商務(wù)英語閱讀課件第一章

1、CENTURY BUSINESS ENGLISH大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社閱讀教程（基礎(chǔ)篇閱讀教程（基礎(chǔ)篇I I）（第四版）（第四版）世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語 主編：王洗薇主編：王洗薇大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社課程目的課程目的 通過教學(xué)讓大家理解、熟悉商業(yè)領(lǐng)域中常用詞通過教學(xué)讓大家理解、熟悉商業(yè)領(lǐng)域中常用詞和詞組的含義及用法，熟練掌握有效地閱讀商業(yè)和詞組的含義及用法，熟練掌握有效地閱讀商業(yè)文章所需要的技巧、策略與商務(wù)英語專業(yè)詞匯，文章所需要的技巧、策略與商務(wù)英語專業(yè)詞匯，并通過大量的專題閱讀練習(xí)，增強(qiáng)語感，從而全并通過大量的專題閱讀練習(xí)，

2、增強(qiáng)語感，從而全面提高學(xué)生通過閱讀指南、手冊、雜志、報(bào)紙、面提高學(xué)生通過閱讀指南、手冊、雜志、報(bào)紙、公司介紹、報(bào)告和合同等商務(wù)材料以獲取各種商公司介紹、報(bào)告和合同等商務(wù)材料以獲取各種商業(yè)信息的能力，為畢業(yè)后成為適應(yīng)社會(huì)需要的應(yīng)業(yè)信息的能力，為畢業(yè)后成為適應(yīng)社會(huì)需要的應(yīng)用型涉外商務(wù)工作者打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。用型涉外商務(wù)工作者打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 Unit One Business L大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Business Language Do you know how native speakers should use English in busi

3、ness contexts and why Chinese is becoming popular in South Korea? You will know the answers after the learning of this unit. Besides, you will also read an introduction to a training course which shows the features of effective English training methods and learn some reading skills about how to gues

4、s the meaning of new words from context clues.大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Business LanguageReading Skill FocusWords and ExpressionsPractical ReadingComprehensive Reading大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus Successful readers use a variety of plans to deal with words they do not know. They may study the forma

5、tion or parts of the word, or they may make use of definition, its synonym or antonym provided by the author to work out its meaning. Determining meaning through context is the most effective method for handling unknown words. Context Clues (1)大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill FocusThat is, examine th

6、e sentence in which the word appears, or even the sentence before and after the word. When the surrounding text contains a hint or suggestion to help determine the meaning of the unknown word, we refer to this hint or suggestion as context clue. There are commonly six types of context clues:大連理工大學(xué)出版

7、社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus1. Inference /General Sense Context Clues（推論/常識）2. Contrast /Antonym Clues（對比/反義）3. Restatement /Synonym Clues（重述/同義）4. Example Clues（示例）5. Cause and Effect Relationship Clues（因果關(guān)系）6. Definition Clues（定義） We will discuss the six types of context clues from Unit 1 to Unit

8、 4. In this unit, we will begin with Inference /General Sense Context Clues and Contrast/Antonym Clues.大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill FocusInference/General Knowledge CluesSometimes a word or phrase is not immediately made clear within the same sentence. Relationships, which are not directly appare

9、nt, are implied. The reader must look for clues within, before, and after the sentence in which the word is used.Contrast/Antonym CluesIn some sentences, we will find two words with opposite meanings. If we know the meaning of one word, we will be able to guess the meaning of the other word. The clu

10、ewords commonly used in the sentences are:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill FocusClue Wordsbutwhileyetthoughhoweveralthoughneverthelesseven thoughconverselyin spite ofin contrast on the contrarydespiteon the other handPunctuationSemicolon;大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill FocusAGuided PracticeSample 1 A

11、s you look down from the tower, you have the panorama of sea, bay, city and countryside. A. real beauty B. great excitement C. whole idea D. complete view Clue: 當(dāng)“panorama”作為單獨(dú)一個(gè)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)，你可能猜不出它的意思, 不過當(dāng)你讀到后面的詞“sea, bay, city”和“countryside”時(shí)，通過推理就會(huì)猜出它的意思與“視野”有關(guān)。因此從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，可以確定D 為正確選項(xiàng)。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社R

