2022年中考英語復習之重點核心詞匯詳解專題6GH字部202222082166

1、2022年中考英語復習之重點核心詞匯詳解專題六 g、h字部1. generaladj.大體的，籠統(tǒng)的，總的，一般的關聯(lián)詞組：in general總之；一般而言；general public公眾；general idea大意，梗概；general manager總經(jīng)理；general rule一般規(guī)那么；通那么in general用法：作狀語：the weather in florida is warm in general.一般來說弗羅里達州的天氣是暖和的。放在復數(shù)名詞后作定語：people in general will support us.總體而言，人們會支持我們的。詞性轉換：gener

2、ally adv.通常，一般地；普遍地：generally speaking=in general一般而言2022，浙江卷，閱讀dresearchers in france took their research out into the street, to the general public.2. geographyn.地理學，地形關聯(lián)詞組：a geography lesson/teacher/textbook地理課/老師/課本詞性轉換：geographical=geographic adj.地理學的；geographically adv.在地理上；地理學上2022，江蘇卷，閱讀填空ov

3、er the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were d 70 geographically, leading to different dialects(方言 ) and characters.3. goldn.黃金；金色；adj.金質的；金黃色的關聯(lián)詞組：gold medal金牌；gold mine金礦；pure gold純金；gold ring/watch/coin金戒指/表/幣用法：gold作化學元素、物質名詞時，是不可數(shù)名詞；表示“金色時，可作可數(shù)名詞，例如

4、：i love the reds and golds of autumn.我喜歡秋天的火紅色和金黃色。gold和golden的區(qū)別：詞性上看，gold可作名詞，也可作形容詞；golden只作形容詞gold修飾名詞時，是名詞作定語，主要指由金制造的東西，側重材料；也可以形容詞身份修飾名詞，表示“金色的：do you like the gold car?你喜歡這兩金色的車嗎？golden修飾名詞時，文學色彩濃厚，往往帶有比喻意義，表示“黃金般的、“珍貴的、“美好的、“很有前途的等意義，例如：golden age黃金時期；golden chance絕好時機一些習慣使用golden的情形：golden

5、 hair金發(fā)；golden egg/apple金蛋/蘋果 2022，山東卷，閱讀cthe king was wild with joy. he ran around his palace and touched everything he saw. everything was turned into gold!4. governmentn.政府關聯(lián)詞組：central government中央政府；local government地方政府；government official政府官員詞性轉換：governmental adj.政府的；govern v.管理；統(tǒng)治；governor n.管

6、理者；統(tǒng)治者；地方長官2022，浙江卷，閱讀dbig data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments.5. greetingn.祝賀；問候關聯(lián)詞組：greeting card賀卡用法：通常搭配的動詞有send發(fā)送，exchange交換；常用作復數(shù)greetings，表示“賀詞、“問候的話：christmas/birthday greet

7、ings圣誕/生日賀詞詞性轉換：greet v.問候，打招呼2022，北京卷，短文閱讀a gift is necessary when one is invited to visit friends in china. after greetings, the gift should be passed immediately to the host.6. growv.生長；開展；種植；變成詞形變化：過去式grew，過去分詞grown關聯(lián)詞組：grow up長大，成長；grown into成長為；grow rice/vegetables/flowers種水稻/蔬菜/花；grow old變老用法

8、：grow表示“增長含義時，常用語a growing number of的結構，意味“越來越多的：a growing number of people are going vegetarian.越來越多的人開始吃素了。詞性轉換：growth n.增長；開展；生長；種植：the growth of population人口增長2022，北京卷，完形 and moments of failure like this build _20_ since then ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.20. a. trustb. p

9、ridec. characterd. support7. guardn.警戒，保衛(wèi)；保護裝置；v.保衛(wèi)名詞詞組：security guard保安；keep guard站崗；guard dog看門狗動詞詞組：guard against防止，提防2022，重慶卷，閱讀au.s companies pay almost $10 billion a year to protect their property with alarm systems and human guards.8. habitn.習慣；習性關聯(lián)詞組：good/bad habit好/壞習慣；form the habit of養(yǎng)成的習

10、慣；living habit生活習慣；eating habit飲食習慣；out of habit出于習慣；break the habit改掉習慣詞性轉換：habitual adj.習慣的，習以為常的；habitually adv.慣常，習慣地2022，山東卷，單項填空5.my brother has a healthy living habit. he stays up late, and he is an early bird.a. usuallyb. hardlyc. oftend. always9. hangv.懸掛；垂落；吊著；把吊起 詞形變化：過去式hung，過去分詞hung關聯(lián)詞組

11、：hang on堅持下去；握住不放；不掛斷；hang out閑逛；hang up (the phone)掛斷 ；hang onto依附；緊緊抓住用法：hang可作及物動詞，接名詞或代詞作賓語；也可作不及物動詞，其主動形式含有被動意義。例如：you may hang your coat on the hook.你可以把外套掛在鉤子上。all the shirts hang together in the same wardrobe.所有的襯衫都掛在同一個衣櫥里。2022，浙江卷，詞匯運用44. we _ (很少地hang out at weekends recently.10. happenv.

