農(nóng)學(xué)專業(yè)英語前四周重點整理

1、題型： 12農(nóng)二一、術(shù)語翻譯（1*20=20分） 前四周TextA課文及課后練習(xí)題中出現(xiàn)的術(shù)語二、問答題（3*5=15分） 15個問答題出5個三、選詞填空（1*10=10分） 涉及到前四周所學(xué)詞匯，每單元課后題及TextA詞匯考察。四、翻譯（3*5=15分）英譯漢3個 漢譯英2個Unit1Words（TextA）Taxonomist分類學(xué)者 chlorophyll葉綠素 fungi真菌 herbivore草食動物 carnivore肉食動物 omnivore雜食動物 photosynthesis光合作用 glucose葡萄糖cellulose纖維素 pigment色素 carotene胡蘿卜素

2、 xanthophyll葉黃素 thallophyta原生植物 embryophyta胚生植物 phylum門 protista原生生物 gymnosperm裸子植物 angiosperm被子植物 prehistoric史前的；陳腐的vascular plant導(dǎo)管植物 monocotyledon單子葉植物 dicotyledon雙子葉植物 cotyledon子葉 parasitic寄生的 stomata孔；氣孔 deciduous每年落葉的petal花瓣 stamen雄蕊 pollen花粉 pistil雌蕊 fertilization受精 ovary 子房Words（TextB）adequa

3、te適當?shù)?；足夠?advocator擁護者；提倡者 aeration通風(fēng) aeroponic太空的alteration變更 alternative二者可選其一的（事物）appropriate適當?shù)?bark 樹皮challenge挑戰(zhàn) cucumber黃瓜 compost混合肥料；堆肥 conduct進行 drain排水，引流conventionally按照慣例地 deficiency 缺乏 ecological生態(tài)學(xué)的fertility肥沃,豐產(chǎn)economical節(jié)約的，經(jīng)濟的 horticulturalist園藝家 hydroponics水耕法；水栽培insecticide殺蟲劑 in

4、ert media惰性的媒介 infancy有你那 innovative創(chuàng)新的 lettuce萵苣；生菜 malfunction運轉(zhuǎn)不正常 maximize最佳化；最大化optimum最適宜的orchid蘭花pebble小圓石；小鵝卵石 practice習(xí)慣做法 predict預(yù)知；預(yù)言principal主要的，首要的 remarkable杰出的；非凡的 reservoir蓄水池 restrict限制sample樣本shavings刨花 significantly顯著地 suspend吊，懸掛switch轉(zhuǎn)換；轉(zhuǎn)變 territory領(lǐng)土，地域 tulip郁金香 vary改變 initial

5、capital創(chuàng)辦資本，啟動資金graverl substrate砂礫培養(yǎng)基 wich system 毛細傳送系統(tǒng) NTF 養(yǎng)分膜技術(shù) processed clay 加工過的黏土 Ebb and flow 潮差無土栽培法EC：Electrical Conductivity電導(dǎo)率Fill the blank1) Some of those carbon products transfer from the roots to symbiotic fungi and soil microbes, which store the carbon in the soil as humus. 這些含碳化合物

6、有部分從根部被共生真菌和土壤中的微生物攝取，最后變成腐殖質(zhì)儲存在土壤里。2）Usually the more basal and terminal nodes are less floriferous, or not at all. 通常越近基部或頂端的節(jié)上花芽越少, 或根本沒有。3）Fill a clean container to within 2 inch of the top with a slightly damp soil mixture. 用一種輕微潮濕的土壤混合物在2英尺內(nèi)填滿一個干凈的容器。4) Algae can make the leap from start to fi

7、nish directly, whereas vascular plants cannot. 海藻可以直接從開始蹦到結(jié)束，而導(dǎo)管植物不可以。5) When we look at the base of a petal we can notice that the color blends into other colors with a light gradient. 當我們觀察花瓣的根部時，我們可以注意到花瓣的顏色有一個輕微的漸變。6) Under foot the leaves were dry, and the foliage of some holly bushes which gre

8、w among the deciduous trees was dense enough to keep off draughts. 腳下的樹葉已經(jīng)干枯了，在這塊落葉林中間，長著一些冬青灌木，它們稠密的樹葉足可以擋風(fēng)。7) Recently scientists have discovered a remarkably primitive eel in a fringing reef off the coast of the Republic of Palau.最近科學(xué)家們在帕勞共和國沿海的裙礁上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種非常古老的原始鰻魚。8) The theory is that antioxidants

