學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ) 醫(yī)學(xué) Unit 5

1、學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ)學(xué)術(shù)英語(yǔ) 醫(yī)學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)Academic English for MedicineUnit 5Healthy LivingThe WHO defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. Accordingly, health is no longer thought of as a state of being disease or illness free or an abse

2、nce of symptoms. What people should strive for is wellness rather than just being physically sound. To achieve that, special attention should be paid to not only lifestyles and dietary but also mental activities.Listening Note-taking symbols Suggested answersUnit 5 Healthy LivingListening Note-takin

3、g Symbolsatfor4question, the question is?heres a surprising fact!comparecfwithw/withoutw/oagainstvsUnit 5 Healthy LivingListening Note-taking Symbolsgives, causes, lead to, result inresult fromrises, increased byfalls, decrease toapproximately, approx., c.with reference tore.yearyrinformationinfo.Un

4、it 5 Healthy LivingListening Suggested answersthe half-plate rule Fill half of your plate with fruits and vegetables at every mealKeeping calories under controlEnsuring plenty of fiber, photochemical, vitamins, and minerals in your dietControlling all your risk factors for diseases like heart diseas

5、e, cancerKeeping your skin looking wrinkle free and smooth and glowingTask 1 Watch the video and take notes about the followingpoints. Try to use the note-taking symbols you have learned inUnits 4 and 5.Unit 5 Healthy LivingListening Suggested answers2. tips on going to see doctors enough Pick a day

6、 and make all of your doctors appointments a screening with the dermatologist a mammogram if you are a woman a Pap Smear and check-up with gynecology appointmentTask 1 Watch the video and take notes about the followingpoints. Try to use the note-taking symbols you have learned inUnits 4 and 5.Unit 5

7、 Healthy LivingListening Task 1 Watch the video and take notes about the followingpoints. Try to use the note-taking symbols you have learned inUnits 4 and 5.3. importance of down timeStress as a factor in a lot of diseases catching a cold, developing cancer, heart disease and even depressionAnythin

8、g that you enjoy play with the dog for ten minutes as coming home ritual reading something such as historical fiction for fifteen minutes a dayUnit 5 Healthy LivingListening Task 1 Watch the video and take notes about the followingpoints. Try to use the note-taking symbols you have learned inUnits 4

9、 and 5.Suggested answers4. ways to get relaxed Reading WalkingUnit 5 Healthy LivingListening Task 1 Watch the video and take notes about the followingpoints. Try to use the note-taking symbols you have learned inUnits 4 and 5.Suggested answers5. walking as one of the best exercises easy to do it any

10、where no need to be a super athlete good for -heart -weight controlUnit 5 Healthy LivingListening Task 2 Watch the video clip again and fill in the missingInformation.Suggested answers One of the most important things for health or weight loss is to fill half of the plate with 1)_ at every meal. It

11、has many benefits: controlling calories; ensuring provision of fiber, photochemicals, vitamins, and minerals; and 2) _. Pick a day and make all of my doctors appointments: to get 3) _ with the dermatologist, to get a mammogram, and to get Pap Smear and check-up with gynecologist.fruits and vegetable

12、skeeping skin looking wrinkle free and smooth and glowingscreeningUnit 5 Healthy LivingUnit 5 Healthy LivingUnit ContentsLead-inText AText BText CListeningSpeakingWritingGet reading for Unit 6Lead-inIssues to be covered 1.The concept of HEALTH as defined by WHO2.The knowledge about the importance of

13、 wellness 3.The role of lifestyle, dietary choices, and mental activities in achieving wellness4.The relationship between body, mind and spirit in relation to healthUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Critical reading and thinking Topics for presentation Useful expressions Difficult sentencesLanguage buildi

14、ng-up Signpost language Vocabulary testSuggested answersUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Critical reading and thinkingTopics for presentation1 Why can imbalance occur in our life? How should we deal with it? Imbalance can arise from many different sources, such as continuous stress, pain, and hardships.

