高考英語：寫作中的高級表達(dá)+妙記3+如何篩選靚麗詞匯

1、英語學(xué)習(xí)講義妙記3如何篩選靚麗詞匯書面表達(dá)在英語高考中，擔(dān)負(fù)著區(qū)分考生、選拔人才的功能。對于學(xué)優(yōu)生來說，作文拿 到四檔分?jǐn)?shù)僅是一個“平庸分”，很有可能與名校失之交臂，但五檔分?jǐn)?shù)又是把大多數(shù)考生 擋在門外的一道檻。其實，四檔與五檔的差別是微小的，僅僅是一些細(xì)節(jié)的美化而已（參見下表對比展示）。在平時的訓(xùn)練中，考生應(yīng)注重抓一些細(xì)節(jié)，杜絕一些瑕疵，就可以實現(xiàn)由“完 成”到“完美”的蛻變、由“四檔”到“五檔”的晉升。因為本書針對學(xué)優(yōu)生而編寫，所以 其編寫定位起點(diǎn)高（重點(diǎn)講如何打造亮點(diǎn)），目標(biāo)高（直指五檔作文）。讓學(xué)優(yōu)生吃好吃飽、省 時高效是本書的編寫定位。四檔作文與五檔作文評定對比表第四檔（1620分）

2、第五檔（2125分）完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。一雖漏掉一兩個次重點(diǎn)，但覆蓋所有府查甌考修工-應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能匚獻(xiàn)生善好虬。綱、4，,一語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方回應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確，些許錯表誤主要是因嘗試較復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或 二日更近氫,。述,應(yīng)用：直E電語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。至顯了預(yù)期的寫作目的。完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。覆蓋二所汕要點(diǎn)。一應(yīng)用了通的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和 詞匯。一語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯力向有些 許錯誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu) 或救施返球:；具備較強(qiáng)的語 言運(yùn)用能力。遹纏使用了語句間的連 接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。匚需生蟲且。了預(yù)期的寫作目 的。師解讀1 .如何理解“覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)”評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對考生所

3、要求的“覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)”，就是要求考生在寫作時要認(rèn)真審題，確保要點(diǎn)“全而不漏”，要點(diǎn)全面是書面表達(dá)得高分的必要條件。2 .如何理解“應(yīng)用J較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)”“較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)”就是指句式結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性。感嘆句、倒裝句、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)調(diào) 句型、定語從句、非謂語動詞短語等語法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確使用，可以使文章的語言充滿層次 感，從們較好地反映出作者的語百運(yùn)用能力。名3 .如何理解“應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯”這里所說的“應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯”，是指詞匯使用的多樣性，如詞性的多樣性、高 級詞匯的使用、同義詞與反義詞的使用、短語的使用等。4 .如何理解“具備較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力 ”評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對考生所要求的語言得體，就是要求考生在表

4、達(dá)時應(yīng)根據(jù)說話的對象、 時間、地點(diǎn)、場合等選擇使用恰當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z語言，尤箕是不向體裁和題材的文章對用語方 面有著不同的要求。5 .如何理解“有效地使用了語句間的連接成分 ”一篇優(yōu)秀的書面表達(dá)應(yīng)該能做到段與段、句與句之間以一種明晰的、合乎邏輯的順序組織與安排，在文章與結(jié)構(gòu)上層次分明、條理清楚、連貫流暢。閱卷時，一篇高考作文往往在1分鐘內(nèi)就被判定生死，大眾化的詞匯、平庸的表達(dá)已使長時間工作的閱卷老師產(chǎn)生了視覺疲勞。在詞匯方面：如果一篇作文中突然出現(xiàn)幾個與眾不 同、讓人眼前一亮的詞匯，能迅速激起閱卷老師的興奮點(diǎn)，贏得閱卷老師的好感，這是作文 得高分的必備點(diǎn)。熟記四組靚點(diǎn)詞匯讓表達(dá)更鮮更靚本部分英漢對照，

5、主要是便于背誦。使用時先把右列 的詞匯、例句等反復(fù)讀熟，然后把右列遮住，看著左邊的漢語提示來翻譯背誦。第一組名詞及名詞短語機(jī)會1. , A 機(jī)會；時機(jī)例句現(xiàn)在你們有一個好機(jī)會，可以大 大增進(jìn)對彼此的了解。chanceopportunityNow you have an opportunity to develop a greater understanding of each other.選擇2.選擇的余地；可供選擇的事物例句有4個基本的選項，簡述如下。choice alternativeThere are four basic alternati ves; they are describe