9、 soak up tissue - damaging chemicals called free radicals. 其原理便是抗氧化劑可以吸收自由基這種破壞組織的化學(xué)物.9) Moreover, some very widespread tropical parasitic diseases reduce nutrient absorption, impair the development of mental functions, and compromise educational outcomes. 此外，有些熱帶寄生蟲病的傳播十分廣泛，這降低了營養(yǎng)物的吸收，損害了心理機能的發(fā)育，并危

10、及到教育的成果。10) Extra glucose is stored in your liver, muscles and other cells for later use or is converted to fat. 額外的葡萄糖則儲存在你的肝臟、肌肉以及其它的細胞中稍后使用，或者轉(zhuǎn)化為脂肪。TranslationStems vary greatly in size,appearance,and structure.Most stems are aerialthey grow above the ground.The stems of woody plants include larg

11、e amounts of woody xylem tissue.The stems of herbaceous plants are usually green and fairly weak.They include little woody xylem tissue. In general,aerial stems hold up the branches,leaves,and flowers.They also carry food,water,and minerals between the roots and other plant structures.Some stems are

12、 subterraneanthey grow below the ground.Many subterranean stems have special storage or root-like structures such as bulbs,corms,rhizomes,and tubers.Most stem have buds which make leaves,branches,or flowers.The bud at the end of a stem is called the terminal bud.It controls the letting out of plant

13、hormones that regulate growth.Buds along the sides of the stem are called lateral buds.Each lateral bud forms at a place on the stem called a node.Flowers sometimes grow just above the node,in the axil.Many stems have tiny openings called lenticels.The lenticels let gases pass into and out of the st

14、em.植物的莖在大小，外觀及結(jié)構(gòu)上差別很大。大部分莖是長于地面之上的。木本植物的莖內(nèi)含有大量的木質(zhì)組織，而草本植物的莖則呈綠色且較為脆弱，其中只含有少量的木本組織?？偟膩碚f，地上莖支撐著植物的枝，葉及花，同時在根與其它的植株結(jié)構(gòu)間傳遞養(yǎng)料，水及礦物質(zhì)。一些植物的莖長于地下。許多地下莖擁有特殊的類似于根的存儲結(jié)構(gòu)，譬如鱗莖，球莖，根莖以及塊莖等。大部分莖是有芽的，芽又可以發(fā)成葉，枝或者花。位于莖尾部的芽也稱作頂芽，頂芽控制著促進植物生長的植物激素的釋放。莖側(cè)面的芽稱作側(cè)芽。每一個側(cè)芽成形于莖的節(jié)上。有時候花正好長在節(jié)的上部，也就是葉腋。很多植物的莖有些小的開口我們稱之為皮孔。皮孔可以使氣體進出莖

15、部。Questions1.What is the definition of plant kingdom?植物王國的定義是什么?Plant kingdom is a group classification that includes all living and extinct plants植物王國是一個包括所有活著的和滅絕的植物的群體分類2.What are the differences between plant and animals?植物和動物之間的區(qū)別是什么?differences in make food (para2-3) 獲得食物的區(qū)別differences in movi

16、ng or not (para.4) 是否移動的區(qū)別differences in being limited in size or not (para5) 是否受形態(tài)大小限制的區(qū)別differences in cells (para.6) 細胞的區(qū)別3.What are the structures of flowering plants?開花植物的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么?Flowering plants have vegetative structures (roots, stems, leaves) and reproductive structures (flowers, fruits, seeds

17、).開花植物有營養(yǎng)器官（根莖葉）,生殖器官（花，果實，種子）組成。4.What are the advantages of soilless agriculture?無土農(nóng)業(yè)的優(yōu)勢是什么?Loss of soil, the problem of chemicals ,the excessive need for fertilizer and water, and low productivity can be listed as the leading reasons for swithing to soilless agriculture. 水土流失問題，化學(xué)品，化肥和水的過度需求，和較低的

18、生產(chǎn)率可以列為轉(zhuǎn)換無土栽培的主要原因.5.What are the challenges to soilless agriculture?無土農(nóng)業(yè)的挑戰(zhàn)是什么?First and foremost ,it requires higher initial capital for technological investment and modern equipment .首先，它需要技術(shù)投資和現(xiàn)代設(shè)備較高的初始資本W(wǎng)hat is more,high degree of management skills is necessary for solution preparation ,mainten

