2018年河南省高考英語(yǔ)試卷

1、高考真題及答案2018年河南省高考英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上.錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上.第一節(jié)（共 5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話.每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給 的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10秒鐘的時(shí)間 來(lái)同答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題.每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍.例：How much is theshirt? A.£19.15.B. £9.18. C £9.1潞案是 C1. （1.50 分）What will James d

2、o tomorrow?A. Watch a TV programB. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2. （1.50 分）What can we say about the woman?A. She's generousB. She's curious.C. She's helpful.3. （1.50 分）When does the train leave?A. At 6: 30.B. At 8: 30.C. At 10: 30.4. （1.50 分）How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. O

3、n foot.C. By bike.5. （1.50分）What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. ClassmatesB. Teacher and studentC. Doctor and patient.第二節(jié)(每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú) 白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)每段 對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將 給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍.6. (3.00分)聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答下列各題.(1

4、) What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her researchB. Dropping out of college.C. Changing her major.(2) What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry.7. (3.00分)聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答下列各題.(1) What is the man?A. A hotel manager.B. A tour guide.C. A taxi driver.(2) What is the

5、 man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foodsB. Showing her around the seasideC. Offering information about a hotel.8. (4.50分)聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答下列各題.(1) Where does the conversation probably take placeA. In an office.B. At home.C. At a restaurant.(2) What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A. Go

6、 to a concert.B. Visit a friend .C. Work extra hours.(3) Who is Alice going to callA. Mike.B. Joan.C. Catherine.9. (6.00分)聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答下列各題.(1) Why does the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartment.B. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together(2) What does the woman like about the carpet?

7、A. Its color.B. Its design.C. Its quality.(3) What does the man say about the kitchen?A. It's a good sizeB. It's newly painted.C. It's adequately equipped.(4) What will the woman probably do next ?A. Go downtown.B. Talk with her friend.C. Make payment.10. (6.00分)聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答下列各題.(1) Who is

8、 the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans.B. News reporters.C. College students.(2) When did the speaker take English classesA. Before he left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old(3) How does the speaker feel about his teacherA. He's proud.B. He's sympath

9、etic.C. He's grateful.(4) What does the speaker mainly talk aboutA. How education shaped his lifeB. How his language skills improvedC. How he managed his business well第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)(滿分 30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所 給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng).11. (6.00 分)AWashington, D. C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in

10、WashingtonD. C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D. C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom . Reserve your spot before availability

11、and the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration ： 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D. C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at ea

12、ch stop Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in WashingtonD. C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon , this bike tour is the perfect tour for D . C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington D. C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowle

13、dgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路線) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration ： 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small g

14、roup bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, a

15、nd bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights(1) Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington D. C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourC. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington D. C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night

16、 Bicycle Tour(2) What will you do on the Capital City Bike TourA. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.(3) Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A. City maps.(8) Cameras.(9) Meals.(10) Safety lights.12. （8.00分）B

17、Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the

18、help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste , while preparing recipes for under £ 5per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14,

19、Finn, 13, and JacK 11."We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,'' she explains, "I pay £ 5 for a portion） , but Matt makes them for 26p a portion , because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway foo

20、d, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves."The eight- part series （系歹U節(jié)目）， Save Money Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the marke

21、t.With food our biggest weekly household expense. Susannaand Matt spend time with a different family each week . In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with l

22、ess expensive but still tasty recipes.(1) What do we know about Susanna Reid A. She enjoys embarrassing her guestsB. She has started a new programmeC. She dislikes working early in the morningD. She has had a tight budget for her family(2) How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna A. He buys cooking materi

23、als for herB. He prepares food for her kidsC. He assists her in cooking mattersD. He invites guest families for her(3) What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4? A. Summarize the previous paragraphsB. Provide some advice for the readersC. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new top

24、ic for discussion.(4) What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietC. Making Yourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooking Well for Less13. (8.00分)CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of year s but in recent times there has been less coming a

25、nd a lot more going . When the world was still populated by hunter - gatherers, small, tightly knit (聯(lián)系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10, 000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people , they spoke perha

26、ps 12, 000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number . In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation , the development of the nation - state and the spread of universal compuls

27、ory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages The distribution of these l

28、anguages is hugely uneven The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages the Americas about 1, 000 ； Africa 2, 400； and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3

29、200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800 The median number (中位 數(shù))of speakers is a mere 6 000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6 , 800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),with only a f