12、偶然發(fā)生；碰巧表示“某地某時發(fā)生了什么事，常用“sth.+ happen +地點/時間句型，此時主語為事情。例如：the story happened in 1998.這個故事發(fā)生在1998年。表示“某人出了某事常指不好的事，常用“sth.+ happen+to sb.這一結構來表達。例如：a car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她發(fā)生了交通事故。what happened to you?=whats wrong with you?你怎么啦?表示“某人碰巧做某事，常用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.來表達。例如：i hap

13、pened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一個朋友。表示“碰巧或恰巧發(fā)生某事時，還可用“it happens/happened that.這一結構來表達。例如：it happened that brian and peter were at home that day.碰巧那天布萊恩和彼得在家了。注：that從句中的主語是人時，該結構可與“sb.+ happen + to do sth.結構互換。例如：it happened that brian and peter were at home that

14、 day.= brian and peter happened to be at home that day.詞性轉換：happening n.發(fā)生的事常用復數(shù)：there have been strange happenings here lately.這兒最近發(fā)生了一些怪事。2022，浙江卷，完形填空how did this happen? i _17_ we were friends.17. a. foundb. admittedc. realizedd. thought11. hardadj.硬的；困難的；努力的；adv.努力地；艱難地；猛烈地形容詞詞組：hard disk硬盤；har

15、d drive硬盤驅動器；have a hard time過得艱難；hard copy硬拷貝；復印件副詞詞組：work hard努力工作學習；try hard努力hard和hardly區(qū)別：hard既是形容詞，又是自己的副詞，表示“努力的地、“猛烈的地；hardly只作副詞，其詞義與hard相去甚遠，指“幾乎不，表示否認概念。試比擬：he works hard.他努力工作。he hardly works.他幾乎不工作。詞性轉換：hardness n.硬度；harden v.硬化；變硬；hardship n.困苦，艱難險阻； 同義詞：difficult adj.困難的反義詞：soft adj.軟

16、的；溫柔的；easy adj.容易的，簡單的2022，浙江卷，完形over three weekends of hard work, sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue.12. healthn.健康，衛(wèi)生關聯(lián)詞組：health care衛(wèi)生保?。籶hysical health身體健康；mental health心理健康；world health organization世界衛(wèi)生組織詞性轉換：healthy adj.健康的，健全的；healthily adv.健康地；heal

17、thiness n.健康，健全同義詞：fitness n.健康；適當 2022，山東卷，單項填空21. tennis can exercise all of our muscles (肌肉) . and it requires _to spend time with others. this is good for our health, too. a. ours b. us c. we13. hearv.聽到；聽說詞形變化：過去式heard，過去分詞heard關聯(lián)詞組：hear from sb.收到某人的信；hear about聽說，得知；hear of聽說過hear與listen的區(qū)別：h

18、ear強調“聽見，即聽的結果；listen強調聽的動作；hear sb. do sth.表示聽到某人做某事的全過程；hear sb. doing sth.強調聽到某人正在做某事。試比擬：i heard him sing a song yesterday.昨天我聽見他唱了一支歌。i could hear people singing happily next door.我可以聽見隔壁有人在歡快地唱歌。2022，江蘇卷，單項填空9.could you speak in a loud voice so that i can hear you _?a. quicklyb. happilyc. slow

19、lyd. clearly14. heatn.熱，高溫；v.加熱；使沖動詞組：heat wave熱浪；heat stroke中暑；heat up加熱詞性轉換：heated adj.熱的；沖動地，劇烈的：heated discussion劇烈的討論；heater n.加熱器2022，山東卷，動詞應用the accident also caused heated discussions on the internet.15. heavyadj.沉重的；大量的，嚴重的用法：除了可指重量之外，heavy常用來表示數(shù)量、程度或嚴重性之大，常見搭配有：heavy traffic擁擠的交通；heavy rai

20、n/snow大雨/雪；heavy drinking/smoking大量飲酒/吸煙詞性轉換：heavily adv.沉重地；猛烈地；heaviness n.沉重；沉悶反義詞：light adj.輕的2022，江蘇卷，閱讀b26. what does the table above show?a. how heavy an egg can be.b. how long to cook an egg in a pan.c. how to make an egg sink.d. how to check the age of an egg.16. helpv.&n.幫助，幫助動詞詞組：help

21、 oneself (to sth.)自用食物，自取所需；cant help (doing sth.)忍不住做，情不自禁名詞詞組：with the help of sb.=with sb.s help在的幫助下；ask for help尋求幫助help作動詞時，即是及物動詞，也是不及物動詞。常用結構有help (sb.) with+名詞，help (sb.) in doing sth.，help (sb.) (to) do sth.接不定式時可以省略to：he always helps (her) with the housework.他總是幫著她做家務。she helped (me) (to)

22、 organize the party. 她協(xié)助我籌備了晚會。help做名詞時，表示“幫助時，常接介詞with；還可以指“有幫助的人或物，這時常接介詞to：your advice was a big help to me.你的建議對我很有幫助。詞性轉換：helpful adj.有幫助的，有益的；helpfully adv.有益地，有用地；helpless adj.無助的；沒用的；helplessly adv.無助地，無能為力地2022，北京卷，短文閱讀i was mortified. my hands were shaking. i couldn't help crying _16_.

