牽引絞車設(shè)計資料

1、編號無錫太湖學院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）相關(guān)資料題目： 牽引絞車設(shè)計 信機 系 機械工程及自動化專業(yè) 學 號： 0923065學生姓名： 邵亞霜 指導(dǎo)教師： 高漢華 （職稱：副教授 ） （職稱： ）2013年5月25日目 錄一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）開題報告二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文三、學生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計劃、進度、檢查及落實表”四、實習鑒定表無錫太湖學院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）開題報告題目： 牽引絞車設(shè)計 信機 系 機械工程及自動化 專業(yè)學 號： 0923065 學生姓名： 邵亞霜 指導(dǎo)教師： 高漢華（職稱：副教授） （職稱： ） 2012年11月14日課題來源生產(chǎn)生活實際科學依據(jù)（包括課題的科學

2、意義；國內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢；應(yīng)用前景等）（1）課題科學意義由于調(diào)度絞車體積小重量輕，搬運方便，牽引力大，使用靈活，性能可靠性高，在煤礦得到了廣泛使用。同時隨著大中型礦井的增多，煤炭產(chǎn)量的提高和大型綜采設(shè)備的使用，要求礦用小絞車在工作能力、工作效率、節(jié)能、使用壽命方面得到應(yīng)有的改進，盡快克服目前調(diào)度絞車牽引力小，并要求具有“一機多用”的功能，以簡化礦用小絞車設(shè)備的生產(chǎn)、管理及維護，減少投資費用。調(diào)度絞車多年來國內(nèi)一直具有較高的需求量, 平均每年需求各種不同規(guī)格的絞車數(shù)萬臺, 因此, 改進質(zhì)量降低成本、研制一種具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、剛性好、傳動效率高、安裝移動方便、啟動平穩(wěn)、操作靈活、制動可靠、

3、故障率低、噪音低的調(diào)度絞車具有重要意義。（2）調(diào)度絞車的研究狀況及其發(fā)展前景1. 品種：國外礦用小絞車規(guī)格比較多，適用不同場合，我國礦用小絞車的規(guī)格少，品種型號多而亂，也較繁雜，沒有統(tǒng)一標準1。2 .型式：從工作機構(gòu)上分，國外有單筒、雙筒及摩擦式三種，我國只有單筒一種型式。從原動力上分，國外有電動的、風動的及液壓驅(qū)動，我國只有電動的和少量風動的1。3. 結(jié)構(gòu)：我國及國外的調(diào)度絞車大多數(shù)采用行星齒輪傳動，其傳動系統(tǒng)、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、使用維修方便。但行星齒輪傳動只有在載荷分配均勻情況下才能充分發(fā)揮傳動比大、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、效率高、承載能力大、傳動平穩(wěn)等優(yōu)點。在行星齒輪傳動設(shè)計中均載機構(gòu)是必不可少的。均載機構(gòu)能

4、補償不可避免的制造誤差,使各行星齒輪均勻分擔載荷,功率均勻分流,降低載荷不均勻系數(shù),從而提高承載能力。降低噪聲,提高平穩(wěn)性和可靠性,降低齒輪的制造精度。蘇聯(lián)的產(chǎn)品體積比我國同等規(guī)格的產(chǎn)品要小。例如蘇聯(lián)規(guī)定，國家標準規(guī)定的調(diào)度絞車的軸向尺寸不大于lm，而我國現(xiàn)有的牽引力1000N以上的產(chǎn)品軸向尺寸均遠遠大于1m以上1。4 .產(chǎn)品性能：主要壽命、噪音、可靠性等綜合指標與蘇聯(lián)有差距。蘇聯(lián)礦用小絞車使用壽命規(guī)定在5年以上，我國目前不具備測試手段壽命無法考核，但從對用戶的訪問中得知，壽命達不到5年，噪音也稍大1。5. 三化水平：雖然我國礦用小絞車參數(shù)系列水平優(yōu)于國外，但在標準化和通用化方面遠不如發(fā)達采煤