6、d briefly below.課程3.課程；學(xué)校等的 全部課程例句所有學(xué)校都設(shè)有音樂和舞蹈課。coursecurriculumAll the schools have music and dancing classes as parts of the curriculum .影響4影響例句他們稱他們預(yù)期這次會議會對 國家的未來產(chǎn)生顯著影響。effectinfluence/impactThey say they expect the meeting to have a marked impact on the future of the country.后果5.結(jié)果，后果例句如果氣候變化繼續(xù)下

7、去， 我們將 自食其果。result consequenceIf climate changes continue, we will suffer the consequences.缺點(diǎn)6.缺點(diǎn)；劣勢例句這種方法的缺點(diǎn)之一是必須把 單詞預(yù)先存儲在系統(tǒng)中。shortcomingdrawbackOne draw back of this approach is that the words must be registered in the system beforehand.方法7.方法；途徑例句我們將探索收集信息的/、同方 法。way approachWe will be exploring

8、different approaches to gathering information.工作8.職業(yè)；專業(yè)例句在這類職業(yè)中，只有20%的崗位 是由女性擔(dān)任的。jobcareer/employment/professionOnly 20 percent of jobs in the professions are held by women.老人9.老人例句家庭中的每個成員都會互相幫 助，特別是照顧好年輕人和老年人。old peoplethe old/the elderly/the aged/senior citizensMembers of a family help one anothe

9、r, with particular care for the very young and the elderly.青少年10.青少年例句激發(fā)這些年輕人的不是對成就 的渴望，而是對失敗的擔(dān)心。young peopleyoungsters/youths/adolescentsThese youngsters are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure.第二組動詞及動詞短語喜歡1. 一喜愛例句他喜歡踢足球，這是他最喜歡的 運(yùn)動。對癡迷例句我對那里發(fā)生的事情都非常感 興趣。likebe fond ofHe is

10、fond of playing football, which is his favourite.be crazy aboutIm crazy about everything that goes on there.相信2 確信；堅信；深信例句就我而言，我堅定地認(rèn)為游客的數(shù)量應(yīng)得到限制，理由如下。believebe fully/firmly convincedAs for me, I m firmly convinced that the number of tourists should be limited for the following reasons.知道3.意識到例句許多人開始意

11、識到鍛煉的重 要性。我深知這是一份艱難的工作。know/realizebe/become aware ofMany people are becoming aw are ofthe importance of exercising. I am well aw are that this is a toughjob.告訴某人某事4，通知某人某事例句請告訴我那邊的情況。tell sb. rm sb. of sth.Please keep me informed of what s going on there.買5購買例句幾天前我在你的店鋪買了一部 手機(jī)。buy purchaseI

12、 purchased a cellphone at your store the other day.引起6.導(dǎo)致；造成后果例句更糟的是，暴力電子游戲可能導(dǎo) 致進(jìn)攻性行為，這比暴力電影更宿害。導(dǎo)致結(jié)果例句緊張和疲勞常導(dǎo)致失眠。causelead toWhat s worse, violent video games can lead to aggressive behaviours, which is more harmful than violent movies.result inStress and tiredness often result in sleeplessness.要求7.

13、、 有禮貌地要求；請求例句所有的游客被要求不能在公園內(nèi)亂扔垃圾。ask requestAll the visitors were requested not to throw litter about in the park.說，認(rèn)為8.主張；認(rèn)為例句我主張我們?nèi)巳硕紤?yīng)該盡力幫 助那些需要幫助的人。指出例句許多專家指出體育鍛煉直接有 助于身體健康。say, think argueI argue that every one of us (should) try our best to help those in need.point outMany experts point out that

14、 physical exercise contributes directly to a person s physical fitness.想出9.提出；想出例句或許我們能想到這個問題的更 好的解決辦法。think of/find outcome up withMaybe we can come up w ith a better solution to the problem.因為某事感謝某人10因為某事感激某人例句我真誠地感激您所做的一切。 因為某事向你表達(dá)我的感激之情例句對您的好意我謹(jǐn)表示我的謝意。 感激（某人）做例句我非常感謝你花這么多時間 幫助我。我衷心感謝你為我和我家人所做的一切

15、Othank sb. for .be thankful/grateful to sb. for sth.I am truly grateful to you for what you have done.express my gratitude to you for .Id like to express my gratitude for your kindness.appreciate (one s) doing/that/sth.I appreciate your giving me so much of your time. I really appreciate what youve

