英語寫作指導(dǎo) 總結(jié)篇

1、英語寫作英語寫作總結(jié)篇總結(jié)篇 趙燕趙燕Components in a CompositionWordsSentenceParagraphComposition“Words” in English Writing一、善用高級詞匯。如：一、善用高級詞匯。如：“認(rèn)為認(rèn)為”: think, assume, suppose, believe, imagine, reckon, feel, consider, sense, reflect, deem “好好”: good, fine, excellent, superior, outstanding, tremendous, marvelous, “美好

2、的前程美好的前程”: beautiful future promising future, “重要重要”: important, significant, vital, crucial, imperative, essential, “必要必要”: necessary, basic, indispensable, compulsory, fundamental, crucial, “很多很多”: many, a lot of, numerous, abundant, a good number ofl“越來多越來多”: more and more, a growing number of, a

3、n increasing number of, l“深思深思”: thinking, thought-provoking l“處理處理”: deal with, cope with, handle, tackle, l“喜歡喜歡”: like, be fond of, be devoted to , be keen on, be partial to , be attached to, adore, E.g.：On Global Warming (Title) With the rapid development of world economy, many scientists in the

4、 world are realizing the weather is heating up and trying to find ways to solve the hot weather . 升華一下：升華一下：With the swift expansion of globe economy, a considerable proportion of scientists in the world are realizing the weather is heating up and trying to explore approaches to solve the global war

5、ming ( 其實(shí)我們熟悉的其實(shí)我們熟悉的 “許多、大量許多、大量” 有很多的表達(dá)法有很多的表達(dá)法: the tremendous amount of practice, a great deal of wisdom, a multitude of things, the vast store of knowledge, the overwhelming majority of the public, a large number of people, the bulk of the language acquisition, an increasing number of, a growin

6、g number of )二、善用熱點(diǎn)詞匯。如：二、善用熱點(diǎn)詞匯。如：考研熱考研熱 the craze for graduate school study大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè) the university students innovative undertakings擴(kuò)招擴(kuò)招 expand enrollment 豆腐渣工程豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects解決勞動就業(yè)問題解決勞動就業(yè)問題 tackle the problem of labor force utilization造成失業(yè)問題造成失業(yè)問題 bring about the unemployment problem

7、婚奴婚奴 wedding slave 海投海投resume flooding 公正、公平、公開公正、公平、公開 just, fair and open安居工程安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents自我保護(hù)意識自我保護(hù)意識 self-protection awareness三、三、 善用專業(yè)詞匯。如：善用專業(yè)詞匯。如：swine flu甲流甲流 A (H1N1) flu 甲流甲流bird flu 禽流感禽流感 swine flu symptoms 甲流癥狀甲流癥狀swine flu outbreak甲流爆發(fā)甲流爆發(fā) H1N1 vir

8、us 甲流病毒甲流病毒H1N1 vaccine 甲流疫苗甲流疫苗 isolation ward 隔離病房隔離病房be hospitalized 住院治療住院治療 surgical/gauze mask 口罩口罩take preventive measures 采取預(yù)防措施采取預(yù)防措施transmission of the virus from pigs to humans 病毒傳播從豬到人病毒傳播從豬到人set up public awareness of swine flu prevention 樹立預(yù)防甲流的公眾意識樹立預(yù)防甲流的公眾意識confirmed cases of swine f

9、lu 甲流確診病例甲流確診病例suspected cases of swine flu 甲流疑似病例甲流疑似病例WHO 世界衛(wèi)生組織世界衛(wèi)生組織海嘯海嘯tsunami 自然災(zāi)害自然災(zāi)害natural disaster氣象學(xué)氣象學(xué)meteorology 大氣大氣 atmosphere氣候氣候 climate 溫度溫度 temperature 預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)報(bào)forecast 熱帶的熱帶的 tropical 冰雹冰雹hail 雷雷 thunder 傾盆大雨傾盆大雨 downpour 陣雨陣雨 shower 暴風(fēng)雨暴風(fēng)雨storm 股票股票 stock股價(jià)股價(jià)valuation 股市股市 equity ma