19、ance of PH , EC ,nutrient deficiency judgment and correction ,ensuring aeration, maintenance of favorable condition inside protected structures ,etc.If the system malfunctions environmental pollution may result.更重要的是，管理能力的高度是溶液制備的必要，pH，EC的維護，營養(yǎng)缺乏的判斷和校正，確保通風(fēng)，有利條件在保護結(jié)構(gòu)的維護，如果出現(xiàn)故障可能會導(dǎo)致環(huán)境污染Unit2Words（Tex

20、tA）accumulate積累，堆積 additive添加劑 aquatic水棲的，水中的 conserve 保護，保存biodiversity 生物多樣性characteristic特點，特征；特有的，典型的coordinate使協(xié)調(diào) distribute分配，散播 distributor發(fā)行人，產(chǎn)品配送人dynamic有活力的，動態(tài)的 ecology生態(tài)ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng) efficiency效率，效能emulate與競爭 ensure確保，擔(dān)保 equity公平，公正 excessive過度的，過分的external外部的，外觀的 fertilizer肥料，化肥 formulat

21、e構(gòu)想，規(guī)劃，闡述habitat棲息地 impact影響，作用，沖擊 internal內(nèi)部的，內(nèi)政的，體內(nèi)的indigenous本土的，固有的 indivisible不可分的 landscape風(fēng)景，景觀，地形maintenance維修，維護 marine海的，海運的 modify修改，更改 nitrate硝酸鹽nutritious營養(yǎng)的 organic有機的 organism有機體，生物體 practitioner從業(yè)者precautionary預(yù)防的 preventive預(yù)防的；預(yù)防措施 productivity生產(chǎn)力，生產(chǎn)率 processor食品加工人，辦理事務(wù)的人，處理器 regen

22、eration 再生，重建sustain 支撐，使繼續(xù) synthetic 合成的，人造的 tend 照顧；傾向，易于（to）valid有效的，有根據(jù)的 well-being健康，幸福 free-living organism 非寄生生物trace element 微量元素 with regard to 關(guān)于be attributed to 歸因于harmful effects有害影響contribute to為.做貢獻；導(dǎo)致 genetically modified轉(zhuǎn)基因的food additives食品添加劑 in a . manner以.的方式/方法at the risk of冒著.的危

23、險 be characterized by以.為特色Words（TextB）diverge分開，分歧 arugula芝麻菜disdain鄙視，輕蔑 forgo放棄 disparity不一致perennial多年生的 imidacloprid吡蟲啉（一種殺蟲劑）deploy施展開；施展；部署Fill the blank1) The essence (實質(zhì)，根本) of modern economy is to conserve energy without hampering(妨礙) the growing economy.2) A healthy diet is not to take in

24、excessive amount of any kind of food.3) Genetically modified species can ensure higher productivity. Meanwhile arguments on their negative effects on human body and morality have arisen.4) The ways in which people carry out agricultural and industrial production have long-lasting impact on the exist

25、ence of human being.5) Organic agriculture aims to coordinate the relationships between human demands and the environment we are living in.6) Modern ecological means should be taken to protect the original(本土的) Metasequoia(水杉) population and its habitat.7) Some species varieties only distribute in a

26、reas where living conditions are favorable(有利的) to them.8) Organic farmers try to avoid the use of fertilizers, pesticides, animal drugs and food additives that may have harmful health effects.9) With peoples awareness of environment growing, the strategy(戰(zhàn)略) of sustainable development has become th

27、e core(核心、重心) of most countries.10) Plants and animals will adapt better to the environment when some favorable traits(特性) have been accumulated in them. TranslationOrganic farming is the production of food using all natural methods-avoiding all synthetic chemicals and genetically modified organisms

28、, with “zero impact” on environment and leaving the earth in its natural state after the harvest. In order for organic farmers and practitioners to have a clear path to follow, several principles have been formulated. These principles apply to agriculture in the broadest sense, including the way peo

