中考英語語法16：倒裝句

1、專題十六 倒裝句第一部分 中考英語語法專題基本語序基本語序/自然語序自然語序（natural order）：）：主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語 （subject + predicate+ object）I love English.謂語謂語+主語主語倒裝倒裝1 (inversion)Here came the headmaster.助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語主語 + 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞倒裝倒裝2 (inversion)Never will I forgive you.英語句子的語序英語句子的語序倒裝句|句裝倒 英語句子的自然順序是主語在前英語句子的自然順序是主語在前,謂語在后謂語在后（主語（主

2、語+謂語）。把謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語之前謂語）。把謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語之前（謂語（謂語+主語）主語）,就叫就叫倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。inversions倒裝句完全倒裝部分倒裝There is an apple on the tree.There lives an old man in the cottage.一、完全倒裝一、完全倒裝1. There be1. There be結(jié)構(gòu)。另外結(jié)構(gòu)。另外, ,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替替bebe動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有: :seem, happen, appear, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, standliv

3、e, rise, stand等。等。如如: :There stood a dog before him.鞏固練習(xí):1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There stand; at B. There stands; underC. Stands there; underD. There stands; atThere exist different opinions on this question.There goes the bell.Here lay a dog.2 (1).在以在以here、there、now、then等副

4、詞開等副詞開頭的句子里。頭的句子里。 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主語 結(jié)構(gòu)。 Here comes a little boy!注意：注意：如果主語是人稱代詞如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝就不用倒裝。如:Here you are.There she comes.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.一個(gè)小男孩來這兒了。公交車來了現(xiàn)在該輪到你了The runners went away.=Away went the runners.The price goes up every da

5、y.=Up goes the price every day.(2). 表示方向的副詞表示方向的副詞out, in, up, down,away等置等置于句首于句首,要用全部倒裝。要用全部倒裝。如果主語是人稱代詞如果主語是人稱代詞,就就不用倒裝。不用倒裝。如如:In came Mr. White.2) There _. And here _. A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she White

6、先生進(jìn)來了孩子們都站起來了這個(gè)男孩走開了Up stood the children.Away went the boy.3) Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed he C. he rushedD. he did rush4) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him. A. Jumped down the robber B. Jumped the robber down C. Down jumped the robb

7、er D. Down the robber jumped A chair was behind the door. =Behind the door was a chair. A teacher is standing in the middle of the classroom. In the middle of the classroom is standing a teacher.(3).當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組(如如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等等)在句首時(shí),用全部

8、倒裝。 5) Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old一個(gè)漂亮的湖位于山腳下At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.兩個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子位于湖東部 East of the lake lie two towns.樹底下正躺著一個(gè)受傷的戰(zhàn)士Under the tree is lying a wounded soldier.二、部分倒裝二、部分倒裝 部分倒裝是把部分倒裝是把be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞放放

9、到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞,要在主語之要在主語之前加前加助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞do / does / did等等,而把原來的謂語動(dòng)詞而把原來的謂語動(dòng)詞變成原形放在主語之后。變成原形放在主語之后。 He can not only speak English,but also can speak French. =Not only can he speak English ,but also he can speak French. He had no sooner got on the bus than it began to move. No sooner had

10、he got on the bus than it began to move.1. 1. 句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。這類詞或短語主要有這類詞或短語主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）, hardly, not only, in no way（決不）（決不）, at no time, few, not, no等等, 我對(duì)他沒說一句話我從來沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)他如此的高興他一上床就睡著了關(guān)于我所說的話他一點(diǎn)也不在乎我不會(huì)游泳，他也不會(huì)Not a word did I say to him.Never

11、have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.鞏固練習(xí):1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived at B. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like tha

12、t before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seenC. never have I seen D. I have seen3) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do He is a teacher, so am I. The rain was so heavy that we had to stay at home. =So heavy was the rain that we had

13、 to stay at home.2. so或或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。要部分倒裝。如如: I have seen the film, so has she.我看這部電影了，她也看了他說話聲音如此的大甚至連隔壁的人們都能夠聽到So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.4) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did so C. Charlie doe

14、s soD. did Charlie so5) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could You can solve the problem only in this way. =Only in this way can you solve the problem.3. only + 狀語短語或狀語從句狀語短語或狀語從

15、句放在句首放在句首,要部分要部分倒裝。倒裝。如如: Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介詞短語)Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副詞)Only when he finished his work can he go to bed. (從句) 6) Only in this way _ make progress in your English. A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to 7) O

16、nly when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able toD. was able to he He didnt do his homework until his mother came back. = Not until his mother came back did he do his homework.4. Not until放在句首放在句首,從句不倒裝從句不倒裝,主句倒裝主句倒裝。如如: Not until my son had en

17、tered the university did he realize the importance of time. (復(fù)合句)他們直到上周才找到丟失的自行車Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (簡單句)我兒子直到進(jìn)入大學(xué)才意識(shí)到時(shí)間的重要性9) Not until the early years of the 19th century _know what heat is. A. man didB. manC. didnt manD. did man10) Not until I began to work _ realize

18、how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I B. did I C. I didntD. I He often goes to school late. =Often does he go to school late.5. 在以在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞等方式或頻度副詞(短語短語)開頭的句子中開頭的句子中,要用部要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如如:Many a time has John given me good advice.我們經(jīng)常做那個(gè)測試。12) Many a time _ sw

19、imming alone.A. the boy wentB. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy練習(xí) 1. -“ Look ! Here _.” -“Oh, thank God . Here_.” A. the teacher comes ; he comes B. comes the teacher ; comes he C. does the teacher come ; does he come D. comes the teacher ; he comesD 2. We waited and waited. _ we had

20、been looking forward to. A. Then came the moment B. Then did the moment come C. The moment then came D. Then was coming the moment 3. _can you expect to get a pay rise. AWith hard work BAlthough work hard COnly with hard work DNow that he works hardAC 4. Only after _ to go to school. A. New China wa

21、s founded ; he was able B. was New China founded ; was he able C. New China came into being ; was he able D. New China founded ;he was able 5. Little _ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared CB 6. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was . A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villager