高三英語(yǔ)第一輪復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)課件9

1、 Units 910 Health care & American literature (2009金麗衢十二校聯(lián)考)每年高考之前總會(huì)出現(xiàn)“高考移民”，他們?cè)O(shè)法到錄取分?jǐn)?shù)線較低的省份參加考試。你班同學(xué)就此展開討論，提出了以下兩種意見(jiàn)：贊同反對(duì)1.想上好大學(xué)，應(yīng)予以理解；2錄取分?jǐn)?shù)不一，對(duì)高分地區(qū)學(xué)生不公平；3學(xué)生也是公民，應(yīng)該有此權(quán)利和機(jī)會(huì)1.到其他地方會(huì)增加當(dāng)?shù)厣龑W(xué)壓力；2對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)生不利，也是一種不公平；3主要有利于有權(quán)勢(shì)者，對(duì)普通百姓不公平 請(qǐng)就此給學(xué)生英語(yǔ)報(bào)(Student Times)寫一篇報(bào)道，說(shuō)明上述討論情況。 說(shuō)明： 1詞數(shù)120左右； 2標(biāo)題和開頭段已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞

2、數(shù)。 Students on the Move for Their ExamsFair or Unfair? Every year some students from highscore areas move to other provinces to take the college entrance examination. Recently we had a discussion about this. _ _ 參考答案 Students on the Move for Their ExamsFair or Unfair? Every_year_some_students_from_h

3、ighscore_areas_move_to_other_provinces_to_take_the_college_entrance_examination._Recently_we_had_a_discussion_about_this. Some think it understandable for the students to move to other places to take the exam since they want to be able to study at a better university. And it seems to be the right of

4、 a student as a citizen to have such a chance, especially those from an area of high entry score. Otherwise, they have to get much higher scores to enter a university than those who are from a low entryscore province. Others take a quite different stand. They think those who are from highscore areas

5、 would add pressure to the areas they move to, which also means unfair to those students in lowscore areas. Whats more, it seems to be just favourable to the powerful and not fair to ordinary people. So they dont think it a good thing. .重點(diǎn)單詞 1_(n.)統(tǒng)計(jì)資料；(一組)數(shù)據(jù)；統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) 2_(n.) 津貼；補(bǔ)助 3_(v.) 濫用；虐待；辱罵 (n.) 濫用

6、；虐待；辱罵 4_(adv.) 無(wú)論如何；至少 5_(n.) 祈禱；禱告 6_(vi.)(wept, wept) 哭；哭泣 答案 1statistics2.allowance3.abuse4.anyhow 5prayer6.weep .詞匯拓展 1devotion_(v.)獻(xiàn)身；專心于 2significance_(adj.)有意義的 3incident_(adj.)容易發(fā)生的，伴隨的 4unfortunate_(反義詞)_(n.)運(yùn)氣 5chemist_(n.)化學(xué)_(adj.)化學(xué)的 6pressure_(v.)按，壓 7fundamental_(n.)_(n.)基本性 8insuranc

7、e_(v.)_(adj.)可以保險(xiǎn)的 9simplify_(adj.)簡(jiǎn)單的 10approve_(adj.)被認(rèn)可的_(adj.)可批準(zhǔn)的，可贊同的 11baggage_(同義詞)行李 12worn_(v.)穿，佩帶 13bell_(n.)肚子；腹部 14furnish_(n.)家具 15prince_(n.)公主 答案 1devote2.significant3.incidental4.fortunate; fortune 5chemistry; chemical6.press7.fundament; fundamentality 8insure; insurable9.simple10.