29、ple tend soil, waters, plants and animals in order to produce, prepare and distribute food and other goods.有機農(nóng)業(yè)是指在食物生產(chǎn)過程中完全采用純天然的方法，而非人工合成化學(xué)物和轉(zhuǎn)基因的手段進行的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式，這種生產(chǎn)方式對環(huán)境無危害并且在收割后保持土壤原貌。為使農(nóng)民和從業(yè)者能對此有明確的概念，我們提出了幾個有機農(nóng)業(yè)必須要遵循的原則。此些原則最廣義的適用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，其中包括人們?yōu)槭澄锖推渌a(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)、預(yù)加工和分配而采用的料理土壤、水資源、植物和動物的方式方法。 Questions6.Wha

30、t are the principles of organic farming ?有機農(nóng)業(yè)的原則是什么?Principle of health :organic agriculture should sustain and improve the health of soil,plants,animals,humans and the planet as one and indivisible.健康：有機農(nóng)業(yè)原則應(yīng)保持和改善土壤，植物，動物的健康，人類和地球作為一個整體，不可分割。Principle of ecology : organic agriculture should be base

31、d on living ecological systems and cycles,work with them,emulate them and help sustain them.生態(tài)原則：有機農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)以有生命的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和循環(huán)，與他們一起工作，并幫助維持他們模仿他們。Principle of fairness :organic agriculture should build on relationships that ensure fairness with regard to the common environment and life opportunities.公平原則：有機農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)

32、建立起關(guān)系，確保公平享受公共環(huán)境和生存機遇。Principle of care : organic agriculture should be managed in a precautionary and responsible manner or protect the health and well-being of current and future generations and the environment關(guān)愛原則：有機農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)以預(yù)防性和負責(zé)任的態(tài)度或保護健康和當前和未來幾代人和環(huán)境健康管理7. What is the definition of organic farming?有

33、機農(nóng)業(yè)的定義是什么?organic farming is the production of food using all natural methods-avoiding all synthetic chemicals and genetically modified organisms ,with “zero impact” on environment and leaving the earth in its natural state after the harvest.有機農(nóng)業(yè)是使用全天然的方法避免人工合成的化學(xué)物質(zhì)和轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的生產(chǎn)，以“零污染”收獲后的環(huán)境和離開地球的自然狀態(tài)。8

34、. What are the aims of organic agriculture ?有機農(nóng)業(yè)的目的是什么?Organic agriculture should ensure fairness at all levels and to all parties-farmers, workers ,processors ,distributors ,traders and consumers .The aims of organic agriculture should include a good quality of life , food and reduction of poverty.

35、有機農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)確保公平和各級各方的農(nóng)民，工人，處理器，經(jīng)銷商，貿(mào)易商和消費者有機農(nóng)業(yè)的目標應(yīng)包括良好的生活質(zhì)量，食品和減少貧困。Unit3Wordsagent制劑 amino氨基的 aquaculture水產(chǎn)業(yè) assimilate同化 bacterium細菌（復(fù)數(shù)bacteria）breed物種；繁殖 chromosome染色體 clone克隆 composition組成，合成物，成分contribute有助于，促成 desirable令人想要的，希望的 disarm解除，摘除 drought干旱domesticate馴化，馴服 elevate增加，舉高 embryo胚胎 engineer操縱，

36、設(shè)計；工程師enzyme酶 feed飼料 herbicide除草劑 hormone激素 incorporate合并；合并的 infection傳染，影響，傳染病 insertion（基因）嵌入isolation分離，隔離label標簽；分類livestock家畜，牲畜 maize玉米 malnutrition營養(yǎng)不良 manipulation控制 medicinal醫(yī)學(xué)的microinject顯微注射 molecular分子的 nitrogen氮 offspring后代（復(fù)數(shù)不變）ova卵子（ovum的復(fù)數(shù)）parasite寄生蟲 pharmaceutical藥用的 protein蛋白pote

37、ntial 潛能，潛力；可能的，潛在的 range范圍，行列；排列，歸類于 recombinant 重組體 reproductive生殖的resistance抵抗力，反抗 ripen成熟 rot 腐爛soybean 大豆，黃豆 species物種，種類 sperm精子 strain（動植物的）品系，類型tissue（動植物的）組織 trait特征 transgenic轉(zhuǎn)基因的 transplantation 移植 tumor腫瘤vne 藤，蔓 Bt抗蟲基因 fertilized ovum受精卵 genetically modified （GM）轉(zhuǎn)基因的 germ cells 生殖細胞 sub-

