汽車英語三unit 4-book3教材

1、ZhejiangTechonology Institute of EconomySteering SystemUnit 42Steering SystemVocabularySection IV Comprehensive practiceSection III GrammarSection II ReadingSection I Listening and speaking3Section I Listen and Speaking 4Picture recognition. In this part, you will hear 5 statements, please judge whi

2、ch part is mentioned in each statement.ABDEFBCAE DPicture 2 A AB BC CD DE E5 Read and match. Read the structure and make a match. A-Fluid LinesB-RackC-PistonD-Rotary ValveE-Steering ColumnF-Pinion A B C D E F6Speak out. Look at the structure in Task1 and Task2, ask your partner the following questio

3、ns, and organize the sentences. Are you familiar with the structure listed in task 1 and task 2? Whats the function of steering system?How many kinds of steering systems do you know?7Listen and practice. Listen to the dialogues, fill in the missing information, and practice them with your partner. D

4、ialogue 1Mary: What does steering system mean?David: It _of steering wheel, gears, linkages and other _.Mary: Oh, I see. They are used to control the direction of a vehicles_, arent they?David: Yes. Nowadays, many cars use a power-steering system.Mary: I have _there are two types of power steering s

5、ystems.David: Yeah. They are hydraulic and _ power steering systems. Mary: Its really_. Im almost confused with it.consistscomponentsmotionheardelectriccomplex8Listen and practice. Listen to the dialogues, fill in the missing information, and practice them with your partner. Dialogue 2Mary: This car

6、 is very expensive.David: Of course. It is a car with _steering.Mary: Is it better than _steering?David: Yeah. it improves steering _and increases _stability while maneuvering at high_.Mary: Can it improve the stability of the car even through the turn?David: Yes. Im looking forward to _a car of thi

7、s kind.Mary: So am I.four-wheelfront-wheelresponsevehiclespeedowning9Take Task 4 as example, practice dialogues according to the situations provided with your partner. 1Joe and Jack are talking about the development of steering systems, even they are discussing about the future of power steering. 2

8、David and Jack are watching the components of a hydraulic power steering system, and discussing about how they work.10Section II ReadingReading AReading B11Reading ATask 1Task 212 12Reading ATask 1 Listen to the passage and fill in the missing information. Power steeringAs vehicles have become heavi

9、er and _to front wheel drive, the effort to turn the steering wheel _has increased - often to the point where major physical exertion is required. To alleviate this, auto makers have developed power steering systems. There are two types of power steering systemshydraulic and electric/electronic. A h

10、ydraulic-electric hybrid system is also possible.A hydraulic power steering (HPS) uses hydraulic _supplied by an engine-driven pump to assist the motion of turning the steering wheel. Electric power steering (EPS) is more _than the hydraulic power steering, since the electric power steering motor on

11、ly needs to provide _when the steering wheel is turned, whereas the hydraulic pump must run constantly. In EPS the assist level is easily tunable to the vehicle type, road speed, and even driver_. An added benefit is the elimination of environmental hazard posed by leakage and disposal of hydraulic

12、power steering fluid.switchedmanuallypressureefficientassistancepreference13Reading A1. According to the passage, which item can explain the word “alleviate” in the first paragraph?A. to make more bearableB. get rid ofC. increaseD. improve2. Why do auto makers take efforts to develop power steering

13、system?A. Vehicles have become heavier.B. Vehicles have switched to front wheel drive.C. Turning the steering wheel requires major physical exertion.D. All the above.AD14Reading A3. Which of the following does not belong to the advantages of EPS?A. It is more efficient than the hydraulic power steer

14、ing.B. It only needs to provide assistance when the steering wheel is turned.C. An engine-driven pump supplies pressure to assist the motion.D. In EPS the assist level is easily tunable.4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Power steering system helps to alleviate the effort to turn the steering

15、 wheel.B. Hydraulic-electric hybrid system is one of the existing steering system nowadays.C. Electric power steering is more efficient than the hydraulic power steering.D. In EPS the assist level is easily tunable to the vehicle type, road speed, and even driver preference.CB15Task 3Task 2Task 1Tex

16、t16Reading B Steering System The purpose of the steering system is guiding the car where the driver wants it to go. It must deliver precise directional control, and it must do so requiring little driver effort at the steering wheel. It consists of steering wheel, steering shaft, worm, gear sector, p

17、itman arm, drag link, steering knuckle arm, king pin, steering arms, tie rod, front axle and steering knuckle. They enable the car to change the direction by means of turning and moving forth and back.For a car to turn smoothly, each wheel must follow a different circle. Since the inside wheel is fo

18、llowing a circle with a smaller radius, it is actually making a tighter turn than the outside wheel. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel, the lines will intersect at the center point of the turn. The geometry of the steering linkage makes the inside wheel turn more than the outside wheel.