10、rket 股東股東shareholder 養(yǎng)老基金養(yǎng)老基金 pension fund 國際班機(jī)國際班機(jī)International Flight 班機(jī)號碼班機(jī)號碼 Flight Number 來回機(jī)票來回機(jī)票 Round-Trip Ticket 外匯外匯Foreign exchange 垃圾郵件垃圾郵件 spam 屏幕保護(hù)屏幕保護(hù) screen saver 桌面桌面 desktop 黑客黑客 hacker四、四、 善用特色詞匯善用特色詞匯。筒子樓筒子樓 tube-shaped apartment 退耕還林還草退耕還林還草 grain for green 退耕還林還牧退耕還林還牧 convert

11、the land for forestry and pasture 小康之家小康之家 well-off family; comfortably-off family 效益工資效益工資 achievements-related wages; wages based on benefits 學(xué)而優(yōu)則仕學(xué)而優(yōu)則仕 (a Confucian slogan for education) a good scholar can become an official; he who excels in study can follow an official career 自主經(jīng)營自主經(jīng)營, ,自負(fù)盈虧自負(fù)盈

12、虧 make ones own management decisions and take full responsibility for ones own profits and losses 走后門走后門 get in by the back door 走上良性發(fā)展的軌道走上良性發(fā)展的軌道 going on the track of sound progress l“一氧化碳、二氧化碳、碳?xì)浠衔镆谎趸肌⒍趸?、碳?xì)浠衔?、氮氧、氮氧合物合物 、微粒、微?！笨梢越y(tǒng)稱為可以統(tǒng)稱為poisonous gases （一氧化碳：一氧化碳：carbon oxide /CO，二氧化，二氧化 碳：

13、碳：carbon dioxide /Co2，碳?xì)浠衔?，碳?xì)浠衔?HC, 氮氮氧合物氧合物:NOx, 微粒微粒:PM) lFinancial tsunami:金融海嘯；金融海嘯；lFinancial storm:金融風(fēng)暴金融風(fēng)暴 lFinancial Crisis: 金融危機(jī)金融危機(jī)l 雪上加霜：雪上加霜：one disaster after another; add to the misfortunes of a man who is already unfortunate; succession.; disasters pile up on one another; heap calam

14、ities on sb. who is already oppressed; the worst came to the worst; make more worse; l 培養(yǎng)強(qiáng)烈責(zé)任感：培養(yǎng)強(qiáng)烈責(zé)任感：Develop a strong sense of responsibility ；l 提高社會意識：提高社會意識：Enhance social awareness l 蝸居：蝸居：a tiny living space; poky room; dwelling narrowness; too small room; humble abode五、五、 作文首段活用詞匯：作文首段活用詞匯：(此

15、處內(nèi)容可能與前一次此處內(nèi)容可能與前一次課有所重合）課有所重合） 1)description2) describe3) reveal4) convey5) imply6) phenomenon7) concern8) handle9) thought-provoking10) fact11) obviously12) who/that 13) problemE.g.: 此處后面還會提及As is vividly depicted in the picture given above, The chart gives us a vivid description of somebody whoTh

16、e diagram vividly depicts the university students innovative undertakings in the West Development in China What is revealed in the figure is really thought-provoking. The phenomenon should arouse wide concernThe occurrence deserves our wide concernThe depiction aims at revealing a fact that measures

17、 must be taken to handle this problemThe issue mirrored by the graph is truly thought-provoking.六、六、 作文主體段落活用詞匯：作文主體段落活用詞匯：1) achieve: to achieve the objective of global sustainable development2) attain: It goes without saying that confidence plays a vital role in attaining the goals.3) acquire: acq

18、uire the basis survival skills so as to 4) attention: The problem of global warming has drawn worldwide attention5) attitude: Different people take different attitudes towards failure.6) bring: The growing popularity of the Internet has brought about numerous changes in our daily life. 7) carry: The

19、 reform and opening policy has been successfully carried out in China during the past three decades, which has greatly accelerated the economic growth of China.8) according to: According to the latest statistics, we can come to the conclusion that heart disease is closely linked to drinking. 9) adap

20、t / adjust: As far as young generation is concerned , we need to learn how to adapt ourselves to the modern society.10) example: Lets take the example of to illustrate of 11) attach: As society develops, more and more people begin to attach great importance to environmental protection.12) combine: T