15、How we eat, work out conflict, and navigate through life can negatively or positively affect our health. We who live consciously and intentionally have an amazing amount of power over our lives and health.Unit 5 Healthy LivingSet in If something unpleasant sets in, it begins and seems likely to cont

16、inue or develop. (不好的事情不好的事情)產(chǎn)生，開(kāi)產(chǎn)生，開(kāi)始，到來(lái)，惡化始，到來(lái)，惡化 Winter is setting in and the population is facing food and fuel shortages. 冬天即將到來(lái)，人們將面臨食物和燃料的短缺。 當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)魔力已失的時(shí)候，失望的情緒開(kāi)始蔓延。 Disappointment sets in as they see the magic is no longer there.Navigate If you manage to navigate a difficult situation, you d

17、eal with it successfully.駕馭，成功應(yīng)付駕馭，成功應(yīng)付(困難處境困難處境) During childhood each of us has to navigate a pathway through a series of developmental stages. 我們每個(gè)人在童年時(shí)都要經(jīng)歷和應(yīng)對(duì)不同的成長(zhǎng)階段。 這種觀念幫她安度了晚年。 This outlook helped her to navigate through her later years. 2 What is wellness according to the author? Topics for

18、presentationText A Critical reading and thinking However, some people go through life on automatic pilot. (Para.2) 然而，有些人的生活是走一步，算一步。Unit 5 Healthy LivingAutomatic Pilot An automatic pilot or an autopilot is a device in an aircraft that automatically keeps it on a particular course.自動(dòng)飛行儀自動(dòng)飛行儀 If you

19、 are on automatic pilot or on autopilot, you are acting without thinking about what you are doing, usually because you have done it many times before. 輕車熟路輕車熟路;駕輕就熟駕輕就熟;習(xí)慣性地做習(xí)慣性地做 Youve made that same trip so many times that youre on automatic pilot. 這一行程你以前已經(jīng)走過(guò)多次了，早就了如指掌了。Zip When you zip something

20、, you fasten it using a zip.拉上拉上的拉鏈的拉鏈 zipper She zipped her jeans. 她拉上了牛仔褲的拉鏈。 If you say that someone or something has zip, you mean that they show a lot of energy and enthusiasm. 精力精力;活力活力;熱情熱情Gait A particular kind of gait is a particular way of walking.步態(tài)；步法步態(tài)；步法 His movements were clumsy, and

21、his gait peculiarly awkward. 他動(dòng)作笨拙，步態(tài)尤其難看。Text A Topics for presentation3 How has spin infected peoples minds?Critical reading and thinkingPeoples mind infected by spin -half-truth -fearful fictions -blatant deceit: some as a form of self-deceitSpin as a result of unconscious livingPandemic falsenes

22、sUnit 5 Healthy LivingPeoples minds are infected by spin a contagion of half-truths, fearful fictions, and blatant deceit.(Para.3)人心被蠱惑，受各種歪理邪說(shuō)的感染，有半真半假的報(bào)道、半真半假的報(bào)道、有恐怖駭人的杜撰、還有赤裸無(wú)恥的欺騙。有恐怖駭人的杜撰、還有赤裸無(wú)恥的欺騙。Spin occurs when we live unconsciously, pushed and pulled in so many directions that we lose a gri

23、p of our inner and outer realities.(Para.3)我們受蠱惑是因?yàn)槲覀兓畹脺啘嗀?，被逼得東奔西撞、暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向，以至于無(wú)法把握我們的內(nèi)心真實(shí)和身外現(xiàn)實(shí)。Text A Critical reading and thinkingUnit 5 Healthy LivingSpin If someone puts a certain spin on an event or situation, they interpret it and try to present it in a particular way.帶傾向性的解釋(或說(shuō)法 ) E.g. The publi

24、c is sick of spin and tired of promises. 公眾厭煩了那些有傾向性的報(bào)道和種種許諾。 spin doctor: (善于公關(guān)、為政黨出謀劃策的）媒體顧問(wèn)，輿論導(dǎo)向?qū)＜?His title is director of communications but he is just a spin doctor. 他的頭銜是傳媒總監(jiān),但他只是一個(gè)高級(jí)幕僚.Text A Useful expressions No profession, religion, or society seems to be completely immune from it. Expert

