新視野大學英語第二冊unit8_

1、 New Horizon College EnglishUnit Eight Theres a Lot Theres a Lot More to Life than More to Life than a Joba JobBOOK2Unit8ContentsBOOK2Unit8Have a look at the following pictures and tell me your idea of a job?Finish the cross-out work to see what is the most important in your life.BOOK2Unit8BOOK2Unit

2、8Love healthjobreligionfriendtaste Cross out anyone you think least important and give the reasonfamilyBOOK2Unit8At the age of 45, my usually well-ordered life became fraught with (filled with) changes.After 22 years of working for a major_ institution, a downsizing initiative and a major bank merge

3、r _in the elimination of over 100 jobs, mine _ one of them. My once secure_became a fallacy. However financialresultedbeingfutureBOOK2Unit8The second thing I did to improve my inner self was to reevaluate my life. It used to be filled with endless, and sometimes _events. Now, instead of working towa

4、rds materialistic things and _ glorification, my heart and life are firmly entwined around people I care for. Yes, having a _ career is important, but it is no longer my reason for _. When I rejoin the “rat race”, it will be on my terms, as nurturing my _ is my first priority. Having _ my life, Im e

5、njoying living now, instead of just _to make a living.fulfillingbeingsoulsimplifiedexisting meaninglesspersonalBOOK2Unit8Social Security is the U.S. government system of benefit (收益，福利收益，福利) payments, especially to retired and disabled peopleand survivors.1. What is Social Security?BOOK2Unit82. Osca

6、r Wilde (1854-1900)Oscar Wilde, the son of an eminent (著名的著名的) Dublin surgeon, was among the outstanding Victorian dramatists. He is renowned for a brilliant(非凡的非凡的) series of domestic Comedies (喜劇喜劇) Lady Windermeres Fan (1892),A Woman of No Importance (1893), An Ideal Husband (1894). BOOK2Unit83.

7、Grade schools in the US:BOOK2Unit8It is a sense relating to the standards of good or bad behavior, fairness, honesty, etc. in which each person believes, ratherthan to laws, or other standards.4.What is moral sense?BOOK2Unit8For example, we honor promises, play games by the rules, wait for our turn

8、in line, cooperate with others to achieve a common goal, are courteous to strangers, help people in distress, and join campaigns that benefit others but not ourselves, out of a sense of duty, a belief in fairness, and sympathy. BOOK2Unit8ContentsBOOK2Unit8BOOK2Unit8Part IPart Part Part 1. Structure

9、SurveyThe conclusion drawn from a survey.Students major objective.The opinion of educating people for life as well as for a career.The duty of education.(Para.14)(Para. 58)(Para. 912)(Para. 1319)BOOK2Unit8 It has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wasted on the youn

10、g. (L1)It has often been said that the saddest thing about youth is that youth, i.e. the opportunities, good health, etc. that are available when people are young, are wasted or not appreciated by young people.2. Sentence structuresBOOK2Unit8【釋義釋義】It has often been said that the saddest thing about

11、youth is that youth, i.e. the opportunities, good health, etc. that are available when people are young, are wasted or not appreciated by young people.【結構結構】it 為形式主語，后面為形式主語，后面 that 引導得從句為真正的主語。引導得從句為真正的主語。類似的結構還有：類似的結構還有：It is said/reported/believed/known等等+主語從句主語從句【例句例句】It is known to us that laug

12、hter is the best medicine.【譯文譯文】人們常常說：對于青春來說，最令人悲傷的事情莫人們常常說：對于青春來說，最令人悲傷的事情莫過于青春在年輕時被浪費掉了。過于青春在年輕時被浪費掉了。BOOK2Unit81. It is said that the original painting has been destroyed.據(jù)說原畫已經(jīng)毀掉了。2. It is expected that prices will go down.預計物價將會下降。 3. It is feared that the plane crashed somewhere off the coast.