21、hose who can combine these two things harmoniously have better chance of success in the future.13) compare: Compared with the children in the big cities, those coming from the rural areas will be more likely to endure hardships in the future life. 14) increase: The number of the students applying fo

22、r Masters degree is on the rise.15) dramatic: The emergence of modern medicine ha led to a dramatic increase in worlds population.16) reason: The chief reasons for something are as follows: 七、七、 作文總結(jié)段落活用詞匯：作文總結(jié)段落活用詞匯：1) consequently: Consequently, we can draw a conclusion that 2) view / opinion: In

23、my view, 3) situation: Faced with such a grim situation of ., 4) measure: The substantial measures must be taken to 5) awareness: to aware peoples awareness of 6) cope: To cope with this complicated problems, 7) only: Only in this way can we “Sentences” in Writing一、寫作中對句子的要求一、寫作中對句子的要求 在英語寫作中，除了詞匯的運(yùn)

24、用要求，句子在英語寫作中，除了詞匯的運(yùn)用要求，句子處理也起著決定性作用。句子可長可短，同一件事，可以處理也起著決定性作用。句子可長可短，同一件事，可以用不同的句式表達(dá)。如果句子清一色是簡單句，文章必定用不同的句式表達(dá)。如果句子清一色是簡單句，文章必定很單調(diào)乏味。如果全篇充滿了冗長的復(fù)雜句，讀起來也很很單調(diào)乏味。如果全篇充滿了冗長的復(fù)雜句，讀起來也很費(fèi)力。費(fèi)力。最好的方法是以簡單句為基礎(chǔ)，配合適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘芯浜妥詈玫姆椒ㄊ且院唵尉錇榛A(chǔ)，配合適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘芯浜蛷?fù)雜句。簡單句可長可短，通常要加些附屬成分，如分復(fù)雜句。簡單句可長可短，通常要加些附屬成分，如分詞短語、介詞短語、副詞短語、不定式動詞短語，以及詞

25、短語、介詞短語、副詞短語、不定式動詞短語，以及節(jié)縮成分。總之，可根據(jù)情況，使句子多樣化，使文章靈節(jié)縮成分?？傊?，可根據(jù)情況，使句子多樣化，使文章靈活多姿。例如下列五個(gè)句子的基本概念一樣，但是句式不活多姿。例如下列五個(gè)句子的基本概念一樣，但是句式不同，內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)也有些差別：同，內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)也有些差別：1） The goats grazed peacefully in the farm and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (并列分句)2） Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unaware of

26、 the approaching hunter. (現(xiàn)在分語短語+簡單句)3） In the farm, the goats grazed peacefully and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (副詞短語+并列分句)4） There were goats grazing peacefully in the farm, unaware of the approaching hunter. (簡單句+形容語短語)5） As the goats grazed peacefully in the farm, they were unaware o

27、f the approaching hunter. (原因副詞從句+主句) 二、 增強(qiáng)英語語句表現(xiàn)力的有效方法增強(qiáng)英語語句表現(xiàn)力的有效方法（一）避免使用語意弱的（一）避免使用語意弱的“be”動詞。動詞。 1、把句中的表語轉(zhuǎn)換為不同的修飾語。例如：、把句中的表語轉(zhuǎn)換為不同的修飾語。例如：Weak： The trees are bare. The grass is brown. The landscape seems drab.Revision：The brown grass and bare trees form a drab landscape. （轉(zhuǎn)換為前置定語）（轉(zhuǎn)換為前置定語）Or： T

28、he landscape， bare and brown， begged for spring green. （轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定（轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定 語）語） 2、將作表語用的形容詞或名詞變?yōu)樾袨閯釉~。例如：、將作表語用的形容詞或名詞變?yōu)樾袨閯釉~。例如：1） Weak： The team members are good players.Revision： The team members play well. 3、在以、在以“here”或或“there”開頭的句子中，把開頭的句子中，把“be”動詞后的名詞代詞變成動詞后的名詞代詞變成改寫改寫主主句句的主語。例的主語。例 如：如：1）

29、 Weak： There is no opportunity for promotion.Revision： No opportunity for promotion exists.2） Weak： Here are the books you ordered.Revision： The books you ordered have arrived.（二）多用語意具體的動詞，保持句意簡潔明了。例（二）多用語意具體的動詞，保持句意簡潔明了。例如：如：1、Poor： My supervisor went past my desk.Better： My supervisor sauntered （=

