專轉(zhuǎn)本英語必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、.英語語法整理1、詞類動(dòng)詞詞組 ：幾乎每年必考。形容詞和副詞：比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。It作形式主語及形式賓語：常考， it本身無意義。2、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)學(xué)會(huì)抓時(shí)間狀語。重點(diǎn)關(guān)注 ：進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，客觀真理要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。固定句式 ：如 Hardlywhen 等。主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) 。3、非謂語動(dòng)詞牢記哪些動(dòng)詞后的賓語只能是不定式(to do)、動(dòng)名詞 (doing)，哪些二者兼可。作定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語。注意 ：現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別，即主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)這個(gè)最重要的區(qū)別。4、虛擬語氣記住與現(xiàn)在，過去，將來相反的三種情況。最?？迹号c過去相反的情況。wish ， as if后接三種情況 ：常考。?？?：

2、suggest ，demand，require，order等表示建議、要求、命令的詞后面加從句時(shí)，從句里謂語要用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形，如果是被動(dòng)則用should +be +動(dòng)詞過去分詞。5、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must be 表對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的肯定推測(cè)。can t be表對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的否定推測(cè)。must have + v-ed表示對(duì)過去事實(shí)的肯定推測(cè)。can t have + v-ed 表示對(duì)過去事情的否定推測(cè)。should have + v-ed則表示過去應(yīng)該做某事而沒有做。6、定語從句和名詞性從句定語從句 ：必考。注意點(diǎn)：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別，as 和which 的區(qū)別，限制性和非限制性定語。從句

3、的區(qū)別 ：定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別。注意名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇和語序。7、狀語從句重點(diǎn)關(guān)注 ： in case, unless等連詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。注意：while, when, until, notuntil, before, since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。同時(shí)關(guān)注 ：目的和結(jié)果狀語從句。8、特殊句式;.倒裝句 ：必考， 重點(diǎn)關(guān)注部分倒裝句， as 在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中的用法及意義等，都是考生應(yīng)當(dāng)重視的地方。強(qiáng)調(diào)句 ：必考。反意疑問句 ：不能忽視，判定方法：前肯定后否定or 前否定后肯定，疑問部分主語應(yīng)與從句主語一致。e.g. I believe sheknows it, _?（doesnt

4、she ）Let s， shall we？Let us， will you？9、主謂一致題往往出題者都是考謂語動(dòng)詞選單數(shù)這種情況。就近原則題 ：注意。關(guān)注 ：主語中含有某些連詞 ( 如 as well as, besides, in addition to 等 ) 時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)同第一個(gè)主語保持一致。就近一致(1) 由 here, there, where 等引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中， （有時(shí)主語不止一個(gè)時(shí)）謂語動(dòng)詞 與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致 。Herethe train.（ comes）There _ a pen and five books on the table.（ Is ）There _ f

5、ive books and a pen on the table.（ are ）Where _ your wifeand childrento staywhileyou are on business?（ Is ）(2) 用連 or, eitheror, neither.nor, not only.but also等連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。Tom or you _ taken my pen.（ have）Not only you but also he_ wrong. （ is ）語法一致（ 1）若主語后面跟由 with ,along with, together w

6、ith, like, but, except,besides,as wellas,more than,no lessthan,ratherthan,including,inaddition to等連接的另一個(gè)名詞，其謂語通常要與前面的一個(gè)主語保持一致。例如： 1.He as well asI _ to goboating. (想 ) （ wants ）A librarywith fivethousand books _ offeredto the nationas a gift（ IS ）（ 2）用and 連接的并列主語，如果主語是同一個(gè)人、同一事、同一概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，否則用復(fù)數(shù)。A h

7、ammer and a sickle _ useful tools.（are ）錘子和鐮刀都是有用的工具。The poet and singer _ come.（ has）那位詩人兼歌唱家來了。(3)用連詞 and 連接的并列主語被each, no, every或 many a修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) .e.g.Every boy and every girlin our classthepop star.（likes）(4)one and a half修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù) ;主語是“ one or two復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù) 。;.(5) 百分?jǐn)?shù)或分?jǐn)?shù)+of+ 名詞 ,以及 a

