） On the other hand, in order to improve On the other hand, in order to improve the the seismic resistance of seismic resistance of traditional traditional wood structure, ordinary wood structure, ordinary

5、 japanese homesjapanese homestaken cabinet dtaken cabinet design esign , ,when the earthquake when the earthquake happened, the whole house is rolling, happened, the whole house is rolling, not destructionnot destruction.Professional and technical.Professional and technical personnel personnel will

6、will periodically toperiodically to seismic seismic strengthenstrengthening rating of houses,ing rating of houses,TheThe government will government will take into considerationtake into considerationthe the appropriate subsidiesappropriate subsidies to encourage residents to encourage residents. .另一

7、方面，為了提高傳統(tǒng)木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的抗震能力，日本普通的民宅采用了箱體設(shè)計(jì)地震發(fā)生時(shí)，房屋整體翻滾,不至于損毀。專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人員還會(huì)定期對(duì)民房進(jìn)行抗震加固等級(jí)評(píng)定,政府會(huì)酌情給予居民適當(dāng)?shù)难a(bǔ)貼鼓勵(lì)。箱體設(shè)計(jì)圖箱體設(shè)計(jì)圖整體不壞的房屋整體不壞的房屋nMaterial preparationn物資準(zhǔn)備物資準(zhǔn)備 Each community has established earthquakedesignated emergency shelter. When the earthquake happen, relief stations generallybased on the road, in

8、order that people with home drinking water, lounge and the related information.每個(gè)社區(qū)都有為地震建立的指定緊急避難所避難所。地震的時(shí)候，救助站一般建立在公路旁，為的是回家的人們提供飲用水、休息室和有關(guān)信息。（圖為避難所中的孩子們）儲(chǔ)物滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)的倉(cāng)庫(kù)儲(chǔ)物滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)的倉(cāng)庫(kù) The shelf life of food storage in The shelf life of food storage in the warehouse is 5 years, generally the warehouse is 5 years,

9、generally in fourth years time will be in fourth years time will be replaced, and the replaced food will replaced, and the replaced food will in a variety of disasterin a variety of disaster prevention prevention exercises make people eat, so do not exercises make people eat, so do not waste. Inwast

10、e. In addition, the warehouse is addition, the warehouse is equipped with lighting heating equipped with lighting heating equipment and generators, powerequipment and generators, power equipment, portableequipment, portable toilets and can toilets and can be be assembled.assembled.倉(cāng)庫(kù)里儲(chǔ)存的食品倉(cāng)庫(kù)里儲(chǔ)存的食品保質(zhì)

11、期是保質(zhì)期是5 5年年, ,一般到第四年的時(shí)候一般到第四年的時(shí)候就會(huì)更換，而更換下來(lái)的食品又會(huì)就會(huì)更換，而更換下來(lái)的食品又會(huì)在進(jìn)行各種防災(zāi)演習(xí)時(shí)讓人們吃掉在進(jìn)行各種防災(zāi)演習(xí)時(shí)讓人們吃掉, ,所以不會(huì)造成浪費(fèi)。另外所以不會(huì)造成浪費(fèi)。另外, ,倉(cāng)庫(kù)里倉(cāng)庫(kù)里還備有照明取暖設(shè)備和發(fā)電機(jī)等電還備有照明取暖設(shè)備和發(fā)電機(jī)等電力設(shè)備力設(shè)備, ,還有可以組裝的便攜式廁還有可以組裝的便攜式廁所。所。 Below is the Japanese Tokyu department store ,In Japan, the big departmentstoresDisaster prevention goods co

12、unter. There you can buy all kinds of family disasterWrecking tools.下圖為日本的“東急百貨”，在日本，大的百貨公司都有防災(zāi)用品專(zhuān)柜。在那里你可以買(mǎi)到各種家庭防災(zāi)救險(xiǎn)工具。 Above for the family emergency storage box,there are dozens of things inside. Once the earthquake happen, they might come in handy.上圖為家庭應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)物箱應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)物箱，里面有幾十種東西。一旦發(fā)生地震等災(zāi)害，它就會(huì)派上用場(chǎng)。nStudy

13、 of earthquake sciencen地震科學(xué)的深入研究地震科學(xué)的深入研究 Every year the Japanese government investment the amount of funding to research in earthquake.Therefore, the knowledge of earthquake in Japanhave the most advanced theories andKnowledge. This is to reduce the earthquake disaster After a great help. 日本政府每年都會(huì)投