8、approved; approvable 11luggage12.wear13.belly14.furniture15.princess .重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 1lead _ 通向；導(dǎo)致 2put pressure _ 對(duì)施加壓力 3aim _ 以為目標(biāo) 4depend _ 依靠，取決于 5thanks _ 多虧，由于 6suffer _ 遭受 7get rid _ 擺脫 8make ends _ 使收支相抵；量入為出 9make matters _ 使情況更困難或更危險(xiǎn) 10lay _ 解雇；不理會(huì)；使下崗 11be burdened _ 負(fù)重?fù)?dān) 12do _ 處理；對(duì)付 13be anxious _

9、 為擔(dān)心；為著急 14inside _ 徹底地；里面翻到外面 15_ length 終于；最后；詳細(xì)地 16fix sth. _ sb./sth. 全神貫注于；凝視 17let _ 不支持；使失望 18do _ 打扮；梳妝 19take pride _ 感到自豪 20attend _ 處理；照顧；關(guān)照 答案 1to2.on3.at4.on5.to6.from7.of 8meet9.worse10.off11.with12.with 13about14.out15.at16.on(upon)17.down 18up19.in20.to .重點(diǎn)句型 1If lowincome families c

10、ant afford to purchase medical insurance, as was the case with Wang Lin, other measures to reduce poverty will not succeed.如果低收入家庭買不起醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，正如王林的情況那樣，那么其他的脫貧措施就不能成功。 2Fleming continued his search until a fortunate incident led him to a new discovery of even greater significance.弗萊明繼續(xù)進(jìn)行探索，直到一次偶然的機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致了他

11、那具有更大意義的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。 3Treatments were neither scientific nor effective, and many patients suffered deadly infections as a result of operations.治療既沒(méi)有科學(xué)性又無(wú)效果，因此許多病人由于手術(shù)而遭受致命的感染。 4Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.明天就是圣誕節(jié)了，可她只有1.87美元來(lái)給吉姆買份禮物。 5So lets forge

12、t about it now and have our dinner, shall we？咱們不談這事了。現(xiàn)在吃飯好嗎？ .重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 1Review the Subjunctive Mood 2(復(fù)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣2) 2Review Verb Tenses(復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)) .詞匯聚焦 1consult vt. & vi.向咨詢；查閱 搭配：consult with sb.與某人商量；consult on/about sth.就某事進(jìn)行磋商；consult sb. about sth.向某人請(qǐng)教，咨詢某事 Have you consulted your doctor about your

13、illness? 關(guān)于你的病情，你找你的醫(yī)生看過(guò)了嗎？ Have you consulted with the other members of the team? 你和其他隊(duì)員商量過(guò)了嗎？ He consulted his dictionary to look up the meaning of the word “apotheosis” 他在字典中查看“apotheosis”這個(gè)單詞的意思。 指點(diǎn)迷津 consult查閱(詞典等)；look up(在詞典等中)查閱(單詞等) Before we can accept the managements office we must _ the

14、workers again. A. consult with B. consult C. look up D. advise 解析：當(dāng)對(duì)象是比主語(yǔ)更具權(quán)威性的字典、老師、醫(yī)生等時(shí)，應(yīng)用consult sb.意為“向某人請(qǐng)教”；當(dāng)對(duì)方是與主語(yǔ)處于同一地位、階層等時(shí)應(yīng)用consult with sb.意為“與商量”；look up“查閱”；advise“建議”。 答案：A 2insurance n保險(xiǎn)；保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)；保證 搭配：an insurance against.防止的保證；provide insurance against.提供防止的措施；an insurance company保險(xiǎn)公司；ins

15、urance policy保險(xiǎn)單；labor insurance勞動(dòng)保險(xiǎn)；accident insurance意外保險(xiǎn)；accident death insurance意外死亡保險(xiǎn) People without insurance had to pay for their own repairs. 未投保者需自付修理費(fèi)。 A balanced diet is an insurance against malnutrition. 均衡的飲食是防止?fàn)I養(yǎng)不良的保證。 擴(kuò)展：insure vt.給保險(xiǎn)；保證，確保 指點(diǎn)迷津 assurance主要表示“確信，確?！保硎尽氨ｋU(xiǎn)”時(shí)為英式英語(yǔ)，主要用于短

