同濟(jì)大學(xué)英語報(bào)刊選讀復(fù)習(xí)資料題型+重點(diǎn)+縮略詞+網(wǎng)絡(luò)版重點(diǎn)教學(xué)文案

1、期末考試題型：1 .Re-organizingsentencesforanewsreport(10%)2 .Matchingheadlinestoleadparagraphs(10%)3 .TrueorFalsequestionsaboutEnglishjournalism(cf.AppendixIbelow)(10%)4 .ReadingComprehension(3passageswith15multiple-choicequestions)(30%)5 .AbbreviationsinNewsreports(completeforms+Chinesetranslation)(10%)6

2、.NewsHeadlineAnalysis(10%)(Analyzingthestylisticfeaturesof3newsheadlines)7 .Newscommentwriting(20%)(about200words)1 .Definitionofjournalism,medium,news報(bào)干U(p1)、媒介(p2)、新聞(p4)的定義2 .Functionsofmasscommunicationvsfunctionsofnewspaper大眾傳播工具(p2)與報(bào)紙(p1)的功能3 .Newsvalue;publicinterest;principlesofnewsworthine

3、ss新聞價(jià)值；公眾興趣；衡量新聞價(jià)值的原則(p4)4 .Classificationofnews新聞的分類(p6)5 .Fivebasicelementsofnews新聞的五個(gè)基本要素(p6)6 .Legalconcerns;codesofethics法律關(guān)系；道德規(guī)范(p7)(Generalknowledgeisenough.Noneedforwordbywordmemorization.)(一般知識(shí)就夠了。不需要的逐詞記憶。)7 .Tabloidandbroadsheet小報(bào)和報(bào)紙(p21)(thedistinctionsbetweentabloidandbroadsheet)(區(qū)分小報(bào)和

4、大報(bào))8 .MajornewspapersintheUKandUS英國和美國的主流報(bào)紙(p13-34)9 .MajormagazinesintheUKandUS英國和美國的主流雜志(p13-34)同上10 .Lexicalfeaturesinheadlines:smallwords;abbreviations;etc.在標(biāo)題的詞匯特點(diǎn)：小詞；縮略語；等。(p37)11 .Grammaticalfeaturesinheadlines:omissionofarticles,personalpronouns,etc.;presenttenseforpastevents,infinitiveforfu

5、tureevents,etc在標(biāo)題的語法特點(diǎn)：省略的文章，人稱代詞等；現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示過去的時(shí)間，不定式表示未來事件等（p42）12 .Rhetoricalfeaturesusedinheadlines:alliteration;parody;metaphor;pun;euphemism用于標(biāo)題的修辭特點(diǎn)：頭韻；戲仿；隱喻；雙關(guān)語；委婉語（p44）13 .Newsleads,directvs.delayedlead新聞導(dǎo)語，直接與延遲導(dǎo)語（p48）14 .NewsagenciesOrganizationsthatcollect,transmit,anddistributenewstonewspape

6、rs,periodicals,television,radio,andotherjournalisticandmasscommunicationsmediaarecallednewsagencies.15 .Majornewsagenciesintheworld在世界各大通訊社MajornewsagenciesintheUKandUSUKReuters（路透社）oneofthelargestEuropeanpressagenciesPA-PressAssociatedUSAP（美聯(lián)社）theAssociatedPressTheoldestpressassociationintheUnitedS

7、tatesUPI（合眾國際社）一UnitedPressInternational16 .Generalunderstandingoftheinvertedpyramidstructureofjournalisticwriting新聞寫作的倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)的一般認(rèn)識(shí)（p63）17 .Typesofnewsfeatures新聞特寫的類型（p75）18 .Differencesbetweenfeatureandnewsreport特寫和新聞報(bào)道之間的差異（p76）19.Basicstructureofnewscomment新聞評(píng)論的基本結(jié)構(gòu)（p83）Commonabbreviations1. ABC:A