14、入大量的科研經(jīng)費(fèi)來(lái)研究日本政府每年都會(huì)投入大量的科研經(jīng)費(fèi)來(lái)研究地震。所以，日本在地震學(xué)知識(shí)方面有著最前沿地震。所以，日本在地震學(xué)知識(shí)方面有著最前沿的理論和知識(shí)。這對(duì)于減輕地震災(zāi)的理論和知識(shí)。這對(duì)于減輕地震災(zāi) 害有著巨大的害有著巨大的幫助。幫助。地震Natural disasterRescue system自然災(zāi)害救助體系自然災(zāi)害救助體系ralative law相關(guān)法律相關(guān)法律Earthquake insurancesystem地震保險(xiǎn)制度地震保險(xiǎn)制度Emergency managementThe legal system應(yīng)急管理應(yīng)急管理法律體系法律體系the system constructi

15、on制度建設(shè)制度建設(shè)In the earthquake地震中地震中l(wèi)The measures taken by the governmenl政府采取的措施政府采取的措施 When the earthquake occurred, the earthquake disaster warning mechanism through the government first issued a notice to the country. Then, the SDF organization professional disaster relief team, fire brigade, a volu

16、nteer team to the disaster area. Various government departments will be coordinated, organized, orderly carry out rescue activities. 地震發(fā)生時(shí)，政府首先通過(guò)地震災(zāi)害預(yù)警機(jī)制向全國(guó)發(fā)出通知。接著組織自衛(wèi)隊(duì)、專(zhuān)業(yè)救災(zāi)隊(duì)、消防隊(duì)、志愿者團(tuán)隊(duì)等向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)開(kāi)出。政府各個(gè)部門(mén)會(huì)統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào)，服從組織，緊張有序地開(kāi)展救援活動(dòng)。自衛(wèi)隊(duì)隊(duì)員在救助日本專(zhuān)業(yè)救災(zāi)隊(duì)消防隊(duì)在救援志愿者無(wú)償奉獻(xiàn)nA rapid response to citizensn公民的快速應(yīng)對(duì)公民的快速應(yīng)對(duì)nThe usu

17、al strict earthquake emergencyAt ordinary times strict emergency actingso that the Japanese have a good psychological quality.When earthquake comes they dont panic.they can quickly find escape routes, and transfer to safety. 平時(shí)嚴(yán)格的地震應(yīng)急演習(xí)使日本國(guó)民有著良好的心理素質(zhì)。地震來(lái)臨時(shí)他們并不慌張，他們能夠迅速找到逃生路線，并轉(zhuǎn)移 到安全地帶。（小學(xué)生頭戴防火帽從教學(xué)樓撤

18、出）（小學(xué)生頭戴防火帽從教學(xué)樓撤出）（老人們迅速找到逃生路線）（老人們迅速找到逃生路線）After the earthquake地震地震后后lGovernment commandl政府指揮政府指揮 After the earthquake,the goverment will immidiately organize rebuliding,show a powerful command of earthquake country震后，政府會(huì)馬震后，政府會(huì)馬 上組織重建，顯上組織重建，顯 示出一個(gè)示出一個(gè)多地震國(guó)家政府的有力指揮。多地震國(guó)家政府的有力指揮。重建Government command

19、政府指揮政府指揮InternationalAid國(guó)際國(guó)際援助援助FolkDonations民間民間捐資捐資Earthquake rescueAid system地震救援體系地震救援體系重建家園重建家園nThe collection of data, research progressn搜集數(shù)據(jù)，進(jìn)步研究搜集數(shù)據(jù)，進(jìn)步研究 Every earthquake leaves Many Many valuable data, scientists valuable data, scientists t through hrough the study of these data,the study o

20、f these data,f furtherurthersimulation methodsimulation method每一次地震都會(huì)留下許多寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)每一次地震都會(huì)留下許多寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)，科學(xué)家們通過(guò)研究這些數(shù)據(jù)，模擬，科學(xué)家們通過(guò)研究這些數(shù)據(jù)，模擬 實(shí)驗(yàn)等方法進(jìn)一步對(duì)地震學(xué)進(jìn)行研究實(shí)驗(yàn)等方法進(jìn)一步對(duì)地震學(xué)進(jìn)行研究。nPerfect the law完善法律完善法律 Japanese architects in architecturalapanese architects in architectural design When, will be in strict design When, will be in strict accordance wit