13、人們擔心飛機在近海某處墜毀了。ExamplesBOOK2Unit8 “If only I knew then what I know now.” (L3)“要是當初我就懂得了我到現(xiàn)在才領悟到的東西，要是當初我就懂得了我到現(xiàn)在才領悟到的東西，該有多好！該有多好！”If only 后用虛擬語氣后用虛擬語氣謂語動詞用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在沒有實現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語動詞用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在沒有實現(xiàn)的愿望，用過去完成時表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的愿望，常譯為用過去完成時表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的愿望，常譯為“要是要是 就好了就好了”。BOOK2Unit8if it (whatever it may be) wont compute

14、 and you cant drink it, smoke it or spend it, then “it” holds little value. (L4-5)【釋義釋義】If something (no matter what it may be) cannot be counted in terms of money and you cannot drink it, smoke it or spend it, then it is of little value. In short, only material things are of value to young people.

15、【結構結構】“if it . wont compute” 中中 “compute” 表示被動表示被動意思。意思。BOOK2Unit8【例句例句】The book translates well. 這本書很好翻譯。這本書很好翻譯。 This material washes easily. 這種衣料容易洗滌。這種衣料容易洗滌?！咀g文譯文】學生們認為如果某種東西學生們認為如果某種東西 (不管它是何物不管它是何物) 沒有實際的經(jīng)濟意義，你不能把它當酒喝、沒有實際的經(jīng)濟意義，你不能把它當酒喝、當煙抽、當錢花，那么當煙抽、當錢花，那么 “它它”就簡直毫無就簡直毫無價值。價值。BOOK2Unit8today

16、s college beginners are “more consumeristic and less idealistic” than at any time in the seventeen years of the poll. (L5-6)【釋義】The poll has been conducted for seventeen years, and it reveals that college beginners nowadays think of consuming good more than ever, and believe in idealism less than ev

17、er. 【結構結構】more +adj and less +adj 形成一種相對照的比較，形成一種相對照的比較，加深意義。加深意義。BOOK2Unit8【譯文譯文】當今的大學新生比這項民意測驗開當今的大學新生比這項民意測驗開始以來的始以來的17年中的任何時候的大學新年中的任何時候的大學新生都生都 更主張消費，但少了點理想更主張消費，但少了點理想。BOOK2Unit8 if it (whatever it may be) wont compute and you cant drink it, smoke it or spend it, then “it” holds little value.

18、(L6)If something (no matter what it may be) cannot be counted in terms of money and you cannot drink it, smoke it or spend it, then it is of little value. In short, only material things are of value to young people. 如果某種東西（不管它是何物）沒有實際如果某種東西（不管它是何物）沒有實際的經(jīng)濟意義，的經(jīng)濟意義， 你不能把它當酒喝、當煙抽、當你不能把它當酒喝、當煙抽、當錢花，那么錢花

19、，那么“它它”就簡直毫無價值。就簡直毫無價值。More examplesBOOK2Unit8某些及物動詞后加副詞（有些可不加副詞）某些及物動詞后加副詞（有些可不加副詞）可以表示被動意義?？梢员硎颈粍右饬x。This novel sells well.The door opens with difficulty.He doesnt photograph well.比較：比較：The box doesnt lock.The box was not locked.這個箱子鎖不上。（箱子本身的性質）這個箱子鎖不上。（箱子本身的性質）這個箱子沒有上鎖。（箱子當時的狀態(tài)）這個箱子沒有上鎖。（箱子當時的狀態(tài)）

20、BOOK2Unit8 todays college beginners are “more consumeristic and less idealistic ” than at any time in the seventeen years of the poll. (L8)The poll has been conducted for 17 years, and it reveals that college beginners nowadays think of consuming goods more than ever, and believe in idealism less th

21、an ever. 當今的大學新生比這項民意測驗開始以來當今的大學新生比這項民意測驗開始以來的的17 17 年中任何時候的大學新生都年中任何時候的大學新生都“更主張消費更主張消費, , 更缺少理想更缺少理想”。consumeristic: believing in spending money andidealism: trying to live according to highbuying goodsprinciples and perfect standardsBOOK2Unit8 In a time of increasing specialization, a time when 9