8、 lot of, plenty of, a large quantity of, aheap of, heaps of +名詞作句子的主語時(shí) , 謂語動(dòng)詞要與of 后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。如 :About three-fourths of the earth s surface（ is） covered with water.Twenty percent of the workers in the factory（ are ） men.時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)鍵在于抓住 時(shí)間狀語 。注意： 1)客觀真理，只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；2)一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；3)瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間連用

9、；4)大時(shí)間小時(shí)間，用進(jìn)行時(shí)；5) by+ 時(shí)間狀語，用完成時(shí)；6)主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來；7)表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。一般將來時(shí)的其他表現(xiàn)形式一般將來時(shí)除了使用“ shall will + V ”以外，也可以使用下列的幾種句式來表達(dá) :1)be going to + V( 即將會(huì) ；打算將 )2)be about to + V ( 即將 ，指緊接著要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， “即將做”或“馬上做” , 指最近的將來 )3)be + V-ing( 即將 ，指接近的將來動(dòng)作，即現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來)4)be + to V( 即將 ，指 約定、命令或按計(jì)劃 要做的事 )5)一

10、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來 ( 指接近的將來動(dòng)作，但不如第3項(xiàng)主觀)注意區(qū)別：used to do:表示“過去常常或過去曾經(jīng)”be used to doing sth./ sth.:表示“習(xí)慣于”e.g.Iused to havea walk after supper, but nowI'm used to playingbasketball.現(xiàn)在 / 過去完成時(shí)This is the最高級(jí) + that從句 ( 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) )e.g. This is the best film that I ve (ev er) seen.Ithas been/is+時(shí)間段+ sinceIt (This)is

11、the first time +從句 ( 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) )It (This)was the first time +從句 ( 過去完成時(shí) )將來完成時(shí)will have done表示在將來某一時(shí)刻或另一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或已獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1) 在強(qiáng)調(diào)指出動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束，還要繼續(xù)下去。;.I ve been readingthisbook for two hours, butI haven t finishedit.這本書我已讀了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了，但我還沒讀完。2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作

12、延續(xù)時(shí)間的長久或帶感情色彩。She has always been workinglike that.她一貫是這樣工作的。no sooner.than”、“barely/ hardly/ scarcely.when”含義： “一 就”。句子的前半部分用過去完成時(shí)，而后半部用一般過去時(shí)。該句型通常采用倒裝語序 。No sooner had I opened the cage =Scarcely (Hardly) had I opened thethan the little bird flew out.cage when the little bird flewout.我一開籠小鳥就飛出去了。在

13、 hardly/scarcely/when； no soonerthan; not onlybut also；so.that; suchthat的倒裝句中，前倒后不倒。被動(dòng)態(tài)要點(diǎn)：及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞只有和介詞結(jié)合才能有被動(dòng)態(tài)。不用被動(dòng)態(tài)的情況：1) 不及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語無被動(dòng)語態(tài) ( 即多數(shù)的瞬間動(dòng)詞 ): appear, die, disappear, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread,stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, tak

14、e place.2)不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語:fit, have, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to3) 系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài) (keep 除外 )appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1) wash,

15、 clean,cook,iron, look, cut, sell, read,wear, feel,draw, write,sell, drive等，當(dāng)主語為物，表示其特性時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式。e.g. The book sells well.這本書銷路好。2) 系動(dòng)詞（如 look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等）要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，因?yàn)檫B系動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，它們沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。e.g. Your reasonsounds reasonable.3)blame, let( 出租 ), remain, rente.g. I was to blame for th

16、e accident.4) 在 need, require, want, worth (形容詞 ), deserve + V-ing結(jié)構(gòu)中，主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 .e.g. The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.5) 在 too. to do sth.和 enough t o do sth.這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，若句子主語與其后不定式to do sth.為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則該不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 ( 有時(shí)也可直接用被動(dòng)式).;.e.g. The writing istoo faint toread.這筆跡太模糊，看不清。

17、e.g. These boxes are notstrong enough touse be used as platforms.這些箱子不夠牢，不能用作站臺(tái)。6) 某些“ be + 形容詞 + to do ”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：The book is difficult to understand.這書很難懂。The music isn t pleasant tolistento .這音樂不好聽。The picture is interesting tolookat .這幅畫看起來挺有趣的。“be + 形容詞+ to do”結(jié)構(gòu)注：此句型中，動(dòng)詞不定式和主語實(shí)際上