16、語(yǔ)an assurance company(保險(xiǎn)公司)和life assurance(人壽保險(xiǎn))中。 After the robbery, the shop installed a sophisticated(復(fù)雜的)alarm system as an insurance _ further losses. A. for B. from C. towards D. against 解析：insurance“保險(xiǎn)措施，預(yù)防(手段)”，后接against表示“針對(duì)”。 答案：D 3abuse n. & vt.濫用；虐待；辱罵 搭配：abuse ones authority/positio

17、n/power濫用職權(quán)，濫用權(quán)力；abuse a privilege濫用特權(quán)；abuse a child虐待小孩；an abuse of position職權(quán)的濫用；an abuse of drugs藥物的濫用；a term of abuse罵人的話 Some officials abuse their power and treat people with contempt. 一些官員濫用權(quán)力，盛氣凌人地對(duì)待人民。 She abused him for his neglect. 她痛罵他的疏忽。 指點(diǎn)迷津 abuse很少用于指物件，但用于指物件時(shí)，語(yǔ)氣比misuse強(qiáng)，且有損壞之意。 It

18、has been revealed that some government leaders _ their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves. A. employ B. take C. abuse D. overlook 解析：句意：據(jù)透露，一些政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)濫用職權(quán)，非法牟利。abuse在此句中意為“濫用”；employ“雇用”；take“拿”；overlook“忽略”。 答案：C 4rare a稀有的，罕有的，冷僻的珍奇的，出類拔萃的(空氣等)稀薄的(肉)煎得嫩的 搭配：rare species珍稀動(dòng)物；a

19、 rare disease罕見(jiàn)的??；rare air稀薄的空氣；a rare steak鮮嫩的牛排 副詞形式：rarely很少地，難得地 It is rare for him to be late. 他很少遲到。 Big Ben in London has rarely gone wrong. 倫敦的大本鐘很少出差錯(cuò)。 Only rarely do I eat in restaurants. 我極少到飯館吃飯。 指點(diǎn)迷津 rarely本身有否定意義，在句首時(shí)句子用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 The birth of a star is a _， slow event, all but a very few o

20、f the stars visible to the naked eye have existed longer than mankind. A. seldom B. least C. rare D. scarce 解析：因長(zhǎng)期缺少而珍貴的稱為rare；因暫時(shí)缺乏而不足的稱為scarce，指時(shí)間或頻率，用rare或seldom，不用scare; least最少的，為little的最高級(jí)。 答案：C 5furnish vt.為提供家具；用家具布置 a wellfurnished room家具齊備的房間 a room furnished with antiques布置有古董的房間 A furnis

21、hed house is one that is rented with the furniture in it. 備有家具的房屋指的是附帶家具出租的房子。 The house is well furnished. 這間房子家具齊備。 指點(diǎn)迷津 furniture意為“家具”，是不可數(shù)名詞，常用搭配為： a piece of furniture一件家具 a set of furniture一套家具 Its costing us a fortune to _ our new flat. A. equip B. furnish C. mend D. repair 解析：根據(jù)句中的“our new

22、flat”可排除C、D，mend和repair意為“修補(bǔ)”；furnish指配置陳設(shè)在室內(nèi)使生活舒適的家具，包括地毯、帷簾等，其配備對(duì)象是住所；equip為特定目的而裝備設(shè)備，涉及對(duì)象范圍較廣，既可指安裝設(shè)備，也可指提供生活、工作或戰(zhàn)斗所需的器具或武器。 答案：B 6congratulate vt.祝賀，慶賀 搭配：congratulate sb. on sth.向某人祝賀某事；congratulate oneself on慶幸，感到幸運(yùn)；congratulation n(pl.); offer ones congratulations致祝詞；Congratulations！恭喜恭喜！ We

23、congratulated him on having passed the examination. 我們祝賀他通過(guò)了考試。 Congratulations on your success! 恭喜你成功！ 指點(diǎn)迷津 congratulate常與介詞on/upon連用。 When I passed the entrance examination, my family _ me _ my success. A. celebrated; on B. congratulated; on C. celebrated; to D. congratulated; to 解析：congratulate s

