物理專業(yè)常用英語詞匯

1、adjustment 調節(jié)amplitude 振幅astigmatoscope 散光鏡物理：absolute acceleration 絕 對加速度aether 以太angle of rotation自轉角，轉動角atomic nucleus 原子核air pump 抽氣機atomic physics 原子物理學absolute error 絕對誤差air table 氣墊桌angular acceleration角加速atomic spectrum原子光譜absolute motion絕對運動air track 氣墊導軌度atomic structure原子結構absolute temper

2、ature 絕對alternating current circuitangular displacement 角 位移atom 原子溫度absolute velocity絕對速度交流電路alternatingcurrentangular velocity 角速度Atwood ' s machine 阿特伍德機absolute zero 絕對零度absorption 吸收absorptivity吸收率acceleratedmotion加 速 運動generator 交流發(fā)電機alternating current交流電altimeter 測高儀ammeter 安培計amperemete

3、r 電流計anion 負離子anisotropy 各向異性annihilation 湮沒anode 陽極antenna 天線average power 平均功率average velocity平均速度Avogadro constant 阿 伏 加德羅常數(shù)Avogadro law 阿伏加德羅定acceleration of gravity重力加速度ampere 安培applied physics 應用物理學Archimedes principle阿 基律balance 天平acceleration 加速度Ampere's experiment 安 培實驗米德原理ballistic gal

4、vanometer 沖擊accidental error 偶然誤差acoustics 聲學Ampere's force 安培力Ampere's law 安培定律area 面積argumentation 論證電流計band spectrum 帶狀譜argument 輻角barometer 氣壓計acting force 作用力amperemeter 安培計basic quantity基本量calorifics 熱學chain reaction鏈式反應滑動摩擦系數(shù)basic units基本單位camera 照相機chaos 混沌coefficient 系數(shù)battery charg

5、er電池充電器capacitance 電容characteristicspectrum 特coherent light 相干光源battery,accumulator蓄電池capacitor 電容器征光譜coil 線圈battery 電池組capillarity 毛細現(xiàn)象charged body帶電體collision 碰撞beam 光束cathode ray 陰極射線charged particle帶電粒子component force分力betatron 電子感應加速器cathode-ray tube 陰極射線charge 充電component velocity分速度Bohr atom

6、model 玻爾原子模型管cathode 陰極circular hole孔衍射diffraction 圓composition of forces合成力的boiling point沸點cation 正離子circular motion圓周運動composition of velocities速boiling 沸騰bounce 反彈cell 電池Celsius scale 攝氏溫標classical mechanics 經(jīng)典力學度的合成compression 壓縮bound charge束縛電荷centre of gravity重心classical physics經(jīng)典物理學concave le

7、ns 凹透鏡bound electron束縛電子centre of mass 質心cloud chamber云室concave mirror 凹面鏡coefficient of maximumconcurrent force 共點力breakdown擊穿centripetal acceleration向brightness亮度心加速度centripetal force 向心力buoyancy force 浮力數(shù)condensation凝結coefficientof restitution恢condenser電容器復系數(shù)conductingmedium導電介branch circuit支路cen

8、trifugal force離心力static friction最大靜摩摩系coefficient of sliding frictionconstant force 恒力crest 波峰definition of ampere安培的direct measurement直接測constant 常量定義量critical angle 臨界角continuous spectrum 連 續(xù)defocusing 散集discharge 放電critical resistance 臨界電阻conductor 導體Coulomb's law 庫侖定律Daniell cell 丹聶耳電池diode

9、二級管conservative forcefield 保counter計數(shù)器守力場creation產(chǎn)生conservative force保守力creepage漏電data processing 數(shù)據(jù)處理diopter 屈光度data 數(shù)據(jù)direct current, DC 直流decay 衰變direct impact 正碰譜density 密度disorder 無序critical temperature 臨界溫convergent lens 會聚透鏡度derived quantity導出量dispersion 色散convex lens 凸透鏡crystal 晶體derived uni

10、t 導出單位displacement 位移convex mirror 凸面鏡current density電流密度dielectric 電介質divergent lens 發(fā)散透鏡coordinate system 坐標系current element電流元diffraction pattern衍射圖樣Doppler effect多普勒效應coplanar force共面力current source電流源diffraction衍射double slitdiffraction雙縫Corolis force科里奧利力current strength電流強度diffuse reflection漫反

