【備考高考】高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)任務(wù)型閱讀(附答案)

1、任務(wù)型閱讀（附答案 ）一、高中英語任務(wù)型閱讀1 Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Spacewalk!Most people don't know that the anniversary of an important event in space explorati

2、on occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity （EVA） or spacewalk. It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that i

3、s vital for the success of manned space missions.In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide. Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomesfirm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerou

4、sly sick after returning to their spacecraft.Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites during EVAs. On July 20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the

5、 first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity about 17 percent of Earth's, which means Neil needed a special suit for walking on the moon's surface. Suits for the moon are equipped for exploration far from any vehicles, including tough boots that can resist cuts from

6、the rough surface while walking. But sharp rocks weren't the only danger to astronauts.The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles （顆 粒 ） left over from the numerous meteorite （隕石 ） strikes on the moon. Whenastronauts would leave the moon's g

7、ravity, the dust on their suits began floating all over. It got into delicate equipment inside the spacecraft and the astronaut's eyes and lungs. As different space agencies plan for returning people to the moon, new EVA suit designs will have to take something else into account. Keeping astrona

8、uts safe also means keeping their suits clean.A. However, EVAs don't just happen in empty space.B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing joints and seals to fail.C. Spacesuits also have to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk.D. Unfortunately, most people have no idea about space

9、 exploration or spacesuits.E. Without the ability to work in space, we are unable to keep our space programs functional.F. There are a few things that must be taken into account to make an EVA both safe and effective 【答案】F； C； A； B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。1965年3月18日，宇航員阿列克謝列奧諾夫成為完成艙外活動（EVA）第一人?，F(xiàn)在，宇航員穿著現(xiàn)代宇航服

10、在太空從事許多復(fù)雜的工作。為 了保證宇航員的安全，新宇航服的設(shè)計也有更高的要求。（ 1）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后" In space, a spacesuit must protectpeople from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide." 可知宇航服必須保護(hù)人們免受極冷和極熱的傷害，提供空氣，并去除多余的二氧化碳。F.There are a few things that must be taken into account t

11、o make an EVA both safe and effective “為了使艙外活動在太空中既安全又有效，有幾件事必須被考慮進(jìn)去”承接上文，afew things 就是指后文的protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, andremove extra carbon dioxide. 故選F。（ 2）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“T oo much of it, and the spacesuitbecomes firm and difficult to move in. Too li

12、ttle of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft. 可知（氣壓）太高的話，宇航服就會變硬，很難穿進(jìn) ”去。如果（氣壓）過低，宇航員回到飛船后可能會生病。連接下文，C. Spacesuits alsohave to maintain ideal air pressure during a spacewalk. “宇航服還必須在（宇航員）太空行走時保持理想的氣壓?！鼻蓄}。C項的air pressure與下文的代詞it相呼應(yīng)。故選C。（ 3）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷

13、能力。根據(jù)空前"Astronauts now perform complexjobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits" 可知宇航員現(xiàn)在穿著現(xiàn)代宇航服，在空曠的太空中從事復(fù)雜的工作；再根據(jù)空后“ On Juyl20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrongset foot on the moon for the first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity 可知除了在太空工作，19

14、69 年美國宇航員阿姆斯特朗第一次登上月球。承上啟下，月球上沒有大氣，但有地球引力。A. However, EVAs don't just happen in empty space. “然而，艙外活動并不只是發(fā)生在廣闊的太空中。”切題，故選A。（ 4）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前"The moon surface is covered with afine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles （顆粒 ） left over from the numerous meteorite （隕石）

15、strikes on the moon" 可知月球表面覆蓋著一種灰塵，這種灰塵由撞上月亮的隕石留下的小顆粒組成的。承接上文，B. It sticks to everything, eventually causing jointsand seals to fail. “它可以粘在任何東西上，最終導(dǎo)致連接和密封（的東西）沒法用?！鼻蓄}。 B 項的 it 代指前文的a fine and flour-like dust 。選B?！军c評】本題要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。2 Read the passage carefully. Fill in each

16、blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.If you shower before bed, you've probably wondered whether sleeping with damp hair is a problem. Maybe you've heard it could make you sick, or that it can

17、damage your hair or skin.What's the truth? Let's address the "it can make you sick" myth first. "" says Dr.William Schaffner, a professor of medicine. While this idea persists, Schaffner says it was long ago disproved. It's true that you're much more likely to cat