12、eading Skill FocusSample 2 Elvis Presley was afraid of being assassinated, and he wore a bullet-proof vest, but he couldnt stay away from the crowds who loved him. A. laughed at B. killed C. taken away D. beatenClue: 從后面的句子可以分析出Elvis Presley 所擔(dān)心的是“be killed”，否則的話，他不會(huì)穿上防彈背心(bullet-proof vest)。因此B 為正確

13、選項(xiàng)。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill FocusSample 3 Some students tried to help, but some tried to hinder him.Clue: “but”這個(gè)線索詞表明“hinder”與“help”的詞義形成對比，由此可以猜出“hinder”這個(gè)詞含有“阻止，阻撓”的意思。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill FocusBLets Try Try to figure out the meaning of the underlined words in the following sent

14、ences and explain the clues.1. I cant believe it! Right in the middle of our conversation, Peter turned around abruptly and walked out of the room! A. formally B. slowly C. suddenly D. quietly 首先，第一句話表明說話人對于后面發(fā)生的事情感到非常首先，第一句話表明說話人對于后面發(fā)生的事情感到非常驚訝。從第二句話中，我們明白了驚訝。從第二句話中，我們明白了“當(dāng)我們正在談話時(shí)，彼得當(dāng)我們正在談話時(shí)，彼得很唐突地

15、（很唐突地（abruptly）轉(zhuǎn)身離開了房間）轉(zhuǎn)身離開了房間”，這就是說話人為什，這就是說話人為什么感到吃驚的原因。選項(xiàng)中最接近這個(gè)意思的應(yīng)該是么感到吃驚的原因。選項(xiàng)中最接近這個(gè)意思的應(yīng)該是C項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。 Clue:C( )大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社2. After the harvest, we had an abundant amount of apples. We made apple pie, applesauce, and apple juice because we had so many apples! A. small B. not enough C. limited D

16、. plentifulD( ) 通過后面句子中的解釋通過后面句子中的解釋“because we had so many apples”，推測出，推測出“蘋果大豐收蘋果大豐收”，因此可以猜出，因此可以猜出“abundant”的意思是的意思是“豐富的，大量的豐富的，大量的”，正確答案，正確答案是是D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。 Clue:Reading Skill Focus大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus3. When Sara was sick, her voice was almost inaudible. We couldnt hear what she was tr

17、ying to say clearly. A. very loud B. very soft C. very strange D. very shyB( ) 通過前面句子設(shè)定的背景（通過前面句子設(shè)定的背景（when Sara was sick），），再加上后面句子的描述（再加上后面句子的描述（We couldnt hear what she was trying to say），很顯然，），很顯然，Sara說話的聲音很輕，說話的聲音很輕，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。項(xiàng)為正確答案。 Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus4. There is an optimu

18、m way to approach each kind of exam question. For a multiple-choice item, for example, first remove any clearly wrong answers. For an essay question, write down an outline first. A. inconvenient B. best C. annoying D. easyB( ) 后兩句對考試答題的方法進(jìn)行了講解，根據(jù)常識可后兩句對考試答題的方法進(jìn)行了講解，根據(jù)常識可以判斷，這兩種方法應(yīng)該是比較好的。因此，可以排除以判斷，這

19、兩種方法應(yīng)該是比較好的。因此，可以排除A，C，D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。optimum的意思是的意思是“最優(yōu)的，最佳的最優(yōu)的，最佳的”。 Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus5. The doctor said that there was only a slim hope of survival for the people in the air crash. A. numerous B. considerable C. moderate D. very littleD( ) 根據(jù)常識，在空難（根據(jù)常識，在空難（air crash）中生還的可能性一

20、）中生還的可能性一般很小，所以，般很小，所以，“醫(yī)生醫(yī)生”表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是“乘客幸存的乘客幸存的希望渺茫（希望渺茫（only a slim hope of survival）” Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus6. Black clouds, thunder and lightning show that a storm is imminent. A. transient B. about to happen C. coming to an end D. to last longB( ) 根據(jù)常識，在空難（根據(jù)常識，在空難（a

21、ir crash）中生還的可能性一）中生還的可能性一般很小，所以，般很小，所以，“醫(yī)生醫(yī)生”表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是“乘客幸存的乘客幸存的希望渺茫（希望渺茫（only a slim hope of survival）” Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus7. They suspended the construction of the bridge during the strike. A. opposed B. supported C. continued D. delayed D( ) 在該句中，非常重要的線索就是在該句中，非常重要