11、射衍射corpuscularproperty 粒 子curvilinear motion曲線運動digital timer數(shù)字計時器driving force驅動力性cyclotron 回旋加速器dimensionalexponent 量綱dry cell 干電池corpuscular theory微粒說damped vibration阻尼振動指數(shù)echo 回聲Coulomb force庫侖力dimension量綱eddy current渦流damping 阻尼coulomb 庫侖effective value有效值electric potential energy電spectrum 電磁波譜

12、elementarycharge基本電elastic body彈性體位能electromagnetism荷，元電荷elastic force彈性力electric power 電功率induction phenomenon電energy 能量electric quantity電量磁感應現(xiàn)象energy level能級elasticity 彈性electromagnet 電磁體electrification 起電equilibrium平衡electric charge電荷electrification by friction摩electrometer靜電計equilibriumcondition

13、 平 衡electric circuit電路擦起電electromotive force電動勢條件electric corona電暈electrified body 帶電體electron 電子equilibrium of forces力的平electric energy電能electrode 電極electron beam電子束衡electric field電場electrolysis 電解electron cloud電子云equilibriumposition 平衡位electric fieldintensity 電場置electrolyte 電解質electron microscope

14、電子顯電子顯強度equilibrium state平衡態(tài)微鏡electromagneticdampingelectric field line電場線電磁阻尼electron volt電子伏特equivalentsource theoremelectric flux 電通量電通量等效電源定理electromagneticinductionelectroscope驗電器electric leakage漏電電磁感應electrostaticequilibrium靜erect image正像electric neutrality電中性electromagneticradiation電平衡error 誤

15、差electric potential電位，電勢電磁輻射electrostaticinduction靜電ether 以太electric potential differenceelectromagnetic wave電磁感應evaporation蒸發(fā)電位差，電勢差波electrostatic screening靜電excitation激發(fā)electromagneticwave屏蔽excitation state 激發(fā)態(tài)fixed-axis rotation 定軸轉動general physics 普通物理學humidity 濕度experiment 實驗flotation balance 浮

16、力秤generator 發(fā)電機hydrogen 氫原子experimental physics 實 驗 fluid 流體 物理學focal length 焦距external force 外力focusing 調焦，聚焦eyepiece 目鏡focus 焦點good conductor 良導體hypothesis假設gravitation 引力ice point冰點gravity 重力ideal gas理想氣體gravitationalpotentialimage 像far sight 遠視force 力energy 重力勢能image distance 像距Faraday cylinder

17、法拉第圓筒forced vibration 受迫振動gravity field 重力場image height 像高Faradaylawoffractal 分形electromagneticinduction法拉第電磁感應定律free charge自由電荷Faraday'slawoffree electron自由電子electromagneticinduct法free period自由周期拉第電磁感應定律freezing point凝固點farad 法拉 （電容的單位）frequency 頻率film interference薄膜干涉friction force摩擦力final vel

18、ocity 末速度fusion 聚變 ground earth 接地imaging 成像ground state 基態(tài)imperfect inelastic collisionground wire 地線非完全彈性碰撞hadron 強子impulse 沖量half life period 半衰期incident angle 入射角heat 熱incident ray 入射線heat transfer 傳熱indirect measurement 間接測量henry 亨利first cosmic velocity 第一宇galvanometer 電流計宙速度induced electric cu

19、rrent 感hertz 赫茲 （頻率的單位）應電流Hooke law 胡克定律gas 氣體fission 裂變induced electric field感應電過程laser 激光，激光器induction current 感應電流insulating medium 絕緣介質isobaric process 等壓過程law 定律insulator 絕緣體intensity of sound 聲強interference 干涉interference fringe 干涉條紋interference pattern 干涉圖樣interferometer 干涉儀internal energy 內能

20、internal force 內力internal resistance 內阻intonation 聲調inverted image 倒像invisible light 不可見光ion beam 離子束ionization 電離irreversible process 不可逆induction electromotiveforce 感應電動勢induction motor 感應電動機inertia 慣性inertial force 慣性力inertial system 慣性系infrared ray紅外線infrasonic wave 次聲波initial phase初位相initial ve

21、locity 初速度input 輸入instantaneous power 瞬 時功率instantaneous velocity 瞬時速度instrument 儀器insulated conductor 絕緣導isobar 等壓線isochoric process 等體積過程isothermal 等溫線isothermal process 等 溫 過程isotope 同位素isotropy 各向同性joule 焦耳（功的單位）Joule heat 焦耳熱Joule law 焦耳定律Joule' law 焦耳定律Kepler law 開普勒定律kinematics 運動學kinetic