5、機械制造國。蘇聯(lián)把調(diào)度絞車運輸絞車等統(tǒng)一為一個標準中，主機相同。只是制造和操作部分有所區(qū)別，而我國既使是同一規(guī)格產(chǎn)品，不同廠家生產(chǎn)的其結(jié)構(gòu)各不相同，零件無通用之處，給使用和選型造成不便1。 研究內(nèi)容此設(shè)計進行了調(diào)度絞車的方案設(shè)計，并進行了比較分析，對其結(jié)構(gòu)和主要部件經(jīng)行了設(shè)計及強度校核。并對絞車的控制電路進行了設(shè)計。擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、實驗方案及可行性分析 1、零件的分析，其中包括零件的功用分析和零件的工藝分析。 2、零件工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計，其中包括確定毛坯的制造形式、定位基準的選擇、擬定零件加工的工藝路線、機械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的確定、確定切削用量及基本工時。3、實驗完全以數(shù)據(jù)為

6、依據(jù)進行的實驗分析，行之有效，對于整套設(shè)計有完整的設(shè)計思路，具體的設(shè)計計算完全可以通過查表或者公式書籍可以獲得，完全有可行性。研究計劃及預(yù)期成果研究計劃：2012年11月12日-2012年12月25日：按照任務(wù)書要求查閱論文相關(guān)參考資料，填寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計開題報告書。2013年1月11日-2013年3月5日：填寫畢業(yè)實習報告。2013年3月8日-2013年3月14日：按照要求修改畢業(yè)設(shè)計開題報告。2013年3月15日-2013年3月21日：學習并翻譯一篇與畢業(yè)設(shè)計相關(guān)的英文材料。2013年3月22日-2013年4月11日：零件工藝，主要部件的參數(shù)計算及裝配圖草圖。2013年4月12日-2013年4月

7、25日：裝配圖，零件圖繪制。2013年4月26日-2013年5月21日：畢業(yè)論文撰寫和修改工作。預(yù)期成果：1通過該設(shè)計熟悉零件加工工藝設(shè)計的一般思路。2掌握一般零件加工工藝設(shè)計的方法和技巧。3通過設(shè)計鞏固機械制圖、金屬材料、機械設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)、機械制造工藝等課程的知識。4完成絞車零件工藝設(shè)計、主要部件的參數(shù)計算及標準件的選用。5完成卷筒零件圖1張。6完成絞車零件圖5張。7完成絞車總裝圖2張。8撰寫畢業(yè)說明書一份。特色或創(chuàng)新之處 使用AUTOCAD，繪圖方便快捷，方便改變參量，能夠直接觀察成形的箱體。 可以采用三維造型軟件或加工仿真軟件將其進行三維造型并進行相應(yīng)的加工仿真。已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題

8、 實驗方案思路已經(jīng)非常明確，已經(jīng)具備機械制圖、機械原理、機械設(shè)計、金屬材料等方面的知識。 將所學理論知識相結(jié)合和融會貫通的能力尚需加強，和對實際問題的分析能力有待提高。指導(dǎo)教師意見 指導(dǎo)教師簽名：年 月 日教研室（學科組、研究所）意見教研室主任簽名： 年 月 日系意見 主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名： 年 月 日Abstract First、 Scheduling and the structural characteristics of winch scheduling winch is used to dispatch vehicles to assist traction and operating a

9、winch. Commonly used in the mine tunnel in the haulage and supporting mine car handling、 can also be used in the mining face、 with scheduling space station、 heavy cars. Scheduling winch is full-gear transmission machinery. Gear also known as the round of the transmission system. According round of t

10、he transmission gear when the axis of space in the relative position is fixed、 can be divided into fixed and working capital of the axis round of the round. Another round of the axis of cylindrical mesh gear transmission and the cylindrical mesh gear transmission of points、 and turnover of another r

11、ound of transmission and differential planetary transmission of the points. Scheduling the winch within the existing transmission gear meshing cylindrical Gear、 another planetary transmission、 scheduling winch planetary transmission gear、 also known as the winch. Scheduling winch models commonly use

12、d mainly JD-0.4 (JD-4.5)、 JD-1 (JD) -11.4)、 JD-1. (JD-22)、 JD-2 (JD-25)、 JD-3 (JD - 40). Below the JD-3 (that is、 JD-40) as an example of scheduling winch on the composition and scheduling transmission principle. (A) JD-3-scheduling of the winch JD-3-scheduling the main component of the winch drum f

13、or、 brakes and motor frame. From the winch drum made of cast steel、 its main function is winding rope traction load. Drum、 and the slowdown in gear with the gear. Winch on the two groups with a total installed-gate that is Brake 2、the gateway 3. Motor side of the gate 2 to brake drum brakes、 the gea

14、r in the work of three gates used to control Z7 group functioning. Use made of cast iron frame、 the motor bearings and gates with stent-positioning are fixed with bolts in the plane seat. For Flameproof for the thee-phase motor .(B) JD-3-Dispatch winch the drive principle this type of winch used two