18、ch a common cold during the winter months. But this has to do with the ways respiratory （呼吸的 ） viruses spread, he says.Illness-causing bacteria and viruses don't appear naturally, and so you're not going to make yourself ill by getting your pillow a little damp at night, Schaffner says. But

19、there is a possible exception. Some research has shown that pillows especially those made with synthetic materials can contain asthma- or allergy-triggering molds （哮喘或致敏菌） and fungus, whichtend to do well in damp environments, and so do dust mites, says Dr. Payel Gupta, a spokesperson for the Americ

20、an Lung Association.Gupta says there's no evidence that people who sleep with wet hair experience more allergy or asthma symptoms. But if you wake up with a stuffy nose, itchy or watery eyes,breathing problems or other allergy or asthma symptoms or even if you don't you should wash your pill

21、ow cases and sheets in hot water at least once a week to reduce your exposure to any potential irritants （刺激物）.When it comes to the health of your hair and skin, there may be a few other reasons to worry about wet hair. "Generally, it's thought not to be good for hair to sleep with it wet,&

22、quot; says Dr. George Cotsarelis, a professor of dermatology （皮膚病學(xué)）, ""It's also worth noting that almost anything you do to your hair from brushing and blow-drying it to coloring it or exposing it to the sun can damage it.A. Hence, any concerns about wet hair are theoretical.B. In som

23、e cases, wet hair may actually be a helpful sleep aid.C. Over time, it can lead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine.D. There may be some mild risks associated with going to bed with wet hair.E. Another wet-hair rumor （謠傳） is the idea that harmful bacteria will colonize your pillow.F. This idea

24、seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause you to come down with a cold.【答案】F； E； A； C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹人們普遍認(rèn)為濕著頭發(fā)睡覺不利于健康，但是毫無科學(xué)依據(jù)，但濕頭發(fā)睡覺對頭發(fā)有不利影響。（ 1）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“ While this idea persists, Schaffnersays it was long ago disproved. 可知，盡管這個觀點仍然存在

25、，但是很久之前就被證明是錯 ”誤的， F. This idea seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause you to come down with a cold. “這個觀點似乎和舊的觀念相融合，這一觀念認(rèn)為感受到冷和濕潤很可能會感冒”，承接下文，切題，故選F。（ 2）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“ Illnes-scausing bacteria and virusesdon't appear naturally, and so yo

26、u're not going to make yourself ill by getting your pillow a little damp at night, Schaff ner says. 可知，致病病菌不會自然出現(xiàn)，因此，不用因為打濕了一點枕 ”頭就覺得會感冒，E. Another wet-hair rumor （謠傳 ） is the idea that harmful bacteria willcolonize your pillow. “關(guān)于濕頭發(fā)的謠言就是細(xì)菌會占滿你的枕頭”，后文對這個觀點進(jìn)行了反駁，切題，故選E。（ 3）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前

27、“ Guptasays there's no evidence thatpeople who sle ep with wet hair experience more allergy or asthma symptoms 可知，沒有證據(jù)”表明因為濕頭發(fā)睡覺更有可能過敏或者風(fēng)濕癥狀，A. Hence, any concerns about wet hairare theoretical. “因此，任何關(guān)于濕頭發(fā)的擔(dān)憂都是理論上的”，沒有實際意義，開啟下文，切題，故選A。（ 4）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前“ Generally, it's thought not t

28、o be goodfor hair to sleep with it wet 可知，一般說來，濕頭發(fā)睡覺對頭發(fā)不好， ”C. Over time, it canlead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine. “長時間這樣的話，頭發(fā)容易斷，無光澤”，承接上文，切題，故選C?！军c評】本題要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。3 任務(wù)型閱讀Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the

29、box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Most parents know that they need life insurance. But many would rather have a root canal than shop for the best life insurance policy.“ People don't think about, What will my family do if I am gone and

30、 not earning a living?'Peter Katt, a fee-only life insurance adviser.“ The whole point of this kind of planning is to providethe family with maximum flexibili ty so they're not stuck.”Planning for your death is not a cheerful topic. Too often, parents make a quick decision, ignoring importan

31、t considerations. Among their mistakes one is that they do not buy enough life insurance. “ They don't thiantkththe person who is not bringing in an income needs lifeinsurance,” says Greg Daugherty, executive editor of Consumers Union. But if that person dies,the other parent can't stop work