18、是一種邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，按理說不定式要用被動(dòng)形式， 但習(xí)慣上卻用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。這類形容詞有： easy, hard,nice,fit, dangerous, difficult, impossible, convenient, interesting, important, pleasant, comfortable, light, heavy, good, safe, tough, tricky 等。e.g.The questioniseasytoanswer. It seasytoanswerthequestion.形容詞 worth 后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式 表示被動(dòng)含義，但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式

19、；而 worthy 后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式 ，若接 動(dòng)名詞則其前應(yīng)有介詞 of 。e.g. The picture-book =The picture-book=The picture-bookis wellworth reading.is veryworthy to be read.is veryworthy of being read.非謂語動(dòng)詞不定式用法作表語作定語作狀語： to,only to( 卻 ), in orderto,so as to;.e.g. He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飛快地跑以便趕上第一班車。* 不定式為不及

20、物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，須加介詞He is looking for a room _(live). To live inPlease give me a knife _(cut). to cut withI need a pen to write_.我需要一支筆寫字。with （介詞不能省略）1.He bent down _ (pick) the pen lying on the floor.（ to pick）2.He bent down and _ (pick) the pen lying on the ground.（ picked ）3. The teacher did what she could

21、 _ me with my lessons.（ D）A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. to help4. The doctordideverythinghe could_ (save)the patient.(tosave)5. Every minuteis made fulluse of _ (study)our lessons.（ to study）動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)When I got home, my son happenedto be watchingTV.如果不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，要用完成式。She is said (to have read)th

22、irty novels this year.I'm sorry(to have kept)you waiting so longAfter graduation, he asked(to be sent)to work in the countryside.This novel is said (to have been translated)into French.動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞基本構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞性質(zhì)動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)有具有名詞的特點(diǎn)，具體表現(xiàn)為：1. 動(dòng)名詞可以被定冠詞和物主代詞修飾I hope you dont mindmy sayingit.;.2. 可作動(dòng)詞賓語S. +vt.

23、+ doingHave you finished reading the book?I suggest doing it in a different way.后只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語的一些常用特殊動(dòng)詞特殊動(dòng)詞接“動(dòng)名”，使用它們要記清，避免錯(cuò)過( 少 )延期 avoid / miss /delay/postpone建議完成( 多 )練習(xí) suggest / advise/ finish /practise喜歡想象禁不住enjoy/appreciate/ imagine/ resist / cant help承認(rèn)否定(與)嫉妒 admit / deny/envy逃脫冒險(xiǎn)(莫)原諒 escape /

24、envy /risk /pardon / excuse忍受保持(不)在意 stand / keep / keep on / mind掌握它們今必行。1. 不定式與動(dòng)名詞無區(qū)別startbegincontinue + to doing 注意 下列情況中begin 和 start后須接不定式主語是物不是人Spring came on, and the snow beganto melt .begin 和 start用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)It s beginningto snow .后接表示心理活動(dòng)或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如：understand, realize, knowI beganto realizehow s

25、tupid I was.后接不定式被動(dòng)式The new typeof computerbegan to be developedin the 1980s.2. 不定式與動(dòng)名詞區(qū)別細(xì)微lovehatelikeprefer + to doing后接動(dòng)名詞表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作， 多指一個(gè)人的愛好、 習(xí)慣等， 后接不定式表的某一次動(dòng)作I like _swiming_ (swim) in summer.I didn t like _to swim_ (swim) that day.3. 不定式與動(dòng)名詞區(qū)別很 大 : remember forget regret try mean stopgo oncant

26、helpa. I remember（ visiting） his parents when I went to the town.I ll remember （ to visit） his parents when I go to the town.b.Hes forgotten（ switching） off the light.He forgot（ to switch）off the light when he left.c. I regret（ aying ） those words.I regret（to say ） that I cant come tonight.d. He tri

27、ed（ teaching） the children in a new way.He tried（to teach） the children as much as he could.1. Boys, don'tforget_ the windows beforeyou leavethe classroom.DA. closingB. closedC. to closingD. to close2.She reached the top of the hilland stopped_ on a big rock.CA. to have restedB. restingC. to res