22、0 percent of all the scientists who have ever lived are currently alive, more than ever, we need to know what is truly important in life. (L30)在一個日益專業(yè)化的時代，在一個本時代所有科在一個日益專業(yè)化的時代，在一個本時代所有科學家中學家中90%都還健在的時代里，我們比過去任何都還健在的時代里，我們比過去任何時候更需了解什么是生活中真正重要的東西時候更需了解什么是生活中真正重要的東西。BOOK2Unit8Most people, finally arri

23、ve at the inevitable conclusion that they were meant to do more than serve a corporation, a government agency, or whatever. (L34-35)【釋義】Most people finally realize that besides serving a company or a government agency they still have a lot more to do.BOOK2Unit8【結構結構】that 引導同位語從句，修飾引導同位語從句，修飾 conclus

24、ion。在在 fact, idea, news, hope, report, suggestion 等名詞后，經(jīng)常用等名詞后，經(jīng)常用 that 引導同引導同位語從句，以說明其具體內容。位語從句，以說明其具體內容?！咀g文譯文】大多數(shù)人最終都會得出必然的結論：那就大多數(shù)人最終都會得出必然的結論：那就是，他們除了為公司，政府部門或其他工是，他們除了為公司，政府部門或其他工作之外，還有許多其他的事情要做。作之外，還有許多其他的事情要做。BOOK2Unit8If it is a fact that the meaning of life does not dawn until middle age, i

25、s it then not the duty of educational institutions to prepare the way for that revelation? (L40-41)【釋義釋義】If it is true that people dont understand the meaning of life until they are middle-aged, it is the duty of educational institutions to prepare the way for that revelation.BOOK2Unit8【結構結構】is it t

26、hen not the duty of 修辭疑問句，修辭疑問句，并不是真的疑問，而是強調肯定的意義，譯并不是真的疑問，而是強調肯定的意義，譯為為“難道不難道不？”。常用的表達結構為常用的表達結構為：Isnt/Arent? Dont/ doesnt.? Havent/Hasnt +主語主語+v.ed等等形式。系動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞與形式。系動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞與not的的分離現(xiàn)象在演講中是很常見的，且分離現(xiàn)象在演講中是很常見的，且not必須必須重讀，以加強語氣。重讀，以加強語氣?！咀g文譯文】如果人們步入中年時才對人生的含義有所如果人們步入中年時才對人生的含義有所領悟的話，那么為這種領悟掃清障

27、礙是否是領悟的話，那么為這種領悟掃清障礙是否是教育機構的責任呢？教育機構的責任呢？BOOK2Unit8(Social security) Most people, in their youth, resent the Social Security deductions from their pay, yet a seemingly few short years later find them- selves standing anxiously by the mailbox. (L41)大多數(shù)人在年輕的時候怨恨社會保障制度從他們大多數(shù)人在年輕的時候怨恨社會保障制度從他們工資中扣錢，然而好像

28、只是短短幾年后，他們就工資中扣錢，然而好像只是短短幾年后，他們就發(fā)覺自己正焦急地站在信箱旁邊發(fā)覺自己正焦急地站在信箱旁邊 (等待養(yǎng)老金支等待養(yǎng)老金支票票)了。了。BOOK2Unit8While its true all of us need a career, preferably a prosperous one, it is equally true that our civilization has collected an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own. (L44-46)【釋義釋義】A

29、lthough it is a fact that everyone needs a career, and better a career with high pay, it is also a fact that our civilization has collected an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own.BOOK2Unit8【結構結構】while 引導一個讓步狀語從句，主句為引導一個讓步狀語從句，主句為it is equally true that，其中是其中是it形式主語，真形式主

30、語，真正的主語正的主語 that 從句。從句?！咀g文譯文】雖然我們所有人都確實需要一份工作雖然我們所有人都確實需要一份工作, 最最好是一份薪水豐厚的工作，但同樣可以肯定好是一份薪水豐厚的工作，但同樣可以肯定的是我們的文明已經(jīng)在遠遠超越我們各自業(yè)的是我們的文明已經(jīng)在遠遠超越我們各自業(yè)務的領域里積累了數(shù)量驚人的知識。務的領域里積累了數(shù)量驚人的知識。BOOK2Unit8 And we are better for our understanding of these other contributionsbe they scientific or artistic. (L46)And we are