8、mericanBroadcastingCompany美國廣播公司2. BBC:BritishBroadcastingCorporation英國廣播公司3. NBC:NationalBroadcastingCompany（美國）全國廣播公司4. CNN:CableNewsNetwork（美國）有線新聞電視網(wǎng)5. CBS:ColumbiaBroadcastingSystem美國哥倫比亞廣播公司6. MPAA:MotionPictureAssociationofAmerica美國電影協(xié)會(huì)7. ITN：IndependentTelevisionNews（英國）獨(dú)立電視新聞公司8. APEC:Asia-

9、PacificEconomicCooperation亞洲和太平洋經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織9. ASEAN:AssociationofSoutheastAsianNations東南亞國家聯(lián)盟10. NATO:NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization北大西洋公約組織11. OPEC:OrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries石油輸出國組織12. UNSC:=UnitedNationsSecurityCouncil聯(lián)合國安全理事會(huì)13. WHO:WorldHealthOrganization世界衛(wèi)生組織14. FAO:FoodandAgricu

10、ltureOrganization世界糧農(nóng)組織15. UNESCO:UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization聯(lián)合國教科文組織16. WIPO:WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization（聯(lián)合國）世界知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)組織17. IMO:InternationalMaritimeOrganization國際海事組織18. Interpol/TERPOL:InternationalCriminalPoliceOrganization國際刑警組織19. FBI:FederalBureauofInvest

11、igation美國聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局20. USDHS:UnitedStatesDepartmentofHomelandSecurity美國國土安全部21. CIA：CentralIntelligenceAgency（美國）中央情報(bào)局22. NYSE:NewYorkStockExchange（美國）紐約證券交易所23. NASDAQ:NationalAssociationofSecuritiesDealersAutomatedQuotations（美國）全國證券交易商協(xié)會(huì)自動(dòng)報(bào)價(jià)表；納斯達(dá)克24. IMF：InternationalMonetaryFund國際貨幣基金組織25. NDRCNationa

12、lDevelopmentandReformCommission國家發(fā)改委26. CPC:CommunistPartyofChina27. CPPCC:ChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConference中國人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議28. HKSAR:HongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion香港特另1J行政區(qū)29. NPC:NationalPeople'sCongress（中國）全國人民代表大會(huì)30. GNP:grossNationalProduct國民生產(chǎn)總值31. GDP:GrossDomesticProduct國

13、內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值32. EEC:EuropeanEconomicCommunity歐（洲經(jīng)濟(jì)）共（同）體33. ASPAC-AsianandPacificCouncil亞（洲）太（平洋）理事會(huì)34. EU:EuropeanUnion歐洲聯(lián)盟35. NASA=NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration（美）國家航空和航天局36. WWF:WorldWildlifeFund世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)37. UNDP:UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計(jì)劃署38. UNGA:UnitedNationsGeneralAssembly聯(lián)

14、（合國）大（會(huì)）#1. .ICRC:InternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross紅十字國際委員會(huì)40. UNPKF:UnitedNationsPeacekeepingForce聯(lián)合國維持和平部隊(duì)41. ICJ:InternationalCourtofJustice國際法院42. DJI：DowJonesIndex道瓊斯（股票）平均指數(shù)43. FM:foreignminister外交部長(zhǎng)44. MP:MemberofParliament議員45. PM:PrimeMinister首相；總理46. BBS:BulletinBoardSystem電子公告板47. EMS:E

15、mergencyMedicalService急救醫(yī)療48. IOC:InternationalOlympicCommittee國際奧林匹克委員會(huì)49. WHC:WorldHeritageCommittee世界遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)50. CISAR:ChinainternationalSearchandRescueTeam中國國際救援隊(duì)51. CPI:ConsumerPriceIndex居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)52. NGO:Non-governmentalOrganization非政府組織53. WTO:WorldTradeOrganization世界貿(mào)易組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)版重點(diǎn)第一章英語新聞學(xué)的基本概念：、今天的傳播媒

16、介(themassmediatoday):1. Communication:theprocessofsharingideas,information,andmessageswithothersinaparticulartimeandplace.2. Communicationincludeswritingandtalking,aswellasnonverbalcommunication,visualcommunication,andelectroniccommunication.3. Communicationisavitalpartofpersonallifeandisalsoimporta

