Unit_II_School_and_Education 2

1、Unit II School and EducationPart One: the Quotations The teacher is one who makes two ideas grow where only one grew before Elbert Hubbard The teacher inspires the students to be creative. On their own, students will produce new ideas, but with a teacher, they will be twice as creative, if not more

2、so. kindle kindle | kndl v. 點燃點燃; 激起激起; 燃起燃起; 煽動煽動; 著火著火, 燃起燃起; 發(fā)發(fā)亮亮, 明亮起來明亮起來; 激動起來激動起來; 生育生育 axiom axiom | ksm n. 格言格言, 公理公理, 自明之理自明之理 inconclusive inconclusive |adj. 非決非決定性的定性的, 不得要領的不得要領的, 不確定的不確定的 succinctly adv. 簡潔地簡潔地; 簡便地簡便地 Learn how to write clearly and succinctly.書面表達時書面表達時,要學會言簡意賅。要學會言簡意

3、賅。 miscellaneous miscellaneous | adj. 各種的各種的, 多方面的多方面的a miscellaneous collection of goods一堆雜物一堆雜物 dunce dnsn. 劣學生劣學生, 傻瓜傻瓜 I was a dunce at chemistry.我在化學方面我在化學方面是個劣等生。是個劣等生。 latent latent |adj. 潛伏性的潛伏性的, 隱藏的隱藏的 sift sft v. 篩篩; 撒撒, 撒落撒落; 過濾過濾; 詳查詳查, 細究細究; 篩篩; 撒下撒下, 飄落飄落; 被篩被篩; 詳查詳查, 細究細究 seal up; cl

4、ose up密封密封 ardor n. 激情激情; 熱情熱情; 狂熱狂熱; 熱忱熱忱 He shows great ardor for fame victory. 他對名譽他對名譽勝利勝利表示出熱切的渴望。表示出熱切的渴望。 persistence persistence |n. 堅持堅持; 持持續(xù)續(xù) Although hes less talented, he won by sheer dogged persistence. 他雖然天賦不高他雖然天賦不高,但全憑堅韌的毅力贏得了但全憑堅韌的毅力贏得了勝利勝利. Part One: the Quotations The entire objec

5、t of true education is to make people not merely (only) do the right things, but enjoy the right things. John Ruskin Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. John Ruskin The goal of true education is not just about behaving well, but about appreciating right values. The former is ext

6、ernal whereas the latter is internal.Part One: the Quotations Part of teaching is helping students learn how to tolerate (put up with) ambiguity (vagueness, uncertainty), consider possibilities, and ask questions that are unanswerable Bill Moyers Good teaching should help students handle uncertainti

7、es, explore alternatives and probe into seemingly intractable (難處理的）situations with boldness.Reading One: What True Education Should DoCheck your comprehensionAccording to the author, true education should try its best to “draw out” what a student has within him rather than “pour knowledge” into him

8、.1. When students are treated as oysters, a teacher would help them to open up reveal the pearl (riches) within. When Reading One: Check your comprehension students are treated like sausages, a teacher would stuff them and then seal them up.3. Yes, they can. The author gives a concrete example of ho

9、w Socrates picks up an ignorant slave boy, who has no school education at all, and proves that the boy really “knows” geometry.Reading One: Check your comprehensionThe author holds this view because the discussions are about what should “go into” the students rather than what should be “drawn out.”

10、According to the author, true education should try to cultivate what is hidden inside.He has to spend all his time doing what the teacher asks him to do and has no time to use his own resources and mindReading One: Check your comprehension and Check your vocabulary for analyzing, synthesizing, and e

11、valuating what he is doing. Check your vocabularya 2.b 3.d 4.c 5.a 6.dReading Two: Angels on a PinTeaching practices in the US The education system in the US is quite different from that of many other countries. Most professors see their role as helping students to acquire learning skills rather tha

12、n instructing students (through lectures). They believe that every individual has the ability to discover knowledge for himselfTeaching practices in the US or herself and that this mode of learning is superior to rote 死記硬背的、機械的 memorization of facts. They may also respect the knowledge and experienc

13、es students bring to the class and believe that it will be better to build new knowledge on top of the old experiences. Students are expected to speak up and not just have mental discussion in their own head. Grading system in the US Depending upon the performances, a stu- dent is graded as A, B, C,

14、 D and F for each subject, with an A being the top grade and an F a fail. See the following table for detail. Grade Percentage A 90 to 100 B 80 to 90 C 70 to 80 Grading system in the US D 60 to 70 F Below 60Reading Two Angels on a PinCheck Your Comprehension A1.T 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.F Check Your Compr