38、zero 低于零度 commercialization商品化 contaminate弄臟，污染forum 論壇 mutate（使）變異，（使）突變 threaten威脅 variety多樣，種類Fill the blank1) Fortunately, cloning research is not a technique for reproductive purposes, but to cure human diseases. 幸運的是，克隆研究不是一項以復(fù)制為目的的技術(shù)，反之，而是為了治療人類的疾病。2) The plant requires nitrogen in order to m

39、ake proteins.植物需要氮以便制造蛋白質(zhì)。3) For example, when we domesticate animals, especially a companion animal like a dog, we are placing new demands upon it.例如，當我們馴養(yǎng)動物時，特別是像狗這樣的寵物，我們對它會有新的要求。4) Recombinant gene technology is widely employed in research and development for strain improvement.重組基因技術(shù)被廣泛應(yīng)用于菌種改良的

40、研究和開發(fā)。5) It is believed that it inhibits an enzyme that promotes cell proliferation in tumours.據(jù)信它能抑制一種能在腫瘤中促進細胞增殖的酶的生成。6) The first transgenic plant - a tobacco plant resistant to an antibiotic - was created in 1983.第一個轉(zhuǎn)基因植物-抗抗生素?zé)煵菔窃?983年被創(chuàng)造出來的。7) Genetically altered soybeans and cotton require les

41、s herbicide to control weeds. These varieties now make up more than 70 percent of all soybean and cotton acreage planted in the United States.轉(zhuǎn)基因的大豆和棉花不需要那么多除草劑來控制雜草，這些品種現(xiàn)在占美國大豆和棉花種植面積的70%以上。8) Insulin is the main hormone that we have full control over daily through our diet and lifestyle.胰島素是我們可以通過

42、日常飲食和生活方式來控制的主要激素。9) To effectively combat such malnutrition and under-nourishment, 20 g of animal protein per person per day or 7.3 kg per year should be provided.為了有效地戰(zhàn)勝這類營養(yǎng)不良和營養(yǎng)不足，每人每天需要20克的動物蛋白或每年7.3公斤動物蛋白。10) Gene diagnosis has also been used in tissue engineering, such as donor and recipient z

43、ygosity during stem cell transplantation and organ transplantation, skin tissue engineering.基因診斷也被應(yīng)用于組織工程的相關(guān)領(lǐng)域，如干細胞移植及器官移植的供受體配型，皮膚組織工程等研究中。TranslationA string of suicides among farmers have crippled the rural Mharashtra region of India, all of whom have taken their lives allegedly after deep financ

44、ial troubles cause by farming GM crops.According to anti-GM campaigners, the local farmers were promised by the local government and US-based GM Companies of larger crop yields and higher income if they switch from traditional farming to planting GM seeds instead. The catch is, GM seeds are 10 times

45、 more expensive than traditional seeds, which prompted farmers to borrow money from lending companies.The campaign was extensive. Traditional varieties were banned in many government seed banks. The authorities labeled the GM sees as “magical”, claiming that the crops are pest-free.However, the GM c

46、rops have failed for more than farming cycle. According to anti-GM advocates, the farmers were never informed that GM seeds require double the amount of water, which can be hard to come by in a country currently suffering from drought. There are also reports that some GM crops have been devastated b

47、y bollworms, a type of parasite, which left the famers come back to suing pesticides.農(nóng)民們的一系列自殺嚴重影響著印度中西部馬哈拉施特拉邦的鄉(xiāng)村，據(jù)宣稱，所有這些自殺者是在種植轉(zhuǎn)基因作物后陷入深深的債務(wù)危機中而自尋短見的。根據(jù)反對轉(zhuǎn)基因運動人士所說，當?shù)卣兔绹D(zhuǎn)基因公司當?shù)氐淖庸鞠蜣r(nóng)民承諾，如果他們由傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)到種植轉(zhuǎn)基因種子，莊稼的收成會大幅提高，并帶來更高的收入。隱情卻是轉(zhuǎn)基因種子的價格比傳統(tǒng)種子高出十倍，這使得農(nóng)民們要向貸款公司借錢。這次活動規(guī)模很大，許多政府的種子庫禁止出售許多傳統(tǒng)品種。權(quán)威機構(gòu)給