23、16. a. sadlyb. shylyc. excitedlyd. nervously17. hidev.把藏起來；隱藏詞形變化：過去式hid，過去分詞hidden關聯(lián)詞組：hide and seek捉迷藏用法：hide可作及物動詞表示“把藏起來，隱瞞，也可作不及物動詞，表示“隱藏，隱瞞。常用的介詞搭配有：hide (sb./sth.) in/under/behind把藏于；hide (sb./sth.) from sb.對隱瞞：do not hide your fear from yourself.不要對自己隱瞞你的恐懼。詞性轉換：hidden adj.隱藏的：hidden trouble

24、/danger隱患2022，湖南卷，語法填空22keep trying, _ you might surprisingly find hidden abilities within you.abutbandcor18. historyn.歷史；歷史學關聯(lián)詞組：in history在歷史上；human history人類歷史；modern history近代史；history museum歷史博物館；history teacher歷史老師詞性轉換：historic adj.有歷史意義的；歷史上著名的；historical adj.歷史的；史學的；基于史實的；historically adv.歷史

25、上地；從歷史觀點上說注意historic和historical的區(qū)別，historic通常表示具有重要歷史意義的；historical通常表示涉及歷史、史學、過去的事實。試比擬：today is a historic day for our country.今天是我國具有歷史意義的日子。he has been doing some historical study.他一直在進行史學研究。2022年，江蘇卷，詞匯檢測43. amy and annie will go on a natural history walk next _星期日.19. hitv.打，撞，擊中詞形變化：過去式hit，過去

26、分詞hit用法：hit sb./sth. with sth.用擊打；hit sth. on/against sth.使身體部位撞到某物：he hit his head on the low ceiling.他的頭碰了低矮的天花板。熟詞僻義：hit作名詞時，除了表示“擊，打，還可表示“很受歡送的人或事：his new record is a real hit.他的新專輯極為成功，引起轟動。近義詞：beat v.敲打2022年，山東卷，動詞應用liu hit the driver with her phone and prevented the driver from driving the bu

27、s safely.20. holdv.拿，抱，握??；進行，舉行詞形變化：過去式held，過去分詞held關聯(lián)詞組：hold on=hang on別掛斷；等一下；hold up舉起；hold back隱瞞；抑制；hold onto=hang onto抓住不放 用法：hold除了表示“拿，握，抱等肢體動作的含義，還經(jīng)常用來表示“進行，舉行，舉辦的意思，常見搭配有hold a meeting/party/competition等。2022年，山東卷，完形then jump straight up as high as you can after the squat position, holding

28、 your arms up directly over your head.21.honestadj.老實的，正直的關聯(lián)詞組：to be honest老實說honest前面的不定冠詞要用an，不用a：an honest man；be honest with sb.對某人老實；be honest about sth.坦誠不隱瞞某事詞性轉換：honesty n.老實，正直；honestly adv.老實地，正直地：honestly (speaking)=to be honest老實說反義詞：dishonest adj.不老實的，不老實的2022年，湖北卷，短文填空to be honest, if

29、i compare china with the us, my answer has always been the same: “we are not worse or better than each other; we are only different.22.honourn.榮譽，榮耀；尊敬美式拼寫：honor關聯(lián)詞組：in honour of為紀念；for the honour of為了的聲譽；have the honour of有幸；guest of honour貴賓用法：復數(shù)形式honours，特指“優(yōu)異成績：graduate with honours以優(yōu)異成績畢業(yè)詞性轉換：h

30、onoured adj.受尊敬的；honourable adj.榮譽的，值得尊敬的反義詞：dishonour n.恥辱，丟臉2022年，湖北卷，閱讀cwe encourage our kids to take honors courses培優(yōu)課程or to have after-school jobs.23.humann.人類；adj.人的，人類的關聯(lián)詞組：human body/brain人體/腦；human being人；人類；human nature人性用法：human也可以作名詞，此時human=human being，意為“人，人類。詞性轉換：humanly adv.像人地；以人力；h

31、umanity n.人類；人道2022年，北京卷，閱讀dnowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge.24.humorousadj.幽默的關聯(lián)詞組：humorous stories幽默故事 詞性轉換：humorously adv.幽默地，滑稽地；humour=humor n.幽默：sense of humour幽默感；black humour黑色幽默2022年，江蘇卷，閱讀a27. what does the underlined word “resolution mean in the passage?a. promise.b. entertainment.c.humourd. secret.25.hungryadj.饑餓的；渴望的用法：hungry通常引申為“渴望的，常用句式有be hungry for sth.或be hungry to do sth.：she is hungry for success.她渴望成功。she was hungry to learn.她渴望學習。詞性轉換：hunger n.饑