17、ntinbusiness,education,andanyothersituationwherepeopleencountereachother.4. Masscommunicationmedia:themeansofcommunicationthatcanreachmanypeopleatatimeeitherbyprintedmaterialsorelectronicwavesarecalledmassmedia.Theseincludenewspaper,magazines,books,radio,television,publicrelationandadvertising.5. TV

18、andnewspaperarethetwomajorkindsofmassmediainthepresentworld.二、新聞學(xué)的定義tthedefinitionofjournalism):1. Journalismisthecollectionandperiodicalpublishingofnews.Itincludeswritingfor,editing,andmanagingsuchmediaasthenewspaperandtheperiodical.Inotherwords,itmeansgathering,evaluating,anddisseminatingfactsofcu

19、rrentinterest.三、新聞及新聞要素(newsandelementsofnews)2. Newsisinformationthatispublishedinnewspapersandbroadcastonradioandtelevisionaboutrecenteventsinthecountryorworldorinaparticularareaofactivity.3. Thereareusuallyfivebasicelementsinnews:who,what,why,when,andwhere.Anadditionalelementmaybe"how".

20、四、新聞價(jià)值和公眾興趣(newsvalueandpublicinterest)1 .軟新聞softnews硬新聞hardnewsHardnewsgenerallyreferstoup-to-the-minutenewsandeventsthatarereportedimmediately.Softnewsisbackgroundinformationorhuman-intereststories,whichappealtopeople'scuriosity,sympathy,skepticism,oramazement.Subjectmatter:Politics,war,econom

21、ics,andcrimeusedtobeconsideredhardnews,whichartsentertainmentandlifestyleswereconsideredsoftnews.Thetoneofpresentation:Ahardnewsstorytakesafactualapproach:whathappened?Whowasinvolved?Whereandwhendidithappen?Why?Asoftnewsstorytriesinsteadtoentertainoradvisethereader2 .Newsvaluereferstotheimportanceof

22、thefactsanddetailsinthenewsthatcansatisfythepublic'sinterestinnews.3 .Publicinterestmeansthedegreeofattentionthereaderspaytothenewsreports.4 .News-worthinessofareport:timeliness,proximity,conflict,eminenceorprominence,consequenceorimpact,humaninterest五、新聞來源和新聞社(sourcesofnewsandnewsagencies)1. Or

23、ganizationsthatcollect,transmit,anddistributenewstonewspapers,periodicals,television,radio,andotherjournalisticandmasscommunicationsmediaarecallednewsagencies.六、新聞的法律與道德問題(legalandethicalissuesofjournalism)2. Areasofparticularconcerntoreportersarelibel,newsroomsearches,protectionofsources,invasionof

24、privacysuitsandthefreepresscontroversy.3. Thecodeofethics:responsibility,freedomofthepress,accuracyandobjectivity.第二章報(bào)紙報(bào)紙的主要功能Toinform,toinfluence,toentertain,toadvertise.ONewspapersarepublicationsusuallyissuedonadailyorweeklybasis,themainfunctionofwhichistoreportthenews.Newspapersalsoprovidecomment

25、aryonthenews,advocatevariouspublicpolicies,furnishspecialinformationandadvicetoreaders,andsometimesincludefeaturessuchascomicstrips(連環(huán)漫畫),cartoons,andserialized(連載)books.小報(bào)(tabloid),大報(bào)(broadsheet)第三章新聞雜志Publicationsreleasedatregularintervalsareoftencalledjournals,orperiodicals.第四章新聞結(jié)構(gòu)1 .GrammaticalF

26、eaturesofNewsHeadlines:1. OmissionoflinkverbssuchasBEanddeterminerssuchasarticlesandpronouns2. Infinitivesforfutureevents3. Presenttenseforpastevents4. Phrasesasheadlines5. Pre-modificationExample1.U.S.plansmoreTaiwansales2.Thelexicalfeaturesofheadlines:Smallwordsandabbreviationsinsteadofbig,completeones(Why?)aid-assistbid-attemptopt-choosevie-competeraidattackcurbfcontrollaudfpraiseslamfcriticizebackf