16、done for my family and me.參加活動11 ,參與；參加活動例句希望全班同學(xué)參加討論。參與，熱衷于例句你應(yīng)當(dāng)參與各種各樣的活動。join in an activity participate in an activityEveryone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.get involved in (an activity)You should get involved in various activities.參加比賽12,入?yún)⒓颖荣悾偁幚鋵⒂?0名學(xué)生參加英語演講比 賽。tak

17、e part in a competition compete inThere will be twenty students to compete in the English speech contest.盡力做某事13.不遺余力做某事例句我們將竭盡全力以趕上發(fā)達(dá)的 工業(yè)國家。try ones best to do sth. spare no effort s to do sth.Well spare no effort to catch up with the developed industrial countries.花費(fèi)時間做某事14.把時間奉獻(xiàn)于例句他把業(yè)余時間都用在讀書上。sp

18、end . in doing sth.devote .to .He devotes all his spare time to reading.試圖做某事15.試圖做例句我們應(yīng)該做出努力來徹底解決 這個問題。try to do sth.attempt to do/make an attempt to doWe should make an attempt to thoroughly solve this problem.決定做某事16 ,決定/決心做某事例句我決心要不惜一切代價來實現(xiàn) 自己的目標(biāo)。下定決心做某事例句聽了他的報告后，我想了很多， 反思了以前我所做的事情。我已經(jīng)下定決心 從以下幾個

19、方圓來提高自己。錯誤！Im determined to achieve my goal at any cost.make up one s mind to do sth.Having heard his report, I thought a lot and reflected on what I did before. I have made up my mind to improve myself in the following ways.依罪；依賴17.依靠；信賴?yán)渌麄冇盟荒芤揽窟@條河。相信我會全心全意地幫助你。depend on rely on/count onThey have

20、 to rely on the river for their water.You can count on me to help you heart and soul.不知道該怎么說/做18.不知所措例句我在生人面前總是不知要說什 么。dont know what to say/do be at a loss what to say/doI am always at a loss w hat to say in front of strangers.想做某事19.計劃/打算做某事例句就我所知，他們每一個人都想成 關(guān)L名模范學(xué)生。want to do end doing/to d

21、o sth.So far as I know, every one of them intends to be a model student.第三組形容詞及形容詞性短語有用的1 ,，有用的；有益處的例句體育運(yùn)動有益于增強(qiáng)我們的體 質(zhì)。有益的；值得做的例句眾所周知，學(xué)好英語是有好處 的。helpfulbeneficialSports are beneficial to building our bodies.rewardingAs is known to us all, learning English well is very rew arding .好的2,杰出的例句他是一位杰出的科學(xué)家，

22、 對我國做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。非凡的卓越的完美的例句你的發(fā)音很完美，這令人羨慕。極好的例句“你要來么？”他激動地說：“那太好了！簡直難以置信！”goodoutstandingHe is an outstanding scientist, who has made a great contribution to our country.extraordinarybrilliantperfectYour pronunciation is perfect, which is admirable.fantastic“You re coming ? ” he said excitedly. Thats fan

23、tastic! Thats incredible !普通的3.平常的，普通的例句他是一個普通的學(xué)生， 但是做了 許多好事。ordinaryaverageHe is an average student, but he did many good deeds.許多4 , 一,成千上萬的例句每年成千上萬的游客都會涌入 這個景區(qū)來欣賞這里美麗的風(fēng)景。many hundreds of thousands ofHundreds of thousands of tourists pour into this scenic spot to admire the amazing scenery every y

24、ear.興奮的5.極為激動的，非常興奮的例句聽到這個好消息后我非常興奮。excitedthrilledI was thrilled when I heard the good news.美麗的6.迷人的；有魅力的例句我的同桌是一個動人的、 文雅的 女孩。beautiful/prettycharming/attractiveMy deskmate is a charming and elegant girl充足的7.足夠的 可以修飾可數(shù)、/、可數(shù)例句我的薪水不夠維持一家的生活。enoughadequateMy salary is not adequate to support our famil

25、y.巨大的，大量的8.相當(dāng)大的；重要的例句改變這種情形需要每個人付出 很大的努力。large/great considerable/enormousChanging this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.努力的，勤奮的9.勤奮的；刻苦的例句她是一個勤奮的老師，她工作非 常勤奮。hard- workingdiligentShe is a diligent teacher and she is diligent in her work.重要的10 , 一 ,啟重要意義的例句老師的鼓勵對他/她的學(xué)生具有