24、b. on sth.“祝賀某人某事”。 答案：B .短語(yǔ)突破 1. He was a boring nuisance! Im glad to get rid of him. 他這人真討厭！我很慶幸能擺脫他。 指點(diǎn)迷津 get rid of強(qiáng)調(diào)“擺脫掉疾病等麻煩事，除去不好的東西”；而break away from則強(qiáng)調(diào)“脫離政黨或某一組織”。 How can we _ all these flies in the kitchen? A. get rid of B. send C. throw away D. take 解析：get gid of“擺脫，除掉，趕走，消滅”；send“派送”；th

25、row away“扔掉”；take“拿(走)”。根據(jù)題意A正確。 答案：A During the recession they laid us off for three months. 在不景氣時(shí)期，他們停雇了我們3個(gè)月。 Lay down your arms and come out with your hands up. 放下武器，舉起手走出來(lái)。 She laid out the map on the table. 她把地圖鋪在了桌子上。 指點(diǎn)迷津 lay off尤指生意蕭條時(shí)臨時(shí)性解雇雇員。 The store had to _ a number of clerks because s

26、ales were down. A. lay out B. lay off C. lay aside D. lay down 解析：句意：因?yàn)殇N售額下降，這家商店不得不裁減一些人員。lay off“解雇”；lay out“展開”；lay aside“擱置一邊”；lay down“放下，交出”。 答案：B 3at length終于；最后；詳細(xì)地 At length he returned.他終于回來(lái)了。 She spoke at length about the plight of the refugees. 她詳盡地講述了難民們的悲慘境遇。 指點(diǎn)迷津 at length作“終于，最后”講時(shí)，與

27、at last, in the end, finally等的意思相近，都意味著“在經(jīng)過(guò)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間之后”。 The teacher explained the rules of the game _ so that the students could understand what to do. A. in advance B. at most C. at length D. at least 解析：at length在此句中意為“詳細(xì)地”；in advance“提前”；at most“至多”；at least“至少”。 答案：C 4let down不支持；使失望 Im counting on

28、you to support me; dont let me down. 我一直指望你支持我，可別叫我失望。 Let down a rope so that I can climb up. 把繩子放下來(lái)，好讓我爬上去。 Im going to let down this old dress for my daughter. 我要把這件舊衣服放長(zhǎng)給我女兒穿。 指點(diǎn)迷津 let down作“使失望”講時(shí)，與disappoint近義。 To tell you the truth, you were expected to win the cooking competition. Im sorry.

29、_. A. I didnt mind B. I let you down C. Thank you D. I couldnt 解析：根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，“to win the cooking competition”和“Im sorry”可知，沒(méi)有贏這場(chǎng)比賽，故I let you down讓你失望了。 答案：B 5do up打扮；梳妝；扣，系，扎 Mary has done herself up for the party. 瑪麗已打扮好，準(zhǔn)備參加舞會(huì)。 This skirt does up at the back. 這條裙子是從后面扣的。 指點(diǎn)迷津 do up作“打扮”講時(shí)，與make up近義

30、；作“扣，系，扎”講時(shí)，與tie, fasten近義。 You should _ your button before you give a lecture. A. do up B. speed up C. clear up D. carry out 解析：本題考查詞組辨析。do up“扣，系，扎”；speed up“加速”；clear up“清除，整理”；carry out“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，開展”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該是“扣上扣子”。 答案：A Youd better attend to the children firstthey need their breakfast. 你最好還是先去照料孩子們他

31、們需要吃早餐。 The queen had a good doctor attending on her. 女王有一個(gè)好醫(yī)生在照料他。 指點(diǎn)迷津 attend to作“處理”講時(shí)，與do (deal) with近義；作“照顧”講時(shí)，與take care, look after近義。attend側(cè)重參加會(huì)議(聚會(huì))等。 This is the nurse who _ to me when I was ill in hospital. A. accompanied B. attended C. entertained D. protected 解析：句意：我生病住院時(shí)，這個(gè)護(hù)士照顧我。accomp