22、 energy 動能Laplace's equation 拉普拉斯方程law of conservation of angular momentum 角動量 守恒定律law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律law of conservation of mass 質量守恒定律law ofconservationofmechanicalenergy 機械能守恒定律law ofconservationofmomentum 動量守恒定律law of electric charge conservation 電荷守恒定律Le Syst （me Internatio

23、nal d' Unit s國際單位制（SI）lead 導線length 長度lens 透鏡lens formula 透鏡公式luminous intensity 發(fā)光強度magnifier 放大鏡，放大器medium 介質Lenz's law 楞次定律magnetic field 磁場manometer 流體壓強計melting fusion 熔化melting point 熔點lepton 輕子magnetic field intensity 磁 mass 質量Light ray 光線場強度mass defect質量虧損metre rule米尺magnetic field l

24、ine磁場線light source 光源mass-energy equation質能microdetector靈敏電流計magnetic inductionflux 磁方程light wave 光波micrometercaliper 螺 旋 測感應通量matter 物質微器lightning rod 避雷針magnetic induction磁感應matter wave物質波microscope顯微鏡light 光強度Maxwell's equations 麥克斯microscopicparticle 微觀粒line spectrum 線狀譜magnetic inductionlin

25、e 磁韋方程組子感應線lines of current電流線mean speed平均速率mirror reflection鏡面反射magnetic material磁性材料lines of force of electric fieldmean velocity平均速度mirror 鏡電線magnetic needle 磁針measurement測量mixed unit system混合單位liquefaction 液化magnetic pole 磁極制mechanical energy 機械能liquefaction point 液化點magnetics 磁學modern physics 現(xiàn)

26、代物理學mechanical motion 機 械 運liquid 液體magnetism 磁學動molar volume摩爾體積longitudinal wave縱波gmagnetization 磁化mechanical vibration 機 械molecularspectrum 分子光loop 回路magnet 磁體振動譜Lorentz force 洛侖茲magnification 放大率mechanics 學molecularstructure 分子結特實驗光疏介質moment of force力矩newton 牛頓（力的單位）ohm 歐姆optics 光學momentumofNewt

27、on first law牛頓第一定electromagneticfield 電 磁律Ohm law 歐姆定律orbit 軌道場的動量Newton second law牛頓第ohmmeter歐姆計order 有序momentum 動量二定律Ohm's law歐姆定律oscillograph示波器motor 電動機Newton third law 牛頓第三open circuit開路output 輸出定律multimeter 多用電表optical bench光具座overweight超重nonequilibrium state非平衡musical quality音色態(tài)optical ce

28、ntre of lens透鏡光parallelconnectionofN pole 北極north pole 北極心condensers電容器的并聯(lián)natural frequency固有頻率optical fiber光導纖維parallelogramrule平行四邊nucleus force 核力形定律natural light自然光nucleus of condensation凝optical glass光學玻璃parallel-resonancecircuitnegative charge負電荷結核optical instrument光學儀器并聯(lián)諧振電路negative crystal負晶

29、體object 物optical lever光杠桿parameter參量negative ion負離子object distance 物距optical path difference光程particle 質點，粒子差negative plate負極板object height 物高optical path光程 （路 ）Pascal law帕斯卡定律network 網(wǎng)絡objective 物鏡path 路程optically denser medium光neutralization中和observation 觀察密介質peak 峰值neutron 中子Oersted's experim

30、ent 奧 斯optically thinner mediumperfect conductor理想導體photography 照相術positron 正電子quantum mechanics 量子力perfect elastic collision完全photon 光子potential energy勢能學彈性碰撞physical balance 物理天平potentiometer 電位差計quantum number量子數(shù)perfect inelastic collision完physical quantity物理量power 功率radar 雷達全非彈性碰撞physics 物理學pres

31、sure 壓強，壓力radioactive source放射源periodicity 周期性piezometer 壓強計primary coil 原線圈radius of gyration回旋半徑period 周期pitch 音調principle of constancy ofrandom motion無規(guī)則運動periscope 潛望鏡Planck constant 普朗克常量light velocity 光速不變原理range 量程permanent magnet永磁體plasma 等離子體prism 棱鏡rated voltage 額定電壓permittivity of vacuum介