30、walked slowly） past my desk.2、Poor： She is a careful shopper.Better： She compares prices and quality. （三）盡量運(yùn)用主動語態(tài)。例如：（三）盡量運(yùn)用主動語態(tài)。例如：1、Weak： The organization has been supported by charity.Better： Charity has supported the organization.2、Weak： The biscuits were stacked on a plate.Better： Mother stacke

31、d the biscuits on a plate.（四）防止使用語意冗長累贅的詞語。例如：（四）防止使用語意冗長累贅的詞語。例如：1、Wordy： My little sister has a preference for chocolate milk.Improved： My little sister prefers chocolate milk.2、Wordy： We are in receipt of your letter and intend to follow your recommendations.Improved： We have received your letter

32、 and intended to follow your recommendation.3、Redundant： We had a serious crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.Improved： We had a crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.4、Redundant： My sister and I bought the same， identical dress in diff

33、erent stores.Improved： My sister and I bought the same dress in different stores.（五）杜絕濫用陳舊詞語或難懂的專業(yè)術(shù)語。例如：（五）杜絕濫用陳舊詞語或難懂的專業(yè)術(shù)語。例如：1、Weak： They will not agree to his proposals in any shape or form.Improved： They will not agree to any of his proposals.三、熟悉寫作基本句型三、熟悉寫作基本句型1. When asked about., most people

34、 say. But many other people regard.as. I personally think. 當(dāng)被問及對當(dāng)被問及對.有什么看法時(shí)，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為有什么看法時(shí)，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為.但是，還有但是，還有很多人認(rèn)為很多人認(rèn)為.我個(gè)人認(rèn)為我個(gè)人認(rèn)為.2. When it comes to., some people think that. Others argue that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth to both arguments, but. 涉及涉及.這一問題，有的人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該這一問題，有的人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該.另一

35、些人持相反意另一些人持相反意見。也許雙方的觀點(diǎn)都有一定道理，但是見。也許雙方的觀點(diǎn)都有一定道理，但是.3. It is widely acknowledged that.contributed to. Experts argue that China must introduce. But I doubt whether.alone will solve the problem。 人們普遍認(rèn)為人們普遍認(rèn)為.專家認(rèn)為中國必須推行專家認(rèn)為中國必須推行.但我對僅僅但我對僅僅.就能解決問題表示懷疑。就能解決問題表示懷疑。4. An increasing number of people are joi

36、ning. In reaction to the phenomenon, some say. But do they realize that.can also lead to.越來越多的人越來越多的人.進(jìn)入了進(jìn)入了.針對這一現(xiàn)象，一些人認(rèn)針對這一現(xiàn)象，一些人認(rèn)為為.但是，他們有沒有意識到但是，他們有沒有意識到.也能導(dǎo)致也能導(dǎo)致.5. A growing number of people are beginning to realize that.is not the sole prerequisite for happiness。越來越多的人開始意識到越來越多的人開始意識到.并不是幸福的唯一

37、條件。并不是幸福的唯一條件。6. There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards. A recent survey showed that.percent of respondents ranked.as their top priority, compared to.percent only a few years ago. Why do people fail to realize that.?近年來出現(xiàn)了對社會有害的近年來出現(xiàn)了對社會有害的.傾向。最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)傾向。最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，查表明，.的調(diào)查對象把的調(diào)查對象把.作

38、為他們的首選，相比之下，作為他們的首選，相比之下，就在幾年前，只有就在幾年前，只有.的人這樣想。為什么人們沒能意識的人這樣想。為什么人們沒能意識到到.不一定帶來幸福呢？不一定帶來幸福呢？7. I recently read a newspaper article on. The deplorable problem of.has aroused public concern nationwide。最近，我在報(bào)紙上讀到一篇關(guān)于最近，我在報(bào)紙上讀到一篇關(guān)于.的文章。的文章。.的問題令的問題令人深感遺憾，它已經(jīng)引起了全國公眾的關(guān)注。人深感遺憾，它已經(jīng)引起了全國公眾的關(guān)注。8. Judging fro