28、tD. rest3. Remember _ the lights when you leave the office.AA. to turn offB. turning offC. turn offD. to turning off;.1. The teacher is coming, lets stop _ (talk).talking2.He forgotever _ (write)to me, so he wrote anotherone.writing3.I remember _ (bring) the book to you last week.bringing4. I regret

29、 _ (tell) that we cant take your advice.to tell5. Revolution means _(liberate) the productive forces.liberating6. Go on _ (do) the other exercise after you have finished this one.to do分詞的否定式not +分詞Not having receivedhis letter, he decided to call him.Not knowinghis address, she cannot get in touch w

30、ith him.現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，過去分詞表被動(dòng)完成1.(Seeing/seen)from the top of the tower,we can see a beautifulfactory.2. (Seeing/seen)from the top of the tower,the factorylooksbeautiful.3. (Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldn t help crying.4. (Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better.5.I stood by the door, n

31、ot daring to say a word.非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語 過去分詞 作定語與其修飾詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 且過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作已完成 。相當(dāng)于一個(gè) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，與修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系。 不定式 作定語表示 將要發(fā)生 的動(dòng)作。分詞作插入語其結(jié)構(gòu)是固定的，意思上的主語并不是句子的主語。generally speaking一般說來talking of (speaking of)說到strictly speaking嚴(yán)格的說judging from從 判斷all things considered從整體來看taking all things into consi

32、deration全面看來Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.總的來說，狗比豬跑得快。 (speaking并不是 dogs 的動(dòng)作 )練習(xí);.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.A. makingB. makesC. madeD. to make選 A，現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，這類分詞短語常放在句子的后面, ing 表示順其自然，不定式表示突然，出乎意料。、e.g. His parents died

33、,（ leaving） him an orphan.He rushed to the post officeonly（ to find）it was closed練習(xí)The managers discussedthe planthattheywould liketo see _the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out選 C。該題考查 過去分詞作補(bǔ)語的用法。 The plan與 carry out的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 see sth.done 這結(jié)構(gòu)常見的還有watch (notice,observ

34、e,have 和 make) sth. done.分詞作 賓語補(bǔ)足語 ，通常在感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞之后，要看分詞與賓語 的關(guān)系：若為 主動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用 現(xiàn)在分詞 ；若為 被動(dòng) 關(guān)系，則用 過去分詞 。e.g. make sb. heard / understood(使別人能聽見/ 理解自己 )練習(xí)The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eat選 C。該題考查不定式的否定式作主補(bǔ)。要注意warn 后跟詞方式，warn sb. not to d

35、o sth.warn sb. against doing sth.該題應(yīng)該用結(jié)構(gòu)，且not 應(yīng)放在 to 之前。練習(xí)The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until1912.A. first playedB. to be first playedC. first playingD. to be first playing選 A。注： first played in 776 B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.練習(xí)I found my car _.我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的車不見了。m

36、issingI'll have my watch _.我想把我的手表修一下。repairedHe had his leg _ in the basketball match yesterday.他的腿在昨天的籃球比賽中受了傷。Injured修改句子分詞作狀語Walking through the park, the flowerslooked very beautiful. (wrong)Walking through the park,we saw a lot of flowers.Standing on the tower, the whole village could be s

37、een. (wrong)Standingon the tower,we could see the whole village.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu);.1）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨(dú)立存在。2）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞等是主謂關(guān)系 。3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句分開。e.g.Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.如果天氣允許，我們明天去看你。If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk.2011 年 All flights _ bec

38、ause of the snowstorm, many passengers could donothing but stay at the airport.DA. had been cancelledB. were cancelledC. having been cancelledD. have been cancelledWith 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作獨(dú)立主格with + 名詞 ( 代詞 )+ 現(xiàn)在分詞 / 過去分詞 / 形容詞 / 副詞 / 不定式 / 介詞短語 : 表伴隨。典型例題The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his