32、電常數(shù)真空point charge 點電荷projectile 拋體reacting force 反作用力permittivity 電容率polarization 偏振projectile motion拋體運動real image 實像phase 位相polarized light 偏振光projector 投影儀real object 實物phenomenon 現(xiàn)象polycrystal 多晶體proton 質子reasoning 推理photocurrent 光電流poor conductor 不良導體pulley 滑輪recoil 反沖photoelectric cell光電管posit

33、ive charge 正電荷pulley block 滑輪組rectilinear motion直線運動photoelectric effect光電效positive crystal 正晶體quantity of heat熱量reference frame參考系，坐pendulum 擺positive ion 正離子quantization 量子化penumbra 半影photoelectron 光電子positive plate 正極板quantum 量子reference system參考系resistance 電阻rotating magnetic field旋轉self-inducti

34、onphenomenonreflected angle 反射角reflected ray 反射線reflection coefficient 反射系數(shù)reflection law 反射定律reflectivity 反射率resistance box 電阻箱resistivity 電阻率resistor 電阻器resolution of force力的分解resolution of velocity速度的分解磁場rotation 自轉，轉動Rutherford scattering 盧 瑟福散射Rutherforda-particlescattering experiment 盧瑟福a散射實驗自

35、感系數(shù)semiconductor 半導體semi-transparentfilm 半透膜sensitive galvanometer 靈敏電流計sensitivity 靈敏度refracted angle 折射角resonance 共振，共鳴S pole 南極sensitometer感光計refracted ray 折射線refraction law 折射定律refraction coefficient折射系數(shù)refractive index 折射率relative acceleration 相對加速度relative error 相對誤差resonant frequency 共振頻率resu

36、ltant force 合力resultant velocity合速度reversibility of optical path光路可逆性reversible process可逆過程rheostat 變阻器saturation 飽和scalar 標量scalar field 標量場scanner 掃描器second cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度selective absorption 選擇吸收sensor 傳感器seriesconnectionofcondensers 電容器的串聯(lián)series-resonancecircuit 串聯(lián)諧振電路short circuit 短路shor

37、t sight 近視shunt resistor 分流電阻relative motion相對運動relative velocity相對速度right-hand screw rule 右手螺旋定則self-induced electromotiveforce 自感電動勢significant figure有效數(shù)字標系relativity 相對論rocker 火箭self-inductance 自感simple harmonicmotionsolution 溶液spectrography攝譜學steady current 恒定電流(SHM) 簡諧運動solvation 溶解spectroscopy

38、光譜學steady current source 恒流simple harmonic wave簡諧源sonar 聲納spectrum 光譜波sound source 聲源speed 速率steady voltage source 恒壓simple pendulum單擺sound velocity 聲速spherical mirror球面鏡源single crystal ( monocrystal )steam point 汽點單晶體sound wave 聲波spontaneousradiation自發(fā)stiffness 勁度系數(shù)輻射single slit diffraction單縫衍射soun

39、d 聲音spring balance彈簧秤stimulated radiation 受激輻source 電源射sinusoidalalternatingsouth pole 南極stability 穩(wěn)定性stop watch 停表current 簡諧交流電stabilized current supply穩(wěn)space 空間sublimation 升華sinusoidal current 正弦式電流電源流spark discharge 火花放電superconductivity超導電stabilized voltage supply穩(wěn)sliding friction滑動摩擦special rel

40、ativity狹義相對論壓電源性slit 狹縫specific heat capacity 比熱standardatmosphericsuperconductor 超導體容pressure 標準大氣壓superpositionprinciple ofsolar cell 太陽能電池spectacles 眼鏡standard cell標準電池electric field 電場強度疊加原solenoid 螺線管spectral analysis 光譜分析standing wave駐波理solidification 凝固superposition theorem疊加spectral line 光譜線

41、static friction靜摩擦定律solidifying point凝固點spectrograph 攝譜儀stationary state定態(tài)supersaturation 過度飽和solid 固體supersonic speed超聲速theorem of momentum 動third cosmic velocity第三宇trough 波谷量定理宙速度supersonic wave 超聲波theoretical physics理論物理three-phasealternatingtuning fork 音叉supply transformer 電 源 變學current 三相交變電流turbulent flow 湍流壓器theory 理論time 時間ultrasound wave超聲波surface resistance表面電阻thermal capacity 熱容量timer 定時器，計時器ultraviolet ray紫外線switch 開關thermal equilibrium熱平衡torsion balance 扭秤umbra 本影system of con