25、s and charlatans alike step up to dazzle the hopeful. Spin-doctored illusions show up on every front in society and the media. No one, it seems, is totally spared from the plague of spin.Critical reading and thinkingUnit 5 Healthy LivingStep up If you step up something, you increase it or increase i

26、ts intensity.增加增加(數(shù)量等數(shù)量等);提高提高(速度、強(qiáng)度等速度、強(qiáng)度等) Security is being stepped up to deal with the increase in violence. 正在加強(qiáng)安保工作以應(yīng)對(duì)日益增多的暴力活動(dòng)。 There are reports of stepped-up fighting in El Salvador. 有報(bào)道稱薩爾瓦多的戰(zhàn)斗已經(jīng)升級(jí)。Text A Topics for presentation4. How do you understand that “We live in a culture that value

27、s thinking more than feeling and emphasizes reason over intuitive awareness and knowing”? What is the effect of such life pattern?Critical reading and thinking Our body intelligence suppressed and dormant Tremendous amount of stress on a daily basis Limiting, self-defeating, and even self-destructiv

28、e behaviors that undermines our well-being and keeps them from achieving our full potentialUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A We work long hours and schedule our time to the hilt.(Para.4)我們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作，把時(shí)間擠得滿滿當(dāng)當(dāng)。The hilt of a sword, dagger, or knife is its handle. （刀、（刀、劍、匕首等的）柄，把劍、匕首等的）柄，把 To the hilt and up to

29、the hilt mean to the maximum extent possible or as fully as possible 最大限度地最大限度地;完全完全地地;徹底地徹底地 我深陷困境之中.Im in trouble up to the hilt. Critical reading and thinkingUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Critical reading and thinking We sacrifice our connection with our bodies and its all-knowing voice by running

30、over its vital signals with bad habits. -grab fast food -eat while we drive -chat on the cell phone between gulps These loops contribute to limiting, self-defeating, and even self-destructive behaviors that undermines our well-being and keeps them from achieving our full potential. Unit 5 Healthy Li

31、vingRun over If a vehicle or its driver runs a person or animal over, it knocks them down or drives over them. (車輛車輛)撞倒，碾過(guò)，軋過(guò)撞倒，碾過(guò)，軋過(guò) He ran over a six-year-old child as he was driving back from a party. 當(dāng)他參加完聚會(huì)開(kāi)車回家時(shí)，撞倒了一個(gè)6歲的小孩。Undermine If you undermine something such as a feeling or a system, you

32、make it less strong or less secure than it was before, often by a gradual process or by repeated efforts. 削弱，損害（情感、體制等）削弱，損害（情感、體制等） Western intelligence agencies are accused of trying to undermine the government. 西方情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)被指責(zé)企圖動(dòng)搖該政府的統(tǒng)治。Ingrained Ingrained: 根深蒂固的；徹頭徹尾的； Ingrained habits and beliefs are

33、 difficult to change or remove.根深蒂固的根深蒂固的;難以根除的難以根除的 道德觀念往往根深蒂固。 Morals tend to be deeply ingrained. Default A default situation is what exists or happens unless someone or something changes it.默認(rèn)的 default passwords installed on commercial machines. 商用機(jī)器上設(shè)置的默認(rèn)口令默認(rèn)口令 Death, not life, is the default s

34、tate of cells. 細(xì)胞的常態(tài)常態(tài)是死亡而不是存活。 default response 默認(rèn)反應(yīng)；預(yù)設(shè)回應(yīng)形式7. How can we achieve wellness Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinking A multi-faceted process Issues rooted and resolved in different dimensions Building our wellness toolbox slowly Picturing our whole state of being At

35、tention to the little stuff Wellness not a goal but a process Maintenance of a balance of our mind, body, and spiritUnit 5 Healthy LivingFacet A facet of something is a single part or aspect of it.部分部分;方面方面 The system shapes nearly every facet of Indian life. 該制度決定了印度生活的幾乎每一個(gè)方面每一個(gè)方面。Text A Useful ex