39、m the reams of evidence presented, we can safely conclude that.根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的大量證據(jù)，我們可以有把握地得出這樣的結(jié)根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的大量證據(jù)，我們可以有把握地得出這樣的結(jié)論：論：.9. The ample evidence presented enables us to reasonably conclude that.提出的充分證據(jù)使我們能夠合理地得出這樣的結(jié)論：提出的充分證據(jù)使我們能夠合理地得出這樣的結(jié)論：.10. With the fantastic spur both in industry and its economy in Ch

40、ina, the number of.is on the rise隨著中國工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展，隨著中國工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展，.的數(shù)目不斷上升。的數(shù)目不斷上升。11. It is commonly believed that the rise in.is the inevitable result of economic development。人們普遍認(rèn)為，人們普遍認(rèn)為，.的增長是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。的增長是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果。四、落段擴(kuò)展中的常用四、落段擴(kuò)展中的常用（此處上節(jié)課也已總結(jié)過了）（此處上節(jié)課也已總結(jié)過了）1、總結(jié)關(guān)系過渡詞語、總結(jié)關(guān)系過渡詞語generally speaking,

41、generally, as a general rule, in general, on a larger scale, to take the idea further, to take the above opinion to an extreme, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some extent, in my opinion, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, undoubtedly, in terms of, in conclusion, in s

42、hort, in brief, in summary, in a word, on the whole, to sum up, to conclude2、比較對比關(guān)系過渡詞語、比較對比關(guān)系過渡詞語similarly, likewise, like, too, equally important, the same as, in common, in the same way, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conve

43、rsely, instead, in/by contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless3、列舉關(guān)系過渡詞語、列舉關(guān)系過渡詞語for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in point, such as, namely, that is, like, thus, first, second, third, finally, in the first place, initially, first of all, to begin with, to start with, what is more

44、, furthermore, eventually, besides, in addition （to that）, first and foremost, last but not least, next, also, moreover, for one thing, for another4、因果關(guān)系過渡詞語、因果關(guān)系過渡詞語because （of）, as, since, for, owing to, due to, thanks to, on account of, as a result of, result in （from）, consequently, for the reas

45、on that, as a consequence, consequently, if follows that, accordingly, therefore, hence5、讓步關(guān)系過渡詞語、讓步關(guān)系過渡詞語although, even though, after all, in spite of, despite, granted that6、強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系過渡詞語、強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系過渡詞語anyway, certainly, surely, obviously, to be sure, especially, particularly, above all, in deed, in fact, ev

46、en worse, needless to say, most important of all, no doubt五五、練習(xí)（按要求改寫或擴(kuò)寫下列句子）、練習(xí)（按要求改寫或擴(kuò)寫下列句子）1) 國內(nèi)外總有很多人來張家界國內(nèi)外總有很多人來張家界 。(用英語寫成用英語寫成20詞以上的詞以上的復(fù)雜句復(fù)雜句) 2) TV is also harmful to us.(改寫成改寫成30詞以上的段落句詞以上的段落句) 3) Books helps us great. (擴(kuò)寫成擴(kuò)寫成30詞以上的段落句詞以上的段落句) 4) Bicycles are better than cars. (擴(kuò)寫成擴(kuò)寫成40詞以

47、上的段落句詞以上的段落句) However, everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television. (32 words)Books are like friends. They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our ho

48、rizons. Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us. (33 words)Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum. Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem. Last but not least，they contribute to

49、 peoples health by giving them due physical exercise. (46 words) (Back to the Beginning)“Paragraph” in Writing一、英語寫作的段落布局一、英語寫作的段落布局（一）（一） 段落模式：段落模式：“三段式三段式”第第1段：提出問題段：提出問題(60-100詞詞)第第2段：分析問題或解決問題段：分析問題或解決問題（分三點(diǎn)進(jìn)行闡述，（分三點(diǎn)進(jìn)行闡述，250-300詞）詞）第第3段：總結(jié)（段：總結(jié)（40-50詞）詞）（二）段落內(nèi)容：（二）段落內(nèi)容：“總總分分總總”式式第第1段：入題自然，引出文章主題