22、的線索就是“strike”這個(gè)詞。這個(gè)詞?！霸诠と肆T工期間，他們只能推遲（在工人罷工期間，他們只能推遲（suspend）橋梁的建）橋梁的建造。造?！彼?，正確答案是選項(xiàng)所以，正確答案是選項(xiàng)D。Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus8. In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil. A. lack of order B. harmony C. peace D. simpl

23、icityA( ) 此句中，以信號詞此句中，以信號詞however為線索，可以看出作者為線索，可以看出作者把現(xiàn)在的事情與過去相比。過去是把現(xiàn)在的事情與過去相比。過去是in an orderly way“秩秩序井然序井然”，而現(xiàn)在是，而現(xiàn)在是“in a state of turmoil”，即沒有秩，即沒有秩序，因此正確答案是選項(xiàng)序，因此正確答案是選項(xiàng)A。Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus9. During office hour he looked very tense and anxious, but he was very relaxed o

24、n weekend. A. unhappy B. nervous C. exhausted D. sickB( ) “but” 這個(gè)線索詞表明這個(gè)線索詞表明“tense”與與“relaxed”的詞的詞義形成對比，由此可以猜出義形成對比，由此可以猜出“tense”這個(gè)詞含有這個(gè)詞含有“緊張緊張”的意思。的意思。Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Reading Skill Focus10. Unlike the well-mannered John, Jim was rather uncouth. A. rude B. polite C. untidy D. informalA( )

25、“unlike”這個(gè)線索詞表明在原句中這個(gè)線索詞表明在原句中John和和Jim在行在行為舉止方面是截然相反的，為舉止方面是截然相反的，John彬彬有禮（彬彬有禮（well-mannered），由此可以推測出），由此可以推測出uncouth的意思是的意思是“粗魯粗魯?shù)牡摹?。Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive ReadingText A Is Your English Too English? English may be the language of business but as Alison Thomas reports, its not only n

26、on-native speakers who need to learn how to use it . Ask a Swedish “Talar du Svenska?”and he may well reply “Yes. But only at ernationalinternational a. 國際的，世界的effectively ad. 有效地，有力地executive n. 業(yè)務(wù)主管 a. 執(zhí)行的 英語是國際商務(wù)語言，但是正如艾莉森英語是國際商務(wù)語言，但是正如艾莉森托馬斯報(bào)道托馬斯報(bào)道的，不僅僅是非英語國家的人需要學(xué)習(xí)如何有效地使用英的，不僅僅是非英語國家的人需要

27、學(xué)習(xí)如何有效地使用英語。語。 如果問一位瑞典愛立信公司的管理人員：如果問一位瑞典愛立信公司的管理人員：“你講你講瑞典語嗎？瑞典語嗎？”他的回答可能是：他的回答可能是：“講，但只在家里。講，但只在家里。 EricssonEricsson: 愛立信公司, 世界知名的電信供應(yīng)商和移動(dòng)通訊供應(yīng)商；公司總部位于瑞典。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 （1）有效地；生效地 eg. Children have to learn to communicate effectively. （2）實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上 eg. Effectively, their response was a refusal. 大連理

28、工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 CEO=Chief Executive Officer （執(zhí)行總裁）大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive ReadingAt work I speak English.” is one of European companies that use English as their official language. These companies and at the same time increase the of English as the language of international communication. So

29、on speakers of English as a second language will exceed that of native English speakers.Corporate 公司的，團(tuán)體的dominanceDominance 優(yōu)勢，統(tǒng)治（地位）工作時(shí)講英語。工作時(shí)講英語?！痹絹碓蕉嗟臍W洲公司把英語作為公司的越來越多的歐洲公司把英語作為公司的官方語言，愛立信公司便是其中之一。與此同時(shí)，這些公官方語言，愛立信公司便是其中之一。與此同時(shí)，這些公司認(rèn)識并提高了英語作為國際交流語言的統(tǒng)治地位。不久司認(rèn)識并提高了英語作為國際交流語言的統(tǒng)治地位。不久以后，使用英語作為第二語言的人數(shù)將超