36、pressions Most of the issues that we face in life, be they physical or emotional, have our roots and resolution in different dimensions. Most of the issues that we face in life, whether they are physical or emotional, have our roots and resolution in different dimensions.Critical reading and thinkin

37、gUnit 5 Healthy LivingCome apart 破碎破碎 If you sit on that chair it will come apart! 如果你坐那把椅子,它就散架了! 他的神經(jīng)似乎全部崩潰. All his nerves seemed to have come apart. Connect the dots 1. 連線游戲連線游戲 2. 點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴 Today is all about taking time to connect the dots in your life. 今天你需要花時(shí)間好好回顧一下過(guò)往的經(jīng)歷.Tend to If you tend t

38、o someone or something, you pay attention to them and deal with their problems and needs.照顧照顧;照管照管;伺候伺候 In our culture, girls are brought up to tend to the needs of others. 在我們的文化里，女孩從小就學(xué)著在我們的文化里，女孩從小就學(xué)著照料照料別別人。人。8. How can we avoid living an autopilot existence and becoming more conscious and aware

39、?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinking Try to awaken and evolve in order to live more consciously Get in touch with our genuine feelings and emotions Come to terms with / Make peace with the toxic emotions.Unit 5 Healthy LivingAwaken and evolve in order to live more consciously

40、 Text A Critical reading and thinking One way for us to awaken is to examine some of the blockages to wellness in our bodies that are keeping them emotionally and psychologically stuck and in pain. -From the time that we were children, we are trained to mask our difficult feelings and emotions. -We

41、learn quickly that it isnt safe to be angry or sad -Mum screams at us while Dad leaves when anger flares. -Its like we are afraid of pure emotion, pushing them away. Unit 5 Healthy LivingFlare If a fire flares, the flames suddenly become larger.突突然燒旺，突然熊熊燃燒然燒旺，突然熊熊燃燒 Camp fires flared like beacons i

42、n the dark. 營(yíng)火熊熊燃燒，就像黑暗中的航標(biāo)燈。 If peoples tempers flare, they get angry.發(fā)怒發(fā)怒;發(fā)火發(fā)火 Tempers flared and harsh words were exchanged. 怒氣突然爆發(fā)，人們開(kāi)始惡言相向。Repress If you repress a feeling, you make a deliberate effort not to show or have this feeling.壓制，壓抑，克制壓制，壓抑，克制(情感情感) It is repressed anger that leads to v

43、iolence and loss of control. 是被壓制的憤怒導(dǎo)致暴力和失控。 壓抑情感的人容易做噩夢(mèng)。 People who repress their emotions risk having nightmares. Attend to: 處理處理 He offered to go and attend to the matter. 他主動(dòng)提出來(lái)處理這件事。 all round: adv.周圍，四處；周圍，四處；四周；Get in touch with our genuine feelings and emotions Text A Critical reading and th

44、inking Unless we do so, we wont be able to release our bottled up emotions. Bottled-up: 受壓抑的 Tools: -journaling 寫日記 -meditation -full-body scanning全身檢查Unit 5 Healthy LivingCome to terms with / Make peace with the toxic emotionsText A Text AnalysisCritical reading and thinking Unfinished business doe

45、snt go away either. It only gets louder and more pressing as time goes on. What we resist usually persists. Unit 5 Healthy LivingCome to terms with 1. 與與達(dá)成協(xié)議達(dá)成協(xié)議 Do you think the Arab countries will come to terms with Israel one day? 你認(rèn)為有一天阿拉伯國(guó)家會(huì)同以色列達(dá)成諒解嗎? 2. 忍受忍受, 接受、對(duì)待接受、對(duì)待 He can come to terms wi

46、th being poor. 他能夠忍受貧窮。 他用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才學(xué)會(huì)接受自己的殘疾。 It has taken him a long time to come to terms with his disability. If you are repulsed by something, you think that it is horrible and disgusting and you want to avoid it.使憎使憎惡惡;使反感使反感 Though people are repulsed by evil, they also are drawn to its power. 雖然

