初中英語語法動詞時態(tài)詳解

1、關(guān)于初中英語語法動詞時態(tài)詳解現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第一頁，共30頁動詞的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)歌謠動詞的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)歌謠一般現(xiàn)在時，一般現(xiàn)在時，動詞用原型；動詞用原型；一般時一般時單數(shù)三人稱，單數(shù)三人稱，動詞加動詞加“s” s” 。一般過去時，一般過去時，動詞加動詞加“ed”ed”。I work.He works. I worked.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二頁，共30頁現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時, ,進行時進行時例句：例句：I am working.過去進行時過去進行時, ,am,is,are,-ingam,is,are,-ing。was,were,-ingwas,were,-ing。例句：例句：I was working.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的

2、是第三頁，共30頁將來時將來時一般將來時，一般將來時，wouldwould加原型。加原型。過去將來時，過去將來時，willwill加原型。加原型。I will work.I would work.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第四頁，共30頁完成時完成時現(xiàn)在完成時，現(xiàn)在完成時，have/hashave/has加過分。加過分。I have worked.過去完成時，過去完成時，had had 加過分。加過分。I had worked.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第五頁，共30頁各種時態(tài)的用法各種時態(tài)的用法一、一般現(xiàn)在時一、一般現(xiàn)在時1 1. .用法：用法：A.A.現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性經(jīng)常性的的動作動作或或狀態(tài)狀態(tài) B.B.客觀事實客觀

3、事實和和真理真理。2 2. .標志詞標志詞: :always,usually,often, always,usually,often, sometimes, never,every day sometimes, never,every day /week /month/year/week /month/year/1.The boy usually_(get) to school early.gets2.Light _(travel)faster than s現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第六頁，共30頁二、一般過去時二、一般過去時1.用法：用法：過去過去的的動作動作或或狀態(tài)狀態(tài)。2.標志

4、詞：標志詞：yesterday,the day before yesterday, three days ago, last night/week/month,in the past；just now=a moment ago點擊中考點擊中考Li Ming didnt understand what American people said,_? (2004北京市中考北京市中考)A.couldnt heB.could heC.didnt heD.did he現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第七頁，共30頁三、現(xiàn)在進行時三、現(xiàn)在進行時1.用法：用法：A.現(xiàn)刻動作現(xiàn)刻動作：目前正在發(fā)生的動作。：目前正在發(fā)生的動作。B

5、.現(xiàn)階段動作現(xiàn)階段動作：目前一個時期一直在進行：目前一個時期一直在進行的動作，此刻不一定在進行。的動作，此刻不一定在進行。2.標志詞：標志詞：now,Look! Listen!中考模擬：中考模擬：-Mike, who_football in the yard? -Let me go and see. （20042004順義）順義）A.has playedB.will play C.was playingD.is playing現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第八頁，共30頁1.Look!What_the children_ over there?2.Those workers_here these months.

6、A.are workB.are workedC.workD.are workingA.are;do B.are;doingC.is;doD.is doing3.-How_you_along with your workmates? -Very well.A.do;get B.will;get C.can;get D.are;getting4.-Must I water the flowers now? -No, you neednt. Jack_them.A.is wateringB.wateringC.watersD.is watered現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第九頁，共30頁注意注意A A. .有幾個

7、有幾個瞬間動詞瞬間動詞可以用可以用現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時表表將來，將來，如：如：begin,start,come,go,leavebegin,start,come,go,leave。1.-Lucy! Would you like to give me a hand? -OK. I_. A.will comeB.come C.am comingD.would come2.-When_you_for Toronto? -Tomorrow.A.do;leaveB.are;leavingC.will;leavingD.shall;leave現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十頁，共30頁 The boy _always _

8、 us! (夸贊夸贊)A.is;helpingB.does;helpC.can;helpD./;helpB B. .現(xiàn)在進行時和現(xiàn)在進行時和alwaysalways連用，表示說話連用，表示說話人較強烈的人較強烈的感情色彩。感情色彩。You _ always _ the same mistake!(責(zé)備責(zé)備)A.do;makeB.does;makeC.is;makingD.are;making現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十一頁，共30頁四、過去進行時四、過去進行時1.用法：用法：過去某時正在進行的動作。過去某時正在進行的動作。2.標志詞：標志詞：at that time,this time yesterday