15、ehension B1.Take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower the barometer to the street, and then bring it up and measure the length of the rope. The length of the rope is the height of the buildingReading Two: Check Your Comprehension BTake the barometer to the top of

16、 the building and lean over the edge of the roof. Drop the barometer and time its fall with a stopwatch. Then, use the formula S=at2 to calculate the height of the building. Reading Two: Check Your Comprehension BTake the barometer out on a sunny day and measure the height of the barometer, the leng

17、th of its shadow, and the length of the shadow of the building. You will get the height of the building with the use of a simple proportion.Reading Two: Check Your Comprehension BTake the barometer and walk up the stairs. As you climb the stairs, mark off the length of the barometer along and the wa

18、ll. Then count the number of marks, and this will give the height of the building in barometer units.Tie the barometer to the end of a string and swing it as a penulum (n.擺錘;鐘擺C) and determine the value of “g” at the street levelReading Two: Check Your Comprehension B and at the top of the building.

19、 The height of the building can, in principle, be calculated from the difference between the two values of “g”.Take the barometer to the basement and knock on the superintendents n.主管、負責人 door. Tell him you will give him the barometer as an exchange if he tells you the height of the building.Reading

20、 Two: Check Your VocabularyA judge should be impartial. The pendulum of public opinion has swung back.He was meticulous, but never pedantic.They failed to fulfill their promises to revive the economy.She dashed off a quick letter excusing him from school that day. Reading Two: Check Your VocabularyT

21、he proportion of men to women in the population has changed in recent years.I am getting fed up with your stupid comments.Reading Three: In Praise of the F WordRemedial (補課）補課）courses Remedial courses are defined as course in reading, writing, or mathematics for col- lege students lacking those skil

22、ls neces- sary to perform college-level work at the level required by the institution. About three-quarters of higher education institu- tions that enroll freshmen offer at least one remedial reading, writing or mathematicalReading Three: Remedial (補課）補課）Courses courses. Institution vary in their po

23、licies toward students taking regular academic courses while they are taking remedial courses. Some institutions do not place any restrictions on the regular academic courses students can take while they are enrolled on remedial courses, while others do. Other institutions allow students enrolled on

24、 remedial courses to take someReading Three: Remedial (補課）補課）Courses regular English courses. (e.g. a student taking remedial mathematics could take regular English courses, but may not take regular mathematics courses until remed- iation in mathematics is complete).Reading Three: In Praise of the F

25、 Word Check your comprehension A1.a 2.b 3.c 4.c. 5.d 6.a Check your comprehension BT 2. T 3.F 4.T 5.F Check your vocabulary A1. The country at last produced its trump card and sent to the field of battle the most deadly weapon.Reading Three: Check your vocabulary AThere is a great deal of money at s

26、take if the project fails. We must do something about it immediately.We must follow the plan through to the end.You should hang on to the letter. You might need it later.I picked up a book that happened to be at hand.Reading Three: Check your vocabulary AHe had managed to get by without much reading

27、 and writing. Everybody settles down so we can hear the story.Spending so much time playing sport is setting him back at school.Reading Three: Check your vocabulary B 1. maturity 2. impediment 3. flustered 4. composure 5.steely 6. conspiracy 7. flunked 8.testimony 9. diploma 10. resentfulReading Fou

28、r: U.S. Kids Need More School Time Academic year in the U.S. The school calendar usually begins in August or September and continues through May or June to next August or September. The academic year at many schools is composed of two terms or semesters. Other schools use a three-term calendar known

29、 as the “trimester” system with a short spring holiday besides summer holiday and winter holiday. Still others divide the year into the Reading Four: U.S. Kids Need More School Time “quarter” system of four terms, including a summer session, which is optional. Reading Four: Exercises Check your comp

30、rehension A 1.T. 2. T. 3. F 4.T 5.F Check your comprehension B 1.a 2.b 3.d 4.d 5.a 6.d Check your vocabulary ALike other kids who are sometimes left with no supervision because of their parents temporary plana week at relatives place, or one day by them- selves at the playground, they wanderReading

31、Four: Check your vocabulary A around aimlessly, doing nothing. Can we ask schools to arrange for their calendars to suit our work and family lives?2. If we state clearly that a longer school calendar will be educationally worthwhile, probably it will be easier for it to become a reality. In fact our

32、 educational situationReading Four: Check your vocabulary A really needs such a change. The fact that kids are away from school and dont study all summer has a serious effect on their studies. In the past, the school calendar was regulated to suit family needs. Reading Four: Check your vocabulary BThe long walking was beginning to take its toll on all of us.He seems to think theres something sacrosanct about his annual fishing trip. He hasnt m