26、 重要思義。對至關(guān)重要，關(guān)鍵的例句學(xué)好英語對你未來就業(yè)至關(guān)重 要。importantof great significance/importanceEncouragement from a teacher is really of great significance /importance to his/her students.be critical/vital toLearning English well is critical /v ital to your future employment.有用的11,，,有用的用of+名詞例句這本書對你會有很大用處。useful of useT

27、his book will be of great use to you.有價值的12 , 一,有價值的用of +名詞例句所獲得的經(jīng)驗對我們有很大價值。valuableof valueThe experience gained will be of great value to us.啟益的，有好處的13.有益的用of +名詞beneficialof benefitThis project is of great benefit to例句這項工程對每個人都大有好處。everyone.有幫助的14. 一 .， 一一有幫助的用of +名詞例句你的建議對我很有幫助。helpful of helpYo

28、ur suggestions are of great help to me.遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)方的15.遙遠(yuǎn)的；偏遠(yuǎn)的例句他來自一個偏遠(yuǎn)的村莊。faraway distant/remoteHe is from a distant/remote village.困難的16,具有挑戰(zhàn)性的例句這是一個要求極嚴(yán)的、 具有挑戰(zhàn) 性的工作。hard/difficultchallengingIt s a demanding and challenging job.越來越多的17.日益增長的例句越來越多的人開始意識到教育 不能隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束。許多例句許多學(xué)生反對這個主意。很多，非常多例句這個圖書館有相當(dāng)多英語書。m

29、ore and more a growing number of/an increasing number ofAn increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.many aMany a student is against the idea.a good manyThere are a good many English books in the library.許多種類的18.許多不同種類的例句自然保護(hù)區(qū)里有許多不同種類 的珍稀動植物。

30、范圍廣的，種類多的例句你有很大的選擇余地。many kinds ofa wide variety of/variousThere are a w ide variety of rare animals and plants in the nature reserve.a wide range ofThere is a w ide range of choices open to you.勞累的，疲憊的19 .一.筋疲力盡的例句學(xué)習(xí)了一天，我都累壞了。筋疲力盡的；疲憊不堪的例句夜里沒有休息好，課堂上我感到 筋疲力盡。tired worn outI was w orn out after a da

31、y of studying.exhaustedNot sleeping well, I always feel exhausted in class.聰明的20,，一,聰明的；有才智的例句她精力充沛，聰明活潑。cleverintelligentShe is energetic, intelligent and lively.第四組副詞、連詞及其他非常1 極端地；非常例句我的手機(jī)非常有用。特別地例句約翰似乎特別喜歡她。蘇珊和約翰對于獲得這個獎項感到興 奮/、已。very cold/beautiful 等 extremelyMy mobile phone is extremely useful.

32、especially/particularly John seems to be particularly fond of her. Susan and John were especially thrilled with this award.非常2 ,. 非常，不僅僅是例句如果有什么我能為你做的， 我將 非常樂意幫忙。very delighted/pleased/happy 等 more than delighted/pleased/happy 等If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help

33、.有時3.偶爾，有時候例句我們偶爾去田野里散步。偶爾，有時候例句他偶爾來我們房中閑談。sometimes occasionallyWe go for walks in the fields occasionally .once in a whileHe comes to our room for a chat every once in a w hile.明顯地4不用說例句不用說它對我們的健康是有好 處的。obviously/apparentlyit goes without saying thatIt goes w ithout saying that it will do us a lot

34、 of good.大約5.大約，近似例句面積大概啟,白平方千米。about approximatelyThe area is approximately 100 square kilometers.6.也例句我喜歡踢足球，也喜歡游泳。too as wellI like playing football and I enjoy swimming as well.因此；所以7.因此例句我們的人 M增長， 因此我們 需要更多的食物。他很忙，因此他不能來。soand therefore therefore 是副詞 We have a growing population and therefore w

35、e need more food. He was busy; therefore he could not come. (therefore 前要用分號)否則；或者8.否則；不然例句抓住這個機(jī)會，否則你會后悔 的。oror else/otherwiseSeize the chance, otherw ise/or else youll regret it.如果9.如果，只要例句第三，你們說如果我提前付費(fèi) 的話就可以給我打折。假如不卜雨我就去。ifprovided/providing that Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided/providing (that) I pay in advance. I shall go providing /provided (that) it doesnt rain.和10,和，同樣例句這次比賽不僅