9、,then,when1.Father_when I _yesterday morning. A.still slept,got up B.was still sleeping,got up C.is sleeping,got up D.sleeps,get up2.She_apples in her garden when I_to see her yesterday.A.picked，went B.was picking， wentC.picked，was going D.was picking，was going現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十二頁，共30頁五、一般將來時五、一般將來時1.用法：用法：將來

10、的動作或狀態(tài)將來的動作或狀態(tài)。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：will shall be going to 3.標志詞：標志詞：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in three days,in (the) future,next week/month/term, from now on+V.(原型原型)（第一人稱）（第一人稱）現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十三頁，共30頁4.shall/will/be going to之間的區(qū)別：之間的區(qū)別： 計劃計劃決定要做某事，一般用決定要做某事，一般用be going to do 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)。shall往往用于往往用于第一人稱疑問句第一人稱疑問句, wil

11、l可用于任何人稱可用于任何人稱。will常用于表常用于表邀請邀請或或命令命令時以及時以及帶有帶有意愿色彩意愿色彩?，F(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十四頁，共30頁1.There_two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A.are going to be B.are going to haveC.is going to be D.will have2.The twins_to the cinema with their parents tonight.A.will go B.would goC.are goD.went3.-When_we have the meeting? -At 8.

12、 A.areB.shallC.would D.will 4.-When_you_for London? -Next week. A.will;leavingB.are;leaving C.shall;leaveD.have;left現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十五頁，共30頁六、過去將來時六、過去將來時1.用法：用法：從過去看將要發(fā)生的動作。從過去看將要發(fā)生的動作。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：would was/were/going to+ +v.v.( (原型原型) )1.-What did he say yesterday? -He said he_to Sydney next week.A.goesB.will

13、goC.would go D.are going 2.-Did your son fail his English exam once again? -Yes, but he told me he_hard next term.A.studiesB.is studyingC.will study D.would study試題：試題：現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十六頁，共30頁1.用法：用法： 12七、現(xiàn)在完成時七、現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去過去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在影響影響：作業(yè)都做作業(yè)都做完了，我能出去完了，我能出去玩會兒嗎？玩會兒嗎？這該死的！我都等了這該死的！我都等了一個小時了，他怎么一個小時了，他怎么還

14、不來？還不來？過去過去的動作對的動作對現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的影響。的影響。I have finished my homework. 過去過去的動作持續(xù)到的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在。I have stayed here for an hour！現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十七頁，共30頁2.標志詞：標志詞： already, just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3 years, before, since+時間點時間點,for+時間段時間段現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十八頁，共30頁3.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的異同點：現(xiàn)在完成時和

15、一般過去時的異同點：共同點：共同點：動作都在動作都在過去過去。不同點：不同點：和和現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在有無關(guān)系。有無關(guān)系。(與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的過去動作用現(xiàn)在完成，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)的有關(guān)的過去動作用現(xiàn)在完成，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)的過去動作用一般過去。過去動作用一般過去。)4.易錯點：易錯點：121have gone to+地點地點,表示表示“去了去了某地某地”。（人已走人已走，尚未回。只用于，尚未回。只用于第三人稱第三人稱。）。）They have gone to Europe.(They are not here.)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第十九頁，共30頁have been to+地點地點,表示表示“去過去過某某地地”。（人已回人

16、已回）I have been to Europe.(I am not in Europe now.)3have been in+地點地點+時間段時間段,表示表示“在在/來來某地多久某地多久”。I have been in Europe for three weeks.(I am now still in Europe .)2現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十頁，共30頁5.瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞 若句中出現(xiàn)若句中出現(xiàn)時間段時間段，則必須使用，則必須使用延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞。瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞。瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系如下：轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系如下：begin/startbe ongo thereb

17、e thereleavebe awayget homebe homediebe deadopenbe openjoinbe in / be a member ofclosebe closedget to knowknowget married be marriedborrowkeepcome herebe herebuyhave現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十一頁，共30頁1.The film began 5 minutes ago.2.They left an hour ago.3.The man died a week ago.4.He joined the club 3 days ago.5.They

18、 got married 10 years ago.6.He came here an hour ago.7.Jack got home 2 hours ago.8.Mum opened the door just now.9.They got to know 10 years ago.10.I borrowed the book a week ago.11.I bought the car a year ago.The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes.They_ _ _for an hour.The man_ _ _ for a week.He_ _ _the club fo