30、ew elderly speakersleft. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speaker, Chiapaneco in Mexico (150),LipanApache in the United States (two or three ) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival(1) What can we infer about langua

31、ges in hunter gatherer times? A. They developed very fas tB. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns.D. They were closely connected(2) Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2? _ A. Complex.B. Advanced.C. Powerful.D. Modern.(3) How many langu

32、ages are spoken by less than ,6000 people at present? A. About 6, 800.B. About 3, 400. C About 2, 400. D. About 1, 200.（4） What is the main idea of the text? A. New languages will be createdB. People's lifestyles are reflected in language sC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geogra

33、phy determines language evolution 14. （8.00分）DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （裝置） well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment an

34、d our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same thingsTo figure out how much power these devices are using Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product thr

35、oughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device . This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arri

36、ved on the scene in 1997 . And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002 before tablets and e- readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living - room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids'

37、room and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, " said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007 . We're not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt

38、9;s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution (解決方案)？ The team's data only went up to 2007, but t

39、he researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function , such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could c

40、ut energy consumption by 44%(1) What does the author think of new devices? A. They are environment- friendly .B. They are no better than the old. C. They cost more to use at home D. They go out of style quickly.(2) Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research? A. To reduce the cost of mineralsB.

41、To test the life cycle of a productC. To update consumers on new technologyD. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.(3) Which of the following uses the least energy? A. The box- set TV. B. The tablet. C. The LCD TV D. The desktop computer.(4) What does the text suggest people do about o

42、ld electronic devices A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二節(jié)(每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填 入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。15. (10.00 分)Color is fundamental in home design- something you'll always have in every room . A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is on

43、e of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life ? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?(1) , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feelOver the years, there have been a number

44、 of different techniques to help designers approach this important point . (2) , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home： the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.(3). They're the

45、little spots of color like throw pillows , mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Lesstiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeableMedium col

46、or choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. (4) . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a spaceThe large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you&

47、#39;re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time , effort and relative expense put into it are significant. (5) .A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you're looking forC. If you're experimentmg with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar withE. It's not re

48、ally a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)(每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處 的最佳選項(xiàng).16. (30.00分)Duri

49、ng my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, called Thinking Chess for three credits. I (1) the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to (2) a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to

50、learn chess And, even if I weren't (3) enough about free credits, news about our (4) was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which (5) I would be learning from one of the game's(6) . I could hardly wait to him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate retu

51、rning to teach , and this (8)was no game for him； he meant business. In his introduction , he made it (9) that our credits would be hard earned. In order to (10) the class, among other criteria , we had to write a paper on how we plan to (11) what we would learn in class to our future professions an

52、d , (12) , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that (13) and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the (14) .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he (15) me: "The absolute most important (16)that you learn when you play chess is how to

53、make good (17). On every single move you have to (18) a situation, process what your opponent (對(duì)手)is doing and (19) the best move from among all your options . " These words still ring true today in my (20) as a journalist.(1) A. put forwardB. jumped atC. tried out D. turneddown(2) A. wasteB. e

54、arnC. saveD.pay(3) A.excitedB. worriedC. movedD.tired(4) A. titleB. competitorC. textbookD.torinstruc(5) A. urgedB. demandedC.heldD.meant(6) A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD.rarest(7) A. interviewB. meetC. challengeD.beat(8) A. chanceB. qualificationC. honorD.job(9) A.realB. perfectC.clearD.possible(10)

55、 A. attendB. passC. skipD.observe(11) A. addB. exposeC. applyD.recompa(12) A. eventuallyB.naturallyC. directlyD.llynorma(13) A. gameB. presentationC. courseD. experi ment(14) A. criterionB. classroomC. departmentD.onsituati(15) A. taughtB. wroteC. questionedD.promised(16) A. factB. stepC. mannerD.sk

56、ill(17) A. gradesB. decisionsC. impressionsD. comments(18) A. analyzeB. describeC.rebuildD.control(19) A. announceB. signalC.blockD.teevalua(20) A. roleB. desireC. concernD.behavior第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)?單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.17. (15.00 分)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal

57、 runners live three years (1) (long) than non - runners. You don't have to run fast or for long (2)(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (3) (die) early by running.While running regularly can't make you live forever , the review says it (4) (be)

58、more effective at lengthening life ( 5) walking, cycling orswimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 (6) showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it's probably running. To avoid knee pain you can run on soft surfaces do exercises to (8) (strength) your leg