30、過母語為英語的以后，使用英語作為第二語言的人數(shù)將超過母語為英語的人數(shù)。人數(shù)。 大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 adj.社團(tuán)的，法人的 n.公司 大量 的數(shù)量大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 v (1) to accept or admit that something is true承認(rèn)承認(rèn)(事實(shí)事實(shí)) He recognized his lack of qualifications/that he was not qualified for the post. 他承認(rèn)自己不夠條件(沒有資格)擔(dān)任那個(gè)職務(wù)。 (2) to know who someone is or what som

31、ething is, because you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past 認(rèn)出，識別；認(rèn)識認(rèn)出，識別；認(rèn)識 I didnt recognize you in your uniform. 你穿著制服，我沒認(rèn)出來是你。 大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 If you realize a fact, you know and understand it, or begin to understand it. Do you realize how dangerous this is? 你沒意識到這

32、有多危險(xiǎn)嗎？ If you recognize a fact or problem, you accept that it exists We recognize that many students need extra help. 我們認(rèn)識到很多學(xué)生需要額外幫助。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 n.the fact of being more powerful, more important, or more noticeable than other people or things優(yōu)勢；支配(地位)，統(tǒng)治(地位)dominance of the continuing domina

33、nce of the army 軍隊(duì)的持續(xù)統(tǒng)治political/economic/cultural etc. dominance the economic and political dominance of Western countries 西方國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)政治統(tǒng)治地位dominance over televisions dominance over other media 電視相對于其他媒體的優(yōu)勢地位大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive Reading Although a company might use English as its official la

34、nguage, its are unlikely to be . Language trainer, Jacquie Reid, thinks we consistently the fluency of non-native speakers. “We always that their language skills are as good as ours, so they understand everything we say.”bilingual 雙語的Overestimate 估計(jì)，評估assumeassume 假定，設(shè)想 盡管公司可以將英語作為它的官方語言，但員工們不可能熟練地掌

35、握兩門語言。語言培訓(xùn)師夏克雷德認(rèn)為我們經(jīng)常會(huì)高估了非母語者的流利程度?！拔覀兛偸钦J(rèn)為因?yàn)樗麄兊恼Z言技能與我們一樣好，所以他們能聽懂我們所說的一切?！贝筮B理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 n.雇員 n.雇主= bi + lingual bi- 二、雙邊的 tri- 三 eg. triangle 三角大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社ad. 一貫地，一向 He has been acting consistently in bad faith and the time when he keeps his promise will never come 他一貫不講信用, 要想讓他履行諾言基本是不可

36、能的。 a. The last five years have seen a consistent improvement in the countrys economy. 在最近的五年里，這個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況一直在好轉(zhuǎn)。 大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社(1) vt. & vi. 對評價(jià)過高 I overestimated his abilities hes finding the job very difficult. 我過高估計(jì)了他的能力現(xiàn)在他覺得工作非常困難。 (2) vt. & vi. （對數(shù)量、價(jià)值等）估計(jì)過高 I overestimated the amount

37、 of milk wed need for the weekend. 我過高估計(jì)了我們周末的用奶量。(3) n. 過高的估計(jì) The figure of 30% is clearly an overestimate. 30%這個(gè)數(shù)字明顯是估計(jì)過高。 大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive Reading So how should we our use of language and what are common problems? “Simplify it” is Reids advice. “Dont over-complicate the message. Re

38、duce what youre saying to manageable .” Reid always tells people to limit themselves to one idea per sentence. “Its also important to slow down and not to raise your voice.”adapt 使適應(yīng)；改編chunksChunk 語塊；大塊 那么，我們應(yīng)如何調(diào)整語言的運(yùn)用，有什么常見的問題呢？雷德的建議是“簡化語言”。“不要讓內(nèi)容過于復(fù)雜。將你想表達(dá)的內(nèi)容縮減到可以接受的長度?！崩椎驴偸歉嬖V人們每句話只表達(dá)一個(gè)想法?！胺怕Z速，不提

39、高音量也很重要?！贝筮B理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 adapt to 使適應(yīng)于 eg. It is difficult for freshmen to adapt themselves to new college life. adopt 收養(yǎng)（孤兒） adjust to 調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive Reading Dr. Jasmine Patel, a language at , says different languages also have their own approaches to dialogue. “The British

