(一)概念在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句

1、The Attributive Clause(一一)概念：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或概念：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句，被定語代詞的從句叫做定語從句，被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞定語從句一般都緊跟在先行詞詞定語從句一般都緊跟在先行詞的后面，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的后面，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：有：關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞1)who 指人，在從句中做主指人，在從句中做主語語This is the man who helped me.2)whom 指人，在從句中做賓語，指人，在從句中做賓語，可省略可省略The boy whom you met yesterda

2、y is Tom.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞3)whose可指人可指人,也可指物也可指物,在從在從句中做定語句中做定語.Do you know the girl whose name is Lucy?4)which 指物指物,做主語或賓語做主語或賓語.Beijing is a city which has a history of 2000 years.關(guān)關(guān)系系代代詞詞5)that 可指人可指人/指物指物,做主語或賓語做主語或賓語The book that is white is mine.6)as可獨(dú)自引導(dǎo)定語從句可獨(dú)自引導(dǎo)定語從句,也可也可與主句中的與主句中的such或或 the same ,so呼

3、應(yīng)引導(dǎo)定語從呼應(yīng)引導(dǎo)定語從句句As we all know, the sun rises in the east.Such subjects as English require great efforts and patience.用用that而不用而不用which的情況的情況:1)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí):This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.2)先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞all, few, much, little, nothing, no等時(shí)等時(shí):All that can

4、 be done has been done.3)先行詞前有先行詞前有the only, the very, the same, the last等時(shí)等時(shí):This is the very book that I have been looking for.4)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí):He told us the stories and writers that interested him.關(guān)關(guān)系系副副詞詞when 作時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語.I still remember the day when Beijing was liberated.where 地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語.Th

5、is is the place where I was born.why原因狀語原因狀語.Do you know the reason why he was late?(三三)關(guān)系詞的作用關(guān)系詞的作用:1)引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句2)代替先行詞在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句代替先行詞在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分(關(guān)系詞在關(guān)系詞在從句子中充當(dāng)了成分從句子中充當(dāng)了成分,其意思就是先其意思就是先行詞的意義行詞的意義,所以在從句中不能重復(fù)所以在從句中不能重復(fù)其意其意).The pen that I bought it last night is red.(四四)先行詞在從句中作主語時(shí)

6、先行詞在從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂從句謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由先行詞而定語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由先行詞而定.He is one of the experts that _ from china. (come)comeHe is the only one of the experts that _ from es(五五)確定關(guān)系詞的步驟確定關(guān)系詞的步驟:1)先找先行詞先找先行詞.看先行詞指的是什么看先行詞指的是什么.2)看關(guān)系詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞挚搓P(guān)系詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?This is the place _ is worth visiting.This is the place _ we visited

7、yesterday .This is the place _ he grew up as a child.which/that(that/which)whereHell never forget the day _ he joined the army.Hell never forget the day_ he spent with you.when(which)(六六)限制性定語從句和非限制性定語限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句從句.是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如如果去掉果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意主句的意思就不完整或失去意義義,它和主句的關(guān)系十分密切

8、它和主句的關(guān)系十分密切,寫時(shí)不用寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)隔開逗號(hào)隔開.限制性定語從句限制性定語從句和主句的關(guān)系不十分密切和主句的關(guān)系不十分密切,只是對(duì)先行只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加的說明詞作些附加的說明,可有可無可有可無,如果去如果去掉掉,主句的意思仍然很清楚主句的意思仍然很清楚,它和主句它和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開,不用不用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo).非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句The boy who is in red is Tom.Tom, who is 16 years old, is my friend.1)I have two brothers, _ are doctors. I have

9、 two brothers and _are doctors.A .both of them B. both of whomBA(七七) 注意以下特殊的句子注意以下特殊的句子: 2) Is this the school_ you visited yesterday? Is this school_ you visited yesterday?A. that B. the one C. whereBAIve heard the news that he visited our factory. Ive heard the news that he told you the other day.同位語從句同位語從句定語從句定語從句A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years