31、better for our understanding of these other contributionsno matter which field they are in, science or art.而且正因為我們理解了這些在其他領域的貢獻而且正因為我們理解了這些在其他領域的貢獻不管它們是科學方面的，還是藝術方面的貢獻不管它們是科學方面的，還是藝術方面的貢獻我們才變得更有本領了。我們才變得更有本領了。BOOK2Unit8And we are better for our understanding of these other contributions be they scie

32、ntific or artistic. (L46-47)【釋義釋義】And we are better through understanding these contributions no matter which field they are in, science or art.【結構結構】be they scientific or artistic 意為意為 whether they are scientific or artistic。這里的這里的 be 是虛擬語氣，是虛擬語氣，在在 whether 引導的狀語從句中表達條件或假設，引導的狀語從句中表達條件或假設，也可去掉也可去掉

33、whether，將將 be 前置，不改變意思。前置，不改變意思。 BOOK2Unit8 【譯文譯文】而且正因為我們理解了這些在其他領域的而且正因為我們理解了這些在其他領域的貢獻貢獻不管它們是科學方面的，還是藝術不管它們是科學方面的，還是藝術方面的貢獻方面的貢獻我們才變得更有本領了。我們才變得更有本領了。BOOK2Unit8More importantly, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. (L48-

34、49)【釋義釋義】What is more important, perhaps, is that education enables us to be far-sighted and to see the relationship between individual things.【結構結構】What 引導的主語從句，作主語，引導的主語從句，作主語，that 引導表語從引導表語從句。句?！咀g文譯文】也許更重要的是也許更重要的是,教育使我們視野開闊，超越了眼前教育使我們視野開闊，超越了眼前的需求，并使我們看到了事物間的聯(lián)系。的需求，并使我們看到了事物間的聯(lián)系。BOOK2Unit8Oscar

35、Wilde had it right when he said we ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives. (L61-62)【釋義釋義】Oscar Wilde was right to say that people should develop their career/work through the use of their abilities, but also should give the fullness of their mental skills and artistic abil

36、ities to make their lives more complete.【結構結構】had it right when he said 某人說得好某人說得好【譯文譯文】奧斯卡奧斯卡王爾德說得好：我們應該把我們的才能用王爾德說得好：我們應該把我們的才能用到工作中去，而把我們的天賦投入到我們的生活中到工作中去，而把我們的天賦投入到我們的生活中去。去。vWord UsingvPhrasesBOOK2Unit8ad. 1) for the reason; so 因此，所以因此，所以【例句例句】 She was angry and accordingly refused to attend th

37、e meeting. 她很生氣，因此拒絕參加會議。她很生氣，因此拒絕參加會議。2) in a manner that is suggested by what is known or has been said 按照所說的情況按照所說的情況【例句例句】 Ive told you what the situation is; you must act accordingly. 我已經(jīng)向你說明了情況，你必須照此辦理。我已經(jīng)向你說明了情況，你必須照此辦理。Word UsingaccordinglyBOOK2Unit8enroll (L16) v. become or make (sb.) a mem

38、ber (of sth.)BOOK2Unit8a.1) of or in the beginning stage; related to primary schools 初級的；初級的；小學的小學的The specialists focus their attention on the methods and materials appropriate to elementary years.專家關注小學階段適用的方法和材料。專家關注小學階段適用的方法和材料。2) simple or easy; basic 簡單的，基本的，簡單的，基本的，基礎的基礎的Many adults seem to k

39、now little about the most elementary science. 許多成年人似乎連最基本的科學常識都知之許多成年人似乎連最基本的科學常識都知之甚少。甚少。elementaryBOOK2Unit8【搭配搭配】an elementary class初級班初級班an elementary school 小學小學【記憶記憶】詞根詞根element要素，基本的，要素，基本的，-ary形容詞后綴。形容詞后綴?！颈嫖霰嫖觥?elementary primary elementary既可指事物處于基礎或開始的階段，也可既可指事物處于基礎或開始的階段，也可指問題簡單、易答。指問題簡單、