40、 start with expressions such as So, should we get down to it? And they understate important issues with phrases such as There could be a slight problem.consultantconsultant 顧問，咨詢者idiomaticIdiomatic 慣用的，符合語言習(xí)慣的 歐洲電話公司的語言顧問嘉思敏佩頓博士說，不同語言有各自不同的談話方法。英國人開始交談的常用語是，“那么，我們言歸正傳，好嗎？”而且對重要問題輕描淡寫地說：“有個(gè)小問題?！?Euro

41、phoneEurophone: 北美著名無線數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)公司。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 consultant n. someone whose job is to give advice on a particular subject 顧問 eg. financial consultant （財(cái)經(jīng)顧問）大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 (1) n. 方法，方式 He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the leadership skills through case study. 他決定采取一種不同的方法，通過案例學(xué)習(xí)

42、來講授領(lǐng)導(dǎo)技巧。 approach to I tried a different approach to the problem. 我試著用不同的方法來解決這個(gè)問題。 (2) n. 通道，入口 All approaches to the city were blocked. 通往這座城市的所有道路都被封鎖了。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社(3) vt. & vi. 走近，靠近 She heard footsteps approaching. 她聽到腳步聲越來越近。 Somebody said that because I have a certain serious air ab

43、out me, its difficult for others to approach me. 有人說我外表帶點(diǎn)兒嚴(yán)肅的調(diào)調(diào)，所以讓人很難接近。(4) vt. 找商量（或聯(lián)系） Have you approached the manager about taking a day off next week? 你是否同經(jīng)理談過下周請一天假的事?(5) 處理，解決approach a problem/task/matter etc. There are several ways of approaching the problem. 處理這個(gè)問題有好幾個(gè)方法。 大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版

44、社Comprehensive ReadingThey also say Thats a good idea, but. when they mean No and they repeatedly use the word get with different meanings. And worst of all they insist on using humour which is so that no one understands it.”culture-specificculture-specific 文化限定的當(dāng)他們想說“不”卻說“這是個(gè)好主意，但是”。他們重復(fù)使用get這個(gè)詞，含義

45、卻不同。最糟糕的是，他們堅(jiān)持使用幽默語言，然而由于幽默文化限定性，外國人無法理解。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 Black and blue 鼻青臉腫 Six and seven 亂七八糟大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive Reading The of English native speakers are to the stress of trying to understand a foreign language in a work environment because they the business world speaking their l

46、anguage. At Ericsson, however, this is not the case. At the UK , Ericsson Telecommunications, management training courses include seminars on both language and cross-cultural issues.insensitiveinsensitive 感覺遲鈍的，不敏感的subsidiarysubsidiary 子公司 大多數(shù)以英語為母語的人對在工作場所理解外語的壓力不敏感，因?yàn)樗麄冎涝谏探缛藗兌贾v他們自己的語言。然而，在愛立信公司，情

47、況并非如此。在愛立信電信公司英國子公司，管理培訓(xùn)課程包括既討論語言也討論跨文化問題的研討會(huì)。 大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 majority 多數(shù) minority 少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族 sensitive 敏感的 sensible 明智的，合情理的；可感覺到的 eg. Sales manager is to market change. rely on 信賴，依賴；信任大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive ReadingA frequent made in follow-up is that increased has improved communication

48、 and more importantly given participants a betterunderstanding of their own language and how others might it.evaluationsevaluations 評價(jià)interpret 解釋；口譯在跟蹤評價(jià)中經(jīng)常聽到的評論是，認(rèn)識的提高改善了溝通，更重要的是讓接受培訓(xùn)者更好地了解自己的語言以及別人是如何理解的。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 comment (1) n. 評論 The Prime Minister was not available for comment. 首相無暇做出

49、評論。comment on/about He made several favorable comments about their candidate. 他對他們的候選人發(fā)表了一些有利的評論。 We are awaiting your comment on the proposals set forth above. 以上意見是否合適，請批示。(2) vt. & vi. 評論，發(fā)表意見 The minister refused to comment on the rumors of his resignation. 部長拒絕就他辭職一事的傳聞發(fā)表評論。No comment. 不予評論

50、大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 awareness n. 意識，察覺 This kind of accident is not accidental at all. It is all because that working staff lack safety awareness in their daily work.發(fā)生這樣的事故絕非偶然, 都是工作人員平時(shí)缺乏安全意識。aware a. 知道的；注意到的 As you are well aware, there is a great competition on the part of both Germany and the U