47、人們?cè)鲪盒皭?，但還是被它的力量所吸引。 Rain down:大量降下；象雨點(diǎn)般落下 Crack open:啪地一聲打開(kāi)；用力敲破；砸開(kāi) It may be premature to crack open the champagne. 現(xiàn)在開(kāi)香檳或許為時(shí)過(guò)早.Sigmund Freuda topographical model of the human mindConscious:Subconscious:1. unconscious Text A Critical reading and thinking We need to make peace with our demonsbe they

48、 rage, fear or shame. However, through self-reflection, we can dramatically increase our chances of healing.Unit 5 Healthy LivingMake peace with 1.休戰(zhàn)休戰(zhàn) 2.講和講和, 言歸于好言歸于好 When the new ruler came to power, he made peace with all his former enemies. 新統(tǒng)治者上臺(tái)執(zhí)政后, 他與一切宿敵都和解了。 Get along with Text A Suggested

49、 answersTask 1 Overview: Complete the following outline according to the text.Critical reading and thinkingThesis Statement: Health is a multidimensional experience of body, mind and spirit.I. Cultural Features of Dis-EaseA. a time of great confusionB. a culture that values thinking more than feelin

50、g and emphasizes reason over intuitive awareness and knowingC. loss of a sense of our natural self-confidenceUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Suggested answersTask 1 Overview: Complete the following outline according to the text.Critical reading and thinkingThesis Statement: Health is a multidimensional

51、experience of body, mind and spirit.II. WellnessA. a multi-faceted processB. beginning of wellness: attention to the little stuffUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Suggested answersTask 1 Overview: Complete the following outline according to the text.Critical reading and thinkingThesis Statement: Health is

52、 a multidimensional experience of body, mind and spirit.III. Becoming More Conscious and Awarea tendency among human beings to live an autopilot existencea). repressed emotionb). a mostly reactionary lifeB. living more consciouslyC. tools that can be used to become increasingly aware of these emotio

53、nsD. making peace with our demonsUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Task 1/ Medical terminology Match each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.EnglishChinese Definition1an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning2the state of being in good physical and m

54、ental health3a lack of balance4the condition of feeling unhappy and anxious for long periods5of, relating to, or having several dimensionsdisease疾病身心健康wellness不平衡imbalancedepression抑郁multidimensional多面的，多維的Suggested answersLanguage building-up2Unit 5 Healthy LivingText A EnglishChinese Definition6no

55、t conscious7something that stops something else passing through, or when something does this8great energy or enthusiasm9easily broken or damaged10three times as much in size, strength, number, or amoutfragile虛弱的，脆弱的unconscious無(wú)意識(shí)的blockage障礙物vitality生機(jī)，活力triple增至三倍Task1 / Medical terminologyMatch eac

56、h definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.Suggested answers2Language building-upUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Language Building-up Signpost LanguageCause and effectwhen developing a cause and effect essay, authors often use some signals and clue words to indicate a cause

57、or an effect. Here are some of them.CauseEffectbecausethe reason(s)the cause(s) is due tois caused bysince resulted fromlead tothereforeconsequentlythusas a consequencelead tocausethe resultsas a resultthe effect wasresult in the outcomeon that accountUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Task 2 / Signpost la

58、nguage The following sentences are taken from the Text A, and all the signpost languages indicating cause and effect have been removed. Complete the sentences and then compare your answers with the original sentences in the texts. 1 it becomes easy for us to simply ignore our bodies for years_ a lac

59、k of recreation time. (Para.4)2 And we continue to deny and repress our feelings to protect ourselves. Pain, shame, fear, sadness, confusion, and aloneness are_. (Para.5)3 The habit can also _ a mostly reactionary life. (Para.8)4 People who are in touch with their feelings do not need to manifest ph

60、ysical symptoms _they are already paying attention to what is going on inside. (Para.11)Language building-upSuggested answersbecause ofthe resultcausebecauseUnit 5 Healthy LivingText A Task 3 / Formal EnglishRewrite the following sentences from Text A with a less formal style.1 We can take steps to