39、back。A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied答案 D. with +名詞（代詞） +分詞 +介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)分詞表示伴隨狀況時(shí)，其主語常常用with 來引導(dǎo)。由于本句中名詞“手”與分詞“綁”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞，選D。定語從句只用that的情況先行詞為不定代詞everything，little，much， all ， anything ， nothing 。e.g.Finally, the thief handed everythingthathe had stolen.先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用that 。e.g

40、.This is the best book(that)I ve ever read先行詞被 the only， the very，the last修飾時(shí)，用that 。e.g.He is the only personthatI want to see now.“介詞 +關(guān)系代詞”的用法可用來限定名詞、代詞、分?jǐn)?shù)詞、數(shù)詞等。e.g.1. Inthe darkstreet,therewasnta sing le person_ shecould turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom2. He paid the boy $10 for

41、 washing the windows, most of _ hadntbeen cleaned for at least a year.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. whichas/which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句(1) 位置不同： as 具有正如之意， 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 位置隨你意 ，可在 句前、句中、句后 ； which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 不能用于句首 。As we had expected,the meeting was canceled.The meeting,as we had expected,was canceled.The meeting w

42、as canceled, as we had expected.(2) 如從句中行為動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)語態(tài)，一般要用which 作主語。Tom has made great progress,which made us happy.(3) 與 such 或 the same 連用時(shí)，一般用as.Such booksas you tell me are interesting.;.as anybody can see正如人人都能看到的那樣as we had expected正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣as is known to all眾所周知as is often the case正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣as is

43、 mentioned above正如上面提到的as has been said before如上所述定語從句中：若先行詞是 one of +名詞復(fù)數(shù) , 定從謂語用 復(fù)數(shù)；若先行詞是 the only one of +名詞復(fù)數(shù) , 定從謂語用 單數(shù)Tom isone of the studentswhowerepraised by the teacher yesterday.Tom isthe onlyone of the studentswho was praisedby the teacheryesterday.*Is this factory _ we visited last week

44、? DA. whereB. thatC. which D. the one*This factory is _ we visited last week.A. whereB. thatC. which D. the one口訣先行詞沒有，the one/ones加前頭Is this problemthe oneyou have thought of for ten years?主語從句主語從句一律用陳述句語序 , 即主語在前 , 謂語在后 .連接詞 that在從句中無實(shí)際意義 , 但不能省略 . whether 可以引導(dǎo)主語從句,但 if不能 . whoever,whatever,whiche

45、ver等詞可以引導(dǎo)主語從句,但 no matterwho,no matter what不能 .e.g. 1.That he is a famous singeris known to us.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)e.g. 2.When he will go to Americais not yet fixed.(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)表語從句不要使用The reasonis because that句型 ,應(yīng)使用The reasonisthat或Th

46、is/ it/ that is because 等句型.例如 :今天早上他遲到的原因是因?yàn)槁飞闲腥颂?誤 : The reason why he was late this morning is because that there was a lot of traffic on the road.正 :The reason whyhe was late this morningis thatthere was alot of traffic on the road.或 :He was late this morning.That was becausethere was a lotoftr

47、affic on the road.只能用 whetherwhether 與 if均為“是否”，但下列情況下只用whether：1. whether 引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首Whether he will comeis not clear.;.2. whether引導(dǎo)表語從句The question iswhether he ll come.3. whether從句作介詞賓語I m not sure aboutwhether we ll win.4.從句后緊跟“or not”或“ to ”Whether you like it or not,youll have to do it.虛擬語氣 】Be

48、 型：即謂語動(dòng)詞用do 或 should do1）想要 (desire)、寧愿 (prefer)、命令 (order, command)、建議 (advise, suggest,propose,recommend, urge) 、要求 (demand, require,request,ask,insist,maintain)中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用(should) do。e.g. He suggested that we (should) take the teachers advice.2) 表情緒、觀點(diǎn)的形容詞或名詞也要用虛擬語氣。 如：necessary, important, urgent

49、, impossible, essential, desirable, proper, recommendable, advisable, natural,strange, surprising, a pity等。句型： It isthat + (should) do3)凡是由 lest( 以免 ,免得 ),in case( 以防 ),for fear that( 生怕 ,唯恐 ) 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，用(should) do。e.g. Keep quiet in case you (should) interrupt him when he is busy.Were 型：即謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式1） It is (high, about) time (that)