51、nited States. 正如貴公司所知道的，在這兒，德國貨和美國貨具有很強(qiáng)的競爭力。be aware of We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation. 我們十分清楚形勢的嚴(yán)峻性。 大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社 interpret vt (1) to explain the meaning of something 解釋 One can always find expressions such as, “The final right to interpret belongs to the supermarket,” on

52、supermarket sales advertisements. 在超市的促銷廣告上總能看到“最終解釋權(quán)歸某某超市所有”的字樣。 (2) to translate spoken words from one language into another 口譯，翻譯 We had to ask our guide to interpret for us. 我們得讓導(dǎo)游為我們口譯。大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Words and ExpressionsText Ainternationaleffectively executivecorporaterecognizedominancecomm

53、unicationemployeebilingual大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Words and Expressionsconsistentlyoverestimatefluencyassumeadapt simplifymanageablechunkconsultantapproach大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社issueidiomaticinsist onculture-specificmajorityinsensitivesubsidiary commentevaluation awarenessparticipant interpretWords and Expres

54、sions大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive ReadingTask 1 At the very beginning of this unit, youve learned the techniques of guessing the meaning of unfamiliar words from context clues. Read Text A and choose the most probable meaning for the following words, and explain the clues.1. exceed (Para. 2, Line

55、 7): A. to be fewer than B. to be greater than C. to be better qualified than_B 前一句講到英語作為國際交流語言，其重要性越來前一句講到英語作為國際交流語言，其重要性越來越明顯，因此學(xué)習(xí)英語的人必然會(huì)增加，由此可以推出，越明顯，因此學(xué)習(xí)英語的人必然會(huì)增加，由此可以推出，以英語作為第二語言進(jìn)行交流的人的數(shù)量會(huì)超過以英語為以英語作為第二語言進(jìn)行交流的人的數(shù)量會(huì)超過以英語為母語的人。母語的人。 Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Comprehensive Reading2. over-complicate (P

56、ara. 4, Line 3): A. to make something easy B. to make something short and clear C. to make something too difficult to deal withC_ 這是根據(jù)反義線索而猜測的詞義。前一句的建議是這是根據(jù)反義線索而猜測的詞義。前一句的建議是 simplify，緊接著本句建議，緊接著本句建議dont over-complicate，很明，很明顯，顯，over-complicate應(yīng)該與應(yīng)該與simplify 意思相反，因此是使意思相反，因此是使某事物變得過分復(fù)雜難以應(yīng)對的意思。某事物變得過

57、分復(fù)雜難以應(yīng)對的意思。 Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社3. understate (Para. 5, Line 4) : A. to emphasize a statement, fact, or idea B. to describe something in a way that makes it seem less important than it really is C. to say something in a strong wayB_ 整句話的意思是，英國人將重要的問題說成是整句話的意思是，英國人將重要的問題說成是“有可有可能有一個(gè)小問題能有一個(gè)小問題”，因此可

58、以推斷，因此可以推斷，understate的意思是的意思是“有意往少了說，輕描淡寫有意往少了說，輕描淡寫”。 Clue:Comprehensive Reading大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社4. seminar (Para. 6, Line 5) : A. Class B. event C. promotionA_ training course “培訓(xùn)課程培訓(xùn)課程”包括的一定是包括的一定是“課課”，因此可以推斷正確選型是因此可以推斷正確選型是A。該詞的詞義是。該詞的詞義是“研討班課程，研討班課程，研討會(huì)研討會(huì)”。 Clue:Comprehensive Reading大連理工大學(xué)出版社

59、大連理工大學(xué)出版社5. improve (Para. 6, Line 7) : A. to make something difficult B. to make something less important C. to make something betterComprehensive ReadingC_ improved communication 前面是前面是increased awareness“提高了的意識提高了的意識”，后面是，后面是better understanding“更好的理解更好的理解”，因此，因此improve的意思一定的意思一定也是也是“改善，變得更好改善，變得

60、更好”。 Clue:大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社Task 2 Choose the best answer for each of the following questions according to Text A.1. What may “Talar du Svenska” mean？ A. Do you speak Swedish? B. Do you speak English? C. Can you speak English? D. Do you use a computer?( )AComprehensive Reading大連理工大學(xué)出版社大連理工大學(xué)出版社2. Why do many compa