32、any意為“陪伴；伴奏”；entertain“娛樂(lè)，招待”；attend to“照顧”；protect“保護(hù)”。 答案：B .句型歸納 1They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.他們生病的時(shí)候，既負(fù)擔(dān)不起看醫(yī)生的費(fèi)用，也付不起從藥劑師那里買藥的錢，更不用說(shuō)，保證孩子們的健康飲食了。 該句中“nor情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞

33、主語(yǔ)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”，為倒裝句式，表示前面的否定含義適用于另外的人。 思維拓展 so, nor, neither構(gòu)成的倒裝句： sodo(be, have, can, will)主語(yǔ) 表示上句所說(shuō)的肯定情況也適用于另一主語(yǔ)。 neither/nordo(be, have, can, will)主語(yǔ) 表示上句所說(shuō)的否定情況也適應(yīng)另一主語(yǔ)。 so it is/was with sb. (so it is/was the same with sb.) 用于上句既有肯定又有否定或既有系動(dòng)詞又有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的情況。如： John likes fish but doesnt like meat, so it is

34、with Mary. John was born in the countryside but he grew up in Beijing, and so it was the same with Mary. so主語(yǔ)do(be, have, can, will) 表示對(duì)上句提及的情況給予肯定。如： Tom speaks English well. So he does. 主語(yǔ)doso 表示該句中的主語(yǔ)重復(fù)了前文中的動(dòng)作。如： The teacher asked me to fetch some chalk, and I did so. You forgot your purse when y

35、ou went out. Good heavens, _. A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did 解析：根據(jù)上下文句意，該空格處應(yīng)表示“我確實(shí)如此”。 答案：B 2If lowincome families cannot afford to purchase medical insurance, as was the case with Wang Lin, other measures to reduce poverty will not succeed.如果低收入家庭買不起醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，正如王林的情況，減少貧窮的其他措施將不成功。 該as

36、 was the case with.為一個(gè)固定句式，表示“正如情況那樣”，該句中as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代上句敘述內(nèi)容。而同類句式：As in your country, we grow rice in the south and wheat in the north。as在該句中引導(dǎo)一個(gè)省略的方式狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于As it is in your country。又如：The result of this experiment is good enough as it is。 思維拓展 in that/this case如果那樣/這樣 in any case無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣 in no

37、 case決不，任何情況都不 in case of以防，萬(wàn)一 as is often the case這是常有的事 _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 解析：根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能位于句首。 答案：D I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but coul

38、dnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 解析：case意為“場(chǎng)合”，為地點(diǎn)名詞，故須用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。 答案：D 3Three months later, however, Wang Lin was told about a health care project that provides treatment at half the cost or less, depending on the needs of the patient.但是三個(gè)月后，王林聽(tīng)說(shuō)有一個(gè)保健項(xiàng)目能根據(jù)患者需要以半

39、價(jià)、甚至更低的價(jià)格提供治療。 該句中depending on the needs of the patient為分詞短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于which depends on the needs of the patient。 depend on表示“相信，依靠，依賴，由而定”。 You can depend on him. He is a devoted friend. She depends on her pen for a living. Whether the sport meeting should be held depends on the weather. Will you go skiin

40、g with me this winter vacation? It _. A. all depend B. all depends C. is all depended D. is all depending 解析：根據(jù)原題，此處應(yīng)表示“視情況而定”。 答案：B 4Corporations and private citizens also donate money through the Hope Project.各個(gè)公司和市民也通過(guò)“希望工程”捐助錢財(cái)。 through prep. by way of (指空間)穿過(guò)，通過(guò) Light comes in through the window.光線從窗戶進(jìn)來(lái)。 (指時(shí)間)從頭到尾經(jīng)過(guò)，自始至終 through the ages古往今來(lái) read through the book看完一本書 指點(diǎn)迷津 across與through across橫過(guò)，穿過(guò)，著重指一條線或一物體表面的一邊到另一邊；含義與on有關(guān)，across the street“橫過(guò)馬路”。 through穿過(guò)，從中通過(guò)，含義與in有關(guān)，through the tunnel“穿過(guò)隧道”。 The sunlight came in _ the windows in the roo