40、易答。primary著重指時間上最久遠的或在構造、成份著重指時間上最久遠的或在構造、成份方面是最原始的，最主要的。方面是最原始的，最主要的。BOOK2Unit8v. (in) give particular attention to (a subject, product, etc.) 專攻，專門研究（某課題、產(chǎn)品等）專攻，專門研究（某課題、產(chǎn)品等） This shop specializes in chocolate. 這家商店專門經(jīng)銷巧克力。這家商店專門經(jīng)銷巧克力?！居洃浻洃洝縮pecialization n. 專業(yè)化，專門化專業(yè)化，專門化【搭配搭配】specialize in sth 專

41、門研究或專攻（某課題、產(chǎn)品專門研究或專攻（某課題、產(chǎn)品 等）等）specializeBOOK2Unit8 confine (L38) v. keep sb./sth. within certain limits BOOK2Unit8 n. (pl.) limits, borders界限，范圍界限，范圍 This is beyond the confines of human knowledge. 這超出了人類知識的范圍。這超出了人類知識的范圍。v. keep sb./sth. within certain limits 把把限制于限制于 I wish the speaker would con

42、fine himself to the subject. 但愿演講人不要離題。但愿演講人不要離題?！敬钆浯钆洹縞onfine sb. to/within 使某人局限于使某人局限于within/beyond the confines of sth 在在范圍內范圍內/超出超出范范圍圍BOOK2Unit8 n. 1) C a job; employment 工作，職業(yè)工作，職業(yè) In the space marked “occupation” she wrote “police officer”. 她在她在 “職業(yè)職業(yè)”一欄里寫上了一欄里寫上了 “警官警官”兩字。兩字。2) C way of spe

43、nding time; an activity done in ones spare time 業(yè)余活動，消遣業(yè)余活動，消遣 His favorite occupation is reading. 他最喜愛的消遣是讀書。他最喜愛的消遣是讀書。occupationBOOK2Unit8【記憶記憶】occupational a. 職業(yè)的職業(yè)的【搭配搭配】change/lose ones occupation改變改變/失去職業(yè)失去職業(yè) take up an occupation就業(yè)就業(yè) by occupation 作為職業(yè)作為職業(yè)【辨析辨析】career, occupation, profession

44、 trade career意為意為“職業(yè)，生涯職業(yè)，生涯”，指經(jīng)過訓練并終，指經(jīng)過訓練并終生生從事的職業(yè)或事業(yè)；從事的職業(yè)或事業(yè)；occupation指人們正在從事的職業(yè)或工作；指人們正在從事的職業(yè)或工作；profession 指經(jīng)過長期學習或訓練后才能獲得的專指經(jīng)過長期學習或訓練后才能獲得的專門的職業(yè)；門的職業(yè)； trade意為意為“行業(yè)，職業(yè)，手藝行業(yè)，職業(yè)，手藝”，只需要有，只需要有熟熟練技術的，以盈利為目的的職業(yè)，該詞練技術的，以盈利為目的的職業(yè)，該詞主要指手工業(yè)。主要指手工業(yè)。BOOK2Unit8renderhelp/aid/assistance (to)services (to)t

45、hanks (to) render (L39) vt. (fml) giveBOOK2Unit8render good for evilPhrase(以德報怨）以德報怨） render (fml) cause sb./sth. to be in a particular staterender + sb./sth.+ adj.BOOK2Unit8 n.1) U making known sth that was secret or hidden 泄露，揭示，展示泄露，揭示，展示【例句例句】 The revelation of his identity made him feel very em

