高中英語 話題導(dǎo)入（Module 2　DNA—the Secret of Life）教學(xué)素材 外研版選修9

1、Module 2DNAthe Secret of Life話題導(dǎo)入“治療性克隆”爭論的核心問題是人類胚胎與病人利益的沖突問題，首先必須明確“人”的定義問題。著名科學(xué)家何祚庥認(rèn)為：一個(gè)單個(gè)的受精卵沒有感覺功能，也沒有神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，不是真正意義上的“人”。為了保護(hù)一個(gè)不是“人”的人權(quán)，而不顧千千萬萬通過治療性克隆可以治愈的患者的權(quán)利，是不利于社會(huì)的進(jìn)步的。背景知識(shí)克隆是英文clone的音譯，簡單講就是一種人工誘導(dǎo)的無性繁殖方式。但克隆與無性繁殖是不同的。無性繁殖是指不經(jīng)過雌雄兩性生殖細(xì)胞的結(jié)合、只由一個(gè)生物體產(chǎn)生后代的生殖方式，常見的有孢子生殖、出芽生殖和分裂生殖。由植物的根、莖、葉等經(jīng)過壓條或嫁接等

2、方式產(chǎn)生新個(gè)體也叫無性繁殖。綿羊、猴子和牛等動(dòng)物沒有人工操作是不能進(jìn)行無性繁殖的?？茖W(xué)家把人工遺傳操作動(dòng)物繁殖的過程叫克隆，這門生物技術(shù)叫克隆技術(shù)?？寺〉幕具^程是先將含有遺傳物質(zhì)的供體細(xì)胞的核移植到去除了細(xì)胞核的卵細(xì)胞中，利用微電流刺激等使兩者融合為一體，然后促使這一新細(xì)胞分裂繁殖發(fā)育成胚胎，當(dāng)胚胎發(fā)育到一定程度后，再被植入動(dòng)物子宮中使動(dòng)物懷孕，便可產(chǎn)下與提供細(xì)胞者基因相同的動(dòng)物。這一過程中如果對(duì)供體細(xì)胞進(jìn)行基因改造，那么無性繁殖的動(dòng)物后代基因就會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。引入型閱讀Currently there are some 20 000 chemicals in use,but the sci

3、entists only have detailed information on around 1000 of them.To see the advantages of GM food you have only to consider the recent press revelation that the average lettuce receives eleven pesticide applications before it reaches the supermarket shelf.Im sure chemicals and their roles in disease wi

4、ll become a big issue in the next century as the population of the developed world worries increasingly about its health.The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the worlds predicted population growth to ten or el

5、even billion.Its not just a question of more mouths to feed either.What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space,reducing the overall land available for agriculture.The world has 800 million hungry people.Until now,food supplies have been increased by improved varieties,p

6、esticides and artificial fertilizers:the green revolution.Now were on the edge of a new revolution:a genetic one.It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM foods.Its true that for the next ten years or so GM crops may be too expensive.But the lesson of

7、 personal computers is applicable hereonce the technology has been developed for money-spinning crops,like maize,soybeans and cotton,it will filter down and become affordable for all.This doesnt mean,unfortunately,that famines will disappear,but severity and duration will be helped by an improved ab

8、ility to produce and distribute food.As we move into this new era of agriculture were embarking on an experiment.But remember that the world has seen number of experiments before.We have been refining species of wheat for several thousand years.Genetic engineers like me are not doing anything as dra

9、matic as making a cabbage into a caulifloweras has been done by plant breeders in the past.Were simply tapping into the whole gene pool,rather than concentrating on one species at a time.1.According to the passage,we can see that the author has a/an _attitude towards GM food?A.disappointedB.indiffer

10、entC.hopefulD.uncertain答案：C2.Which of the following statements is wrong?A.Chemicals and their roles in disease will become a big problem in the future. B.In the long term it is the developed world that benefits most from GM foods.C.Its true that for the next ten years or so GM crops may be too expen

11、sive.D.Famines will not completely disappear even though GM food become affordable in the future.答案：B課前導(dǎo)引一、詞匯掃描根據(jù)句意及各題后括號(hào)中所給的漢語意思，從下面的方框中選擇合適的單詞或詞組，用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡ereditaryquestionalternonethelessmodifyresistanceapproveissuebarepeculiar1.The building is part of our national _(遺產(chǎn)).2.I had a _ (奇怪的)feelin

12、g that wed met before.3.The students were_ (問)on the books they had been studying.4.She likes to walk around in_ (赤裸的)feet.5.They are making some _ (改動(dòng))to the house.6.They _ (宣布)a joint statement denying the charges.7.The problems are not serious. _ (不過),we shall need to tackle them soon.8.She despe

13、rately wanted to win her fathers _ (同意).9.The office software has been _ (改進(jìn))over the years.10.Elderly people are not always _ (抵制的)to change.答案：1.heritage2.peculiar3.questioned4.bare5.alternations6.issued7.Nonetheless8.approval9.modified10.resistant二、句型聚焦觀察下列句子，試著歸納其畫線部分所包含的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。1.But it is very li

14、kely that their child will be born with a terrible,inherited illness. _2.It was said that Watson was very ambitious._3.I find it strange that Crick stopped working in genetics._4.It looks as if they will get the prize._5.It worries me that you dont understand what a gene is._6.It was Crick who was t

15、he older of the two scientists._答案：1.It is likely that.(很可能）2.It is/was said that.（據(jù)說）3.find it+adj.+that.4.It looks as if.5.It+verb+that.6.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that.三、語法平臺(tái)翻譯下列句子1.The poor will not be able to afford this operation._2.The Chinese have produced some great scientists._3.Now we are able to change crops in a way we have never done before.This is called genetic engineering._4.Its interesting that Watson was so young when he made the discovery._5.Crick was much more older than Watson._6.Did they do much research into the subject?_7.Until now,Ive never understood what G