19、17 The steering gear is a device for converting the rotary motion of the steering wheel into straight-line motion. Essentially, the steering gear consists of two parts: a worm on the end of the steering shaft and a pitman-arm shaft on which there is a gear sector, toothed roller, or stud. There are

20、also a couple different types of steering gears. The most common are rack-and-pinion and recirculating ball.Rack-and Pinion steering is quickly becoming the most common type of steering on cars, small trucks and SUVs. It is actually a pretty simple mechanism. A rack-and-pinion gear set is enclosed i

21、n a metal tube, with each end of the rack protruding from the tube. A rod, called tie rod, connects to each end of the rack.The rack-and-pinion gear set does two things:Reading B Steering System18 1. It converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into the linear motion needed to turn the wh

22、eels.2. It provides a gear reduction, making it easier to turn the wheels.Recirculating-Ball steering is used on many trucks and SUVs today. The linkage that turns the wheels is slightly different than on a rack-and-pinion system.The recirculating-ball steering gear contains a worm gear. You can ima

23、ge the gear in two parts. The first part is a block of metal with a threaded hole in it. This block has gear teeth cut into the outside of it, which engage a gear that moves the pitman arm. The steering wheel connects to a threaded rod, similar to a bolt, which sticks into the hole in the block. Whe

24、n the steering wheel turns, it turns the bolt. Instead of twisting further into the block the way a regular bolt would, this bolt is held fixed so that when it spins, it moves the block, which moves the gear that turns the wheels.Reading B Steering System19perpendicular adj. .(與另一線或面與另一線或面)成直角的成直角的,

25、 垂直的垂直的, 正交的正交的(to) .直立的直立的, 與水平線成直角的與水平線成直角的, 陡峭的陡峭的draw a line perpendicular to a given line 作一直線與已知直線垂直作一直線與已知直線垂直The tower is out of the perpendicular 這座塔已傾斜了。這座塔已傾斜了。 Reading B Steering System20Important Words & Phrases protrudeprotrude vt., vi. 伸出; 吐出; 凸出; 突出Helens teeth protrude too far.

26、Helens teeth protrude too far. 海倫的牙齒太突出了。海倫的牙齒太突出了。The policeman saw a gun protruding from the mans pocket. The policeman saw a gun protruding from the mans pocket. 警察看到一支槍從那男人的口袋里凸出來。警察看到一支槍從那男人的口袋里凸出來。21Important Words & PhrasesRotational adj. 旋轉(zhuǎn)的旋轉(zhuǎn)的; 輪流的輪流的, 循環(huán)的循環(huán)的; 交替的交替的Players have to be i

27、n their correct rotational positions until the serve is executed. 在發(fā)球完成之前，運動員必須各就各位。在發(fā)球完成之前，運動員必須各就各位。 22Important Words & Phrases commission n. .委任，委任， 委托，委托， 代理（權(quán)）；代理（權(quán)）； 代理事項代理事項 .委任狀；委任狀；【軍軍】授銜令，授銜令， 委任職權(quán)；委任職權(quán)； 所受軍銜所受軍銜 .委員會，委員會， 考察團；考察團； 調(diào)查團調(diào)查團 .傭金，傭金， 代辦費，代辦費， 手續(xù)費手續(xù)費 If you are going to Ho

28、ng Kong, I have two or three small commissions for you. 你如去香港，你如去香港， 我有兩三件小事托你辦。我有兩三件小事托你辦。Some salesmen in big shops receive a commission of 10% on everything they sell, as well as a salary. 大商店有些店員不僅有薪金，大商店有些店員不僅有薪金， 而且還可抽取所售貨物百分之十的傭金。而且還可抽取所售貨物百分之十的傭金。23Important Words & PhrasesCooperate vi.