50、（觀點(diǎn)），為下文鋪墊。段：入題自然，引出文章主題（觀點(diǎn)），為下文鋪墊。第第2段：提煉段：提煉3個(gè)論據(jù)進(jìn)行論證，先講道理，然后擺事實(shí)。個(gè)論據(jù)進(jìn)行論證，先講道理，然后擺事實(shí)。第第3段：作出結(jié)論，與首段呼應(yīng)。段：作出結(jié)論，與首段呼應(yīng)。二、文章開頭段、中間段和結(jié)尾段寫作經(jīng)典句型二、文章開頭段、中間段和結(jié)尾段寫作經(jīng)典句型 （一）開頭段（一）開頭段 開頭段一定要語言精練，并且直接切入主題。開頭段一開頭段一定要語言精練，并且直接切入主題。開頭段一般不對主題進(jìn)行深入的探討，具體的論證或敘述應(yīng)該在擴(kuò)般不對主題進(jìn)行深入的探討，具體的論證或敘述應(yīng)該在擴(kuò)展段進(jìn)行。展段進(jìn)行。 開頭段的常用核心句型：開頭段的常用核心句型

51、：1The arguer may be right about, but he seems to neglect （fail） to mention （takes into account） the fact that.2As opposed to （Contrary to） widely （commonly / generally） held （accepted） belief （ideas / views）, I believe （argue） that3Although a great number of people believe that, I doubt （wonder）whet

52、her the argument bears much analysis （close examination）.4The advantages of B outweigh any benefit we gained from （carry more weight than those of / are much greater than）A.5Although it is commonly （widely / generally） held （felt / accepted / agreed） that, it is unlikely to be true that.6There is an

53、 element of truth in this argument （statement）, but it ignores a deeper and more basic （important / essential） fact （reason） that.7It is true that （True, / To be sure, / Admittedly,）, but this is not to say （it is unlikely / it doesnt follow / it doesnt mean / it wont be the case） that.8The main （ob

54、vious / great） problem （flaw / drawback） with （in） this argument （view / remark） is that it is ignorant of （blind to） the basic （bare） fact that.9In all the discussion and debate over, one important （basic） fact is generally overlooked （neglected）.10Logical （Valid / Sound） as this argument and I who

55、leheartedly agree with it, it appears insignificant （absurd） whenis taken into consideration（account）.11On the surface （At first thought）, it （this） may seem a sound （an attractive） suggestion （solution / idea）, but careful weighing on the mind （on closer analysis / on second thought）, we find that

56、12There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of. Those who object toargue that. But people who favor, on the other hand, argue that.13Currently （In recent years / In the past few years / For many years now）, there is （has been） a（n） general （widespread / growing / widely held） feeling tow

57、ards （concern over / attitude towards / trend towards / awareness of / realization of / illusion of / belief in）( (二二) )中間段中間段 中間段是文章的正文，其作用是從不同的層面對文章中間段是文章的正文，其作用是從不同的層面對文章主題進(jìn)行具體和詳實(shí)的解釋和論證。主題進(jìn)行具體和詳實(shí)的解釋和論證。1 1、中間段的一般特征、中間段的一般特征: : 篇幅比開頭段和結(jié)尾段長。篇幅比開頭段和結(jié)尾段長。 每段有相應(yīng)的主題句。每段有相應(yīng)的主題句。包含定義、解釋、描寫，說明主題思想的擴(kuò)展句可以采包

58、含定義、解釋、描寫，說明主題思想的擴(kuò)展句可以采用實(shí)例、數(shù)據(jù)或個(gè)人經(jīng)歷等寫作手段。用實(shí)例、數(shù)據(jù)或個(gè)人經(jīng)歷等寫作手段。不同種類的段落采用不同的擴(kuò)展手段。不同種類的段落采用不同的擴(kuò)展手段。 中間段的常用核心句型：中間段的常用核心句型：1Although the popular belief is that, a current （new / recent） study （survey / poll / investigation） indicates （shows / demonstrates） that. 2The increase （change / failure / success） inm

59、ainly （largely / partly） results from （arises from / is because of）.3The increase （change / failure / success） inis due to （owing to / attributable to） the fact that. 4There are many （different / several /a number of / a variety of）causes （reasons） for this dramatic （marked / significant） growth （ch

60、ange / decline / increase） in. First,. Second,. Finally,.5There are numerous reasons why, and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.6A multitude of factors could account for （contribute to / lead to / result in / influence） the change （increase / decrease / success / failure / d