48、轉(zhuǎn)基因種子標記為“具有魔力的種子”，聲稱這些莊稼具有抗蟲能力。然而轉(zhuǎn)基因作物在農(nóng)事耕作整個周期內(nèi)外都是大敗。根據(jù)反對轉(zhuǎn)基因運動人士所說，農(nóng)民們從來就沒有被告知轉(zhuǎn)基因種子需要原有用水量的一倍，這塊鄉(xiāng)村土地正遭受旱災(zāi)肆虐，不可能得到這么多水。還有報道說，有一些轉(zhuǎn)基因作物被一種寄生蟲，也就是螟蛉蟲破壞，這使農(nóng)民們又轉(zhuǎn)回頭使用殺蟲劑。Questions9. What are the major challenges of employing transgenic technology?利用轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)的主要挑戰(zhàn)是什么?Many challenges are ahead for governments ,

49、 especially in the areas of safety testing, regulation ,international policy and food labeling. We must proceed with caution to avoid causing unintended harm to human health and the environment as a result of our enthusiasm for this powerful technology. 政府面臨很多挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是在安全監(jiān)測、管制、國際政策和食品標簽方面。鑒于對這種強大科技的熱情，

50、我們必須謹慎行事以避免對人類健康和環(huán)境造成傷害。10. What are the advantages of transgenic crops?轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的優(yōu)勢是什么?1)reduce the amount of chemical pesticides in the environment 減少環(huán)境中的化學(xué)農(nóng)藥2)resistance to drought抗旱3)resistance to heat耐高溫4)resistance to disease抗災(zāi)5)resistance to insecticide抗殺蟲劑6)resistance to cold抗寒7)resistance to ac

51、id soils抗酸土8)resistance to heavy metals抗重金屬9)nutritious and stable in storage富有營養(yǎng)，長期儲存 10)resistance to rot抗腐爛11.What is transgenic technology?轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)是什么?Transgenic technology, also known as genetically modified organism (GMO technology), is the artificial separation and modified genetic payload to bi

52、ology genome, due to the import of gene expression, cause of living organisms of genetic modification can be characters.轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù),也被稱為轉(zhuǎn)基因生物技術(shù) (GMO技術(shù)),它引入基因的表述，通過人工分離和修改生物基因組中的基因負載, 對生物體進行基因改造。12.What are the differences between the transgenic technology and cl.什么是轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)之間的差異和cl？Cloning is the way of maki

53、ng an exact copy of another animal or plant. Its a process by copying the genes without sexual propagation. Its mainly used in producing milk and meat . While transgenic technology is achieved through the input of new genes into the vegetables and animals.克隆是制造另一個動物或植物的精確復(fù)制的方式。這是一個復(fù)制的基因沒有有性繁殖過程。它主要用

54、于牛奶和肉類生產(chǎn)。而轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)是通過新的基因加入蔬菜和動物的輸入實現(xiàn)Unit4Wordscentralize集中，實行，中央集權(quán) globalization全球化homogenization均一化 pledge 許諾context 場合，背景，環(huán)境，來龍去脈inequality不平等 inequity不公正 intensification增強，強化；加緊，加劇 project 計劃；發(fā)射；投射；突出；闡述stagnate淤塞；腐??；失去活力epizootic動物流行病的 niche合適位置 threshold下限horticultural園藝的watershed分水嶺，流域 poultry 家

55、禽shelf-life上架期 infrastructure 公共建設(shè) 基礎(chǔ)建設(shè) nutriceutical營養(yǎng)素urbanization城市化 medicalization醫(yī)療化 incorporate使并入 complacent滿足的，自滿的accessibility易接近，可親，易受影響 coordination協(xié)調(diào)，整理，同等，對等multilateral多邊的，多國間的，多方的 subsidy津貼，補貼 off-season 淡季 Fill the blank1.It is this specificity of crops, soils and animals that, over

56、the centuries, has led to the great diversity and richness in agriculture.2. Now the public eye is focused on globalization.3. The World Food Summit in 1996 pledged to reduce by half the number of hungry people by 2015.4. This, coupled with decreasing farm subsidies, will result in a need for greate

57、r efficiency at the farm level. 5Consumer demands-especially for “non-chemically contaminated food”, are expected to boost to some 15-20% the market share of organic food by 2020.6. Agriculture in general is declining in economic importance and hence in public opinion.7. It will include greater atte

58、ntion to such concepts as fertilizing plants rather than the soil.8. Incorporating the gene for Bacillus thuringiensus (Bt) toxin into plants has demonstrated little evidence of risk to human health or the environment.9. Little of the research underway is relevant to the needs of developing countries.10. These discussio