32、ing and usually has to pay someone to help care for the family.Katt recommended that one young couple should buy $3 million for the husband who earns $100,000 a year and $1 million for the stay-at-home wife.At the same time, many families rely on employer-provided life insurance, but employer- provi

33、ded coverage is rarely sufficient to support your family. Many employer-provided policies provide a death benefit of $10,000 to $25,000 barely enough to cover your funeral expense. Some employers provide a year's salary, but that may also fall well short of the amount your family would need to m

34、aintain its standard of living.Some employers let workers buy group life insurance through payroll deductions. They may be a good deal for workers who have health problems that would disqualify them for an individual policy. But if you're young and healthy, you may be able to get a better rate o

35、n your own.Another drawback is that if you leave your job, you may not be able to take your insurance. “ Given the job market, most of us are not absolutely certain that our jobs are secure, Daugherty says. “ ”O(jiān)n the other hand, some families buy too much insurance. Not everyone needs life insurance

36、. Some people buy life insurance for babies, which is unnecessary, unless the baby is a child model who is supporting the family, Daugherty says: The purpose of insurance is to replace the income that a family has been relying on. Single people and those who have no children to care for usually don&

37、#39;t need life insurance.Katt says a man with substantial savings in stocks and bonds and other sources of income recently asked him how much life insurance he needs.“ I said none, ” Katt says.A. There are people who don't need life insurance but have it and many more people who need it but are

38、 woefully uninsured.B. Families don't always insure a parent who is staying home to care for the children.C. Most people put off buying life insurance for any number of reasons if they even understand it.D. Even if you have a lot of insurance at work, it makes sense to have some more insurance o

39、nyour own.E. If you fall seriously ill of suffer significant injury later, it will make it tougher to get that kind of policy, if any at all.F. To make insurance more affordable, you may not need to buy the same amount of insurance for both parents.【答案】B; F; D; A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，大多數(shù)父母都知道他們需要生命保險，但不愿

40、購買最優(yōu)質(zhì)的人壽保險。有些人不需要保險卻持有著保險，而許多需要保險的人不幸的是，沒 有保險。(1)考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“They don't think that the person whois not bringing in an income needs life insurance "因為他們不認(rèn)為沒有收入的人需要人身保 險?？芍懊嬲f的是人們不會為在家照顧孩子的一個家長買保險。故選 Bo(2)考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后“Katt recommended that one youngcouple should buy $3 mil

41、lion for the husband who earns $100,000 a year and $1 million for the stay-at-home wife.”凱特建議一對年輕夫婦給每年收入10萬美元的丈夫買300萬美元保險，給當(dāng)家庭主婦的妻子買1百萬?？梢缘弥蚱揠p方購買的保險數(shù)目不用相同。故選F。(3)考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前"Given the job market, most of us arenot absolutely certain that our jobs are secure考慮到務(wù)工市場；多數(shù)人不能確定自己工作的保障性。因此即

42、使你有工作保險，擁有一些保障自己的保險仍然是重要的。故選Do(4)考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前"Katt says a man with substantialsavings in stocks and bonds and other sources of income recently asked him how much life insurance he needs.”卡特說，一個在股票、債券和其他來源上有大量儲蓄的人咨詢自己要 買多少人壽保險，說明卡特想要指出有些人不需要保險卻持有著保險，而許多需要保險的 人不幸的是，沒有保險。故選Ao【點評】本題要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)

43、信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。4.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余 選項。Porridge doesn't have a very tasty name, does it? . I'm here to try and convince youthat porridge can be a delicious, convenient and very healthy way to start the day.Porridge is a type of food served for breakfast, usuall

44、y a type of grain with either milk or water.It is thicker than liquid, but not solid. , so it's a very good option for people who are ill,and it provides long-lasting energy for the day.Porridge preparation, such as the amount of materials and cooking time depends on what you choose to use as yo

45、ur porridge base., I put a very big handful of oats （ 麥片）in a pot, add a little bit of water and about 200ml of milk, and let the mixture boil. It takes about five minutes to cook.Once it's cooked, the fun part is adding the flavors ( 味道).Porridge alone doesn't have a very strong flavour., I