19、r 3 days.They_ _ _for 10 years.He_ _ here since an hour ago.Jack_ _home for 2 hours.The door_ _open for a while.They_ _since 10 years ago. I_ _the book for a week.I_ _the car since a year ago.has been onhave been awayhas been deadhas been inhave been marriedhas beenhas beenhas beenhave knownhave kep

20、thave had現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十二頁，共30頁1.-What a nice bike! How long_you_it? -Just two weeks.(2004北京市中考北京市中考)A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had2.-How long have you_here? -Since 1997.A.arrived B.moved C.come D.lived3.-I cant find my pen._you_it anywhere? -No.Look!Whats that under your book?A.Have;seenB.D

21、o;see C.Did;see D.Had;seen4.-Im sorry to have kept you waiting. -Oh,not at all.I_here for only a few minutes.A.will be B.wasC.amD.have been5.I wont go to see the film because I_the ticket.(2002河南)A.lostB.have lostC.will lost D.didnt lost現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十三頁，共30頁八、過去完成時八、過去完成時1.用法：發(fā)生在用法：發(fā)生在 過去的過去過去的過去的動作。的動作。

22、 They had got married when he came back. got married came back現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去過去的過去過去的過去我來晚了！我來晚了！沒希望了！沒希望了！終于結(jié)婚終于結(jié)婚了！好幸了！好幸福呀！福呀！現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十四頁，共30頁2.標志詞：標志詞： by the end of,by the time,when+一般過去時一般過去時 過去完成時是一種相對存在的時態(tài)，判定時必須根據(jù)上過去完成時是一種相對存在的時態(tài)，判定時必須根據(jù)上下文找到一個可以作為參照點的過去時間，下文找到一個可以作為參照點的過去時間，在此參照點前發(fā)在此參照點前

23、發(fā)生的動作生的動作都可以用過去完成時。都可以用過去完成時。注意：注意：1.We_learning 1000 words by the end of last term.1.We_learning 1000 words by the end of last term.A.finishedA.finishedB.have finishedB.have finishedC.had finishedC.had finishedD.finishD.finish2.The train_when we got to the station.2.The train_when we got to the sta

24、tion.A.leavesA.leavesB.have leftB.have left C.were leaving C.were leaving D.had left D.had left3.By the time he returned,his son_supper.3.By the time he returned,his son_supper.A.cooks BA.cooks B.had cooked C.has cooked.had cooked C.has cookedD.was cookingD.was cooking現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十五頁，共30頁1.Sorry,I_to he

25、lp you at ten.I was busy at the moment. A.wont come B.cant come C.didnt come D.shouldnt come2.He_this pen for five years.He_it in 1997. A.has bought,bought. B.bought,bought C.has kept,has bought D.has had,bought3.She_the flowers in the garden when I_to see her yesterday. A.watered，went B.was waterin

26、g， went C.watered，was going D.was watering，was going4.I don t know if my friend_.If he _,Ill let you know. A.comes,comes B.comes, will come C.will come,comes D.will come,will come5.John said he_ supper.He was quite full. A.had had B.was having C.had D.has eaten現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十六頁，共30頁6.There_two parties nex

27、t week. A.are going to be B.are going to have C.is going to be D.will have7.It_10 years since I_here. A.is,come B.is,have come C.was,came D.is,came8.-Kate likes eating chocolate. -_. Look, she is eating.(2003十堰市十堰市) A.So Lucy doesB.So does Lucy C.So they doD.So do they9.Kate_to bed until her mother_

28、back. A.wont go,come B.hadnt gone, came C.went,came D.didnt go,came10.His brother_from home for a long time. A.has left B.has been away C.left D.will leave 11.-Lucy,_you_your ticket? -Not yet. (2003河北省河北省) A.did;findB.have;found C.has;foundD.do;find現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第二十七頁，共30頁12.-_to the United States?（2003安徽）安

29、徽） -No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago.A.Have you beenB.Have you gone C.Did you goD.Have you went13.The man who lived on the island thought he_ never_. (2001廣州廣州)A.will;found B.would;be foundC.is;foundB.had;been found14.-I dont know if his uncle_. -I think he_if it doesnt rain. (2003重慶重慶）A.will come; comes B.will come; will comeC.comes; comesD.comes; will come15.-Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning,_? -No,she got up too late.(2003河北）河北）A.had sheB.hadnt sheC.did sheD.