29、.合作；合作； 協(xié)作；協(xié)作； 互助互助 .（事物）配合（事物）配合If we all cooperate, well soon finish. 如果我們大家合作，很快就能完成。如果我們大家合作，很快就能完成。The British cooperated with the French in building the new craft. 英、法兩國合作制造這種新式飛船。英、法兩國合作制造這種新式飛船。24Important Words & Phrases crucial adj. .嚴酷的嚴酷的, 極為困難的極為困難的 .緊要關(guān)頭的緊要關(guān)頭的, 關(guān)系重大的關(guān)系重大的; 決定性的決定性的

30、Parking is a crucial consideration. 停車是設(shè)計者考慮的關(guān)鍵問題。停車是設(shè)計者考慮的關(guān)鍵問題。 There are several crucial factors. 有若干至關(guān)重要的因素。有若干至關(guān)重要的因素。 25Important Words & Phrases compel vt.強脅迫；強脅迫； 使不得不；使不得不； 迫使（屈服），迫使（屈服）， 強制順從同意強制順從同意.獲得；獲得； 強取強取He was compelled by illness to suspend his experiment. 他因病不得不暫時中斷實驗。他因病不得不暫時

31、中斷實驗。His cleverness and skill compel our admiration. 他的聰明和技藝博得我們的贊賞。他的聰明和技藝博得我們的贊賞。26Task 1: Read and judge. Read the passage and judge whether the statement is true or false.1. The direction of the car is changed only through the steering wheel.2. The inside wheel is making a tighter turn than the

32、outside wheel.3. Rack-and-pinion and recirculating ball are the only two types of steering gears.4. Recirculating-ball steering is the most common type of steering on cars.5. The rack-and-pinion gear set uses a gear reduction to make it easier to turn the wheel.FTFFT27Task 2: Read, complete and rete

33、ll. Read the passage again and fill in the blanks with the information in the passage, and then try to retell the passage. Steering system _ the car to change the direction by means of turns and moving forth and back. The steering gear can _ the rotary motion of the steering wheel into _ motion. It

34、consists of two parts: a _ on the end of the steering shaft and a _ shaft. _ and _ are two most common types of steering gears. The former is a pretty simple _. As for the latter, the _ that turns the wheels is slightly different than on a rack-and-pinion system.enablesconvertstraight-linewormpitman

35、-armRack and pinionrecirculating banmechanismlinkage28Task 3: Revise and Translate. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. It must deliver precise directional control, and it must do so requiring little driver effort at the steering wheel.2. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel

36、, the lines will intersect at the center point of the turn.3. The steering gear is a device for converting the rotary motion of the steering wheel into straight-line motion.它必須具有精確的方向?qū)С鱿到y(tǒng)，這樣才不需要駕駛者在方向盤上費力。 如果你在每個輪子上畫一條線，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些線會在旋轉(zhuǎn)軸的中心相交叉。 這些操縱排擋是為了使汽車從曲線運動變?yōu)橹本€運動。 29Task 3: Revise and Translate. Tra

37、nslate the following sentences into Chinese.4. A rack-and-pinion gear set is enclosed in a metal tube, with each end of the rack protruding from the tube.5. Instead of twisting further into the block the way a regular bolt would, this bolt is held fixed so that when it spins, it moves the block, whi

38、ch moves the gear that turns the wheels.齒棒（條）小齒輪式被封在一個圓鐵管中，而且每個擱架的末端都從鐵管中伸出一個金屬桿. 不像一個普通的螺栓，需進一步的扭轉(zhuǎn)才能插進一塊板中。這種螺栓是固定的，所以，當(dāng)它快速轉(zhuǎn)動時，它就帶動了金屬板，從而使齒輪帶動方向盤轉(zhuǎn)動。 30Grammar GrammarTask 1Task 231Inverted Sentence用法用法例句例句1. here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run, 要全部倒裝。There goes the be

39、ll.Then came the chairman.2. 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首，謂語表示運動的動詞, 要全部倒裝。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman.3.句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to th

40、is question.32Inverted Sentence4. 以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝,如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.5. so,

41、neither, nor作部分倒裝, 表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒裝。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I.33Task 1: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.1. Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. doe

42、s smoking permit2. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know3. No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begunADD34Task 1: Choose the best a

43、nswer to complete the sentences.4. Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also5. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize

44、BB35Task 2: Translate the following into English.1.汽車動力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)使駕駛員在方向盤上費力不需太多。汽車動力轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)使駕駛員在方向盤上費力不需太多。2.在未來，你也有可能僅通過按一下按鈕就可以按自己的意愿來控制車在未來，你也有可能僅通過按一下按鈕就可以按自己的意愿來控制車子。子。3.不管怎樣，汽車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)都不能失去對車子的控制。不管怎樣，汽車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)都不能失去對車子的控制。4.他剛打算去買這個品牌的車的時候，車子沒貨了。他剛打算去買這個品牌的車的時候，車子沒貨了。5.如果它更努力學(xué)的話，他本來能通過駕照考試的。如果它更努力學(xué)的話，他本來能通過駕

45、照考試的。Little efforts will drivers take at the steering wheel because of power steering. So can you configure the controls exactly to your liking by pressing a few buttons in future. In no way could the steering system lose the function of guilding the car. No sooner did he plan to buy this brand car

46、than the car is out of stock. Had he studied harder, he should have passed the test of driving license 36Section IV Comprehensive Practice(II) Presentation(I) Applied Writing37(I) Applied Writing Sample 1Sample 238Sample 1Shanghai Jinhai Trad Co., 22 Mar,2008 Dear Sirs, Thank you for your last lette

47、r. We are very sorry to say that we cant accept your price. We still insist the price at 6% commission CIF Copenhagen. And we also accept the payment of date L/C for thirty days. Please reply us in three days. We are very glad to cooperate with you in long-term, and we are waiting for hearing your r

48、eply! Yours Faithfully Robert Michael 39Sample 2 Dear Mr. Smith,As we mentioned in our previous quotation, the price is likely to rise. Since material price is a very crucial element for our cost accounting, we are compelled to shift this rise to our customers. The price for 33 Euro has increased to

49、 33.5 Euro, packing charge and freight remaining unchanged. We thank you for your understanding and look forward to having a good cooperation with you.Yours Sincerely,Zhang Liang40Task:汽車還盤汽車還盤:謝謝你們對沃爾沃汽車報價的來信。謝謝你們對沃爾沃汽車報價的來信。我們雖然贊賞你們汽車的質(zhì)量，但價格太高不能接受請參閱我們雖然贊賞你們汽車的質(zhì)量，但價格太高不能接受請參閱89SP-754號號銷售確認書，按此銷售書我

50、方訂購了此品牌的汽車銷售確認書，按此銷售書我方訂購了此品牌的汽車5輛，輛， 但價格比你方現(xiàn)但價格比你方現(xiàn)報價格低報價格低10%，自從上次訂購以來，原材料價格跌落很多，這里你們的，自從上次訂購以來，原材料價格跌落很多，這里你們的零售價也下跌了零售價也下跌了5%。接受你方現(xiàn)時的報價意味著我們將有巨大虧損，更。接受你方現(xiàn)時的報價意味著我們將有巨大虧損，更不用談利潤了。不用談利潤了。 然而如果你們至少降價然而如果你們至少降價1.5%，我們非常愿意向你方續(xù)訂。否則，我，我們非常愿意向你方續(xù)訂。否則，我們只能轉(zhuǎn)向其他供應(yīng)者提出類似需求。們只能轉(zhuǎn)向其他供應(yīng)者提出類似需求。 我們希望你們認真考慮我方建議，并及

51、早答復(fù)我方。我們希望你們認真考慮我方建議，并及早答復(fù)我方。 41TaskThank you for your offer letter from Volvo. We appreciate the quality of your car, but we can not accept the high price. Please see No. 89SP-754 sales confirmation. Based on it, we ordered five cars of this brand which price is 10% lower than your side of prices.

52、Since the last ordering, the raw material prices fall a lot, which resulted in your current retail price having fallen by 5%. Accepting your current offer means that we will have a huge loss, let alone profits. However, if you cut prices of at least 1.5%, we are willing to renew your side. Otherwise

53、, we can only turn to other suppliers of similar demands. We hope that you will seriously consider our proposals and our response as soon as possible. 42(II) Presentation1.Search the library or the internet for more detailed information about steering systems and give a presentation in class.2.Imagine the future steering systems.Students can choose one of the two tasks, work in groups, and prepare for an in-class presentation.43Vocabularyrack n. rack n. 架架, ,行李架行李架, ,拷問臺拷問臺pi