46、 think this is what makes porridge exciting! It is like a blank piece of paper-you can add almost anything you want to the porridge base. Seeds, nuts and dried fruits are very healthy options to add and can give you energy for the day. But if you don't like these, or you're allergic, then su

47、gar and chocolate are also very tasty options. Either oats or corn or both are "staple foods" for most people on the earth. You can usually buy big bags of either, then add local materials to make your porridge interesting- whatever is cheap and convenient to find, wherever you are.Hopeful

48、ly porridge sounds a lot tastier now! A. If you've never eaten itB. If I'm cooking for myselfC. The porridge base is very easy to digestD. It doesn't have a very tasty reputation, eitherE. It is often heated up but lacks all kinds of nutritionF. You can make porridge almost anywhere in t

49、he worldG. Although some people think this makes porridge boring【答案】D; C; B; G; F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。粥是很好的早餐，但是很多人不喜歡它，認(rèn)為其寡淡無味。在讀完文章之后，你會對粥有一個全新的認(rèn)識。(1)根據(jù)前文 “Porridge doesn't have a very tasty name, does it?可知，粥聽起來并不美味， 因此本空承接上文論述，故答案選 Do(2)根據(jù)后文 "sot's a very good option for people who are i

50、ll, and it provides long-lasting energy for the day.司推測粥很好消化，所以對于生病的人來說是一個很好的選擇，它能為 人體提供持久的能量，故答案選 Co(3) 根據(jù)下文 “p ut a very big handful of oats (麥片)in a pot, add a little bit of water and about 200ml of milk, and let the mixture boil. It takes about five minutes to cook. 可知是作者在 敘述煮粥的方法，故對應(yīng)下文應(yīng)選B如果我煮粥的

51、話”，我會把一大把燕麥放進(jìn)鍋里，加一點點水，約200克牛奶，然后煮開這種混合物。故答案選Bo(4)根據(jù)后文 “I think this is what makes porridge exciting!(我認(rèn)為這正是粥令人興奮的地 方)可知，此空應(yīng)為與后文完全相反的觀點，故可對應(yīng)到G選項：雖然有些人認(rèn)為這使粥無聊。故答案選Go(5)根據(jù)本段最后一句 "whereveryou are可知，你幾乎可以在世界上任何地方做粥。故 答案選F?！军c評】閱讀理解七選五解題步驟1)分析選項，串聯(lián)主題：了解文章的主題、大意，會讓解題的方向更明確。2)研究空格前后，對比選項，選擇答案。 3)復(fù)讀短文，核對

52、答案：為了保證答案的正確性，一定要 把答案代入原文，進(jìn)行核對檢查。5 任務(wù)型閱讀Help Migrant WorkersThere is nothing like going home. More so if it is for the Spring Festival family reunion. For a migrant worker it perhaps means even more. To be able to set out on a homeward journey with money from a year's toil in his pocket is the b

53、est thing he can think of. They had topress hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up.About 200 million migrant workers nationwide are something left behind by economic reforms and opening up due to their contributions in the past three decades. It is almost impossib

54、le to imagine life in these places without them. However, they still form a disadvantaged group. Their rights are violated in different forms. Among other things, unpaid salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions. They have taken m

55、easures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them. Yet, as the financial crisis bites deep, some small enterprises that are struck the most try to reduce their economic losses by laying off migrant workers or refusing to pay them. So it is particularly important for governments at all

56、levels to do an even better job in helping villager- turned-workers recover their unpaid salaries before the Spring Festival.It is good news that quite a number of local governments have organized special taskforces to conduct inspections in those labor-intensive enterprises to make sure they have p

57、aid their migrant workers in a timely and fair manner. Construction commissions in almost all provinces have published hotlines for farmer-turned-construction workers to lodge complaints against their employers for withholding their salaries. But we need to look for solutions that willwork at all ti

58、mes. We need to put in place a mechanism that will effectively prevent employers from holding back salaries to workers.A. Some have reportedly climbed up chimneys to jump to their death unless they get their defaulted salaries.B. It is something every Chinese look forward to as the traditional gala

59、draws near.C. Unfortunately, weeks preceding the Spring Festival have turned out to be hard times for migrant workers.D. Hopefully, these efforts will send more workers on a happy journey home for the Spring Festival with their salaries in their pockets.E. However difficult the situations they are in, it is too cruel and unfair for employers to hold back salaries they should pay their migrant workers.F. Objectively speaking, governments at variou