46、barrassed. 暴露了身份使他感到十分尷尬。暴露了身份使他感到十分尷尬。revelationBOOK2Unit82) C sth which is revealed 所揭露的事，驚所揭露的事，驚人的人的新發(fā)現(xiàn)新發(fā)現(xiàn)【例句例句】 Shocking revelations appeared in the papers about the private life of the Smiths. 報紙所披露的史密斯夫婦私生活情況令人震驚。報紙所披露的史密斯夫婦私生活情況令人震驚。【記憶記憶】reveal vt. 展現(xiàn)，揭示，暴露展現(xiàn)，揭示，暴露【搭配搭配】revelation about/con

47、cerning 有關有關的批露的批露BOOK2Unit8 a. preferred; more suitable 更可取的，更合更可取的，更合意的，意的，更好的更好的【例句例句】 He finds country life preferable to living in the city. 他覺得住在鄉(xiāng)下比城里好。他覺得住在鄉(xiāng)下比城里好。preferableBOOK2Unit8【記憶記憶】前綴前綴pre-前，前，fer拿，帶來，拿，帶來，-able形容詞后綴，本義：形容詞后綴，本義：“選擇時把某物拿到他物之前選擇時把某物拿到他物之前”。prefer vt. 更喜歡，寧愿更喜歡，寧愿prefer

48、ably ad. 盡量，最好盡量，最好【搭配搭配】be preferable to 比比更受歡迎，比更受歡迎，比更合人意更合人意preferable本身已含有比較的意義，不能再和本身已含有比較的意義，不能再和more 或或less搭配。在搭配。在It is preferable that 句型中，句型中，that從從句的謂語動詞用句的謂語動詞用“(should)+動詞原形動詞原形”的虛擬語氣。如：的虛擬語氣。如：vIt must be preferable that the term be explained with simple words.BOOK2Unit8 a. impossible

49、 or very difficult to believe 難以置信的難以置信的 What an incredible statement not a word of it is true! 多么令人難以置信的言論多么令人難以置信的言論 沒有一句話是靠得住沒有一句話是靠得住的！的！【記憶記憶】credible a.可信的可信的, 可靠的可靠的 同義詞：同義詞：unbelievableincredibleBOOK2Unit8contribution (L46) n. moreBOOK2Unit8v. 1) recognize the difference between (people or t

50、hings) 辨別，識別辨別，識別【例句例句】 The twins look so much like each other that no one can distinguish one from the other. 這對雙胞胎長得非常像，無人能分辨出誰是誰。這對雙胞胎長得非常像，無人能分辨出誰是誰。distinguishBOOK2Unit82) (oneself) behave or perform noticeably well 表現(xiàn)突出表現(xiàn)突出【例句例句】 She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery. 她以沉著勇敢著她以

51、沉著勇敢著稱。稱?！居洃浻洃洝縟istinguished a. 著名的，卓越的著名的，卓越的【搭配搭配】distinguish between 分辨分辨(兩者兩者)； distinguish sth. from 將將與與區(qū)別開；區(qū)別開；distinguish oneself 揚名，出名揚名，出名BOOK2Unit8 as stated by (sb.) or in (sth.) 根據(jù)根據(jù)【例句例句】 According to the Bible, God created the world in six days. 根據(jù)根據(jù)圣經(jīng)圣經(jīng)所載，上帝在六天之內創(chuàng)造了世界。所載，上帝在六天之內創(chuàng)造了世界

52、。【擴展擴展】in accordance with 與與一致，按照，根一致，按照，根據(jù)據(jù)1. according toPhrasesBOOK2Unit8 be in a good position, esp. financially 經(jīng)經(jīng)濟充裕，濟充裕，富裕富裕 很多大學生的主要目標就是要經(jīng)濟上富裕。很多大學生的主要目標就是要經(jīng)濟上富裕。 Many college students major objective is to be financially well off.【擴展擴展】be better off 過得更好過得更好2. be well offBOOK2Unit8 at a low level or figure 處于低水平或數(shù)字處于低水平或數(shù)字【例句例句】 Share prices have been at an all-time low. 股票價格指數(shù)已跌到歷史最低點。股票價格指數(shù)已跌到歷史最低點。 英鎊的價位已降到新的最低點。英鎊的價位已降到新的最低