15、 Internal Drives and a planetary gear transmission. Z1/Z2 and Z3/Z4 for two Internal Drive、 Z5、 Z6、 Z7 composition of planetary transmission mechanism. Motor head in the installation of a 5-axis extended sets of gear Z1、 through the gears Z2、 with gear Z3 and Z4、 the movement spread to gear Z5、 the

16、Z5 is the planetary gear wheel of a central round (or round of the Sun) And then led the two planetary gear Z6、 and the gear Z7. Planetary gear freely installed in the two driven and connected to a fixed axis、 the largest in the gear Z7 Gear work with the external gateway、 used to control winch drum

17、 operation. If the big gear Z7 gate on the work of three gates to live、 and will be on the brake drum gates 2 release、 this time by two motor rotation within the rodents to gear wheel drive Z5、 Z6 and Z7. However、 due to Z7 gate has been living and can not rotate、 so gear Z6 only on the one hand aro

18、und its own axis of rotation、 but also around the axis of gear Z5 (drum center) to the public. Thus connected with the rotation of the lead、 then Z6 the operation mode very similar to the planets in the solar system (such as Earth) movement、 also known as the planetary gear Z6、 its transmission mode

19、 known as the planetary transmission. Conversely、 if the gear Z7 in the work release gate 3、 and will brake drum on the live gate 2、 the Z6 directly connected with the drum、 only for the rotation、 not revolution、 the Z1 from the transmission system changed to Z7 For the fixed axis of the round、 gear

20、 Z7 to go short. Inverted for the release (or live gate) gate work Brake 2 or 3、 you can make scheduling winch in the case of non-stop motor to achieve operating and parking. When the need to reverse upgrade、 must be re-activated the launch button、 reverse the motor running. It should be noted that、

21、 when the motor is turned on、 the gate and not allowed to work Brake live gate at the same time、 it will burn motor or other accidents. Second、 scheduling winch day-to-day maintenance check the contents of (1) check each part of bolts、 pin、 nuts、 washers、 etc.、 if loose、 loss should be tightened and

22、 timely complement. (2) to check installations and electrical signal Operation button is intact and whether stolen explosive phenomenon、 whether the signal sent clear and bright、 it should be repaired or replaced. (3) to check whether damaged or broken drum、 the first wire rope is firmly fixed、 bear

23、ing oil spill there、 the rope is neatly arranged、 the problems should be promptly dealt with. (4) inspection gate with a crack-free、 wear-gauge whether or not (should have a thickness of not less than 3 mm)、 the tension bar bolts、 fork first、 the gate、 such as whether there is a pin deformation or i

24、njury、 whether the loose nuts back tight、 Problems should be adjusted and dealt with. (5) Check the gate and lever action is a flexible system、 Shi gate、 the ate may not reach the level position、 it should be slightly Sangria than the horizontal position. (6) to check the roof fixed winch-and-beam i

25、s solid、 based on whether there is a bolt or bolts loose、 whether crack base、 the issue should be dealt with promptly. (7) To check whether the normal start motor idling、 whether good grounding to start with、 and so whether the explosion-proof electrical equipment and good demand. (8) Check bearings

26、 and motors、 switches、 cables、 such as whether the gate with the temperature too high、 the problem should be found to identify the reasons for、 to take measures to deal with. (9) Often wipe winch to remove dust and debris、 and maintain the environment clean and tidy. Winch the safe operation、 inspec

27、tion and maintenance Third、 winch common faults and deal with (A) a winch drum abnormal sound and the main approach 1. Winch drum produce abnormal sound the main reason (1) drum cartridge case bolts loose. (2) Shell and tube-round (flange) gap between too large. (3) Drum cylinder shell cracks. (4) W

28、elding a cylinder shell welding. (5) Walks drum and hub of the fixed screw loose、 causing swimming drum and hub between the relative sliding. (6) Gap between the hub and spindle wear too large. (7) A clutch worm screw loose. 2. Approach According to the inspection to determine treatment. If the loos

29、ening of the nut、 in Jiao Ban shutdown when fastening If noise is not serious、 may be appropriate to reduce winch load、 pay attention to observe、 to maintain the provisions of the maintenance shutdown at the repair if the beep serious、 they should immediately Parking repaired or replaced、 so as to a

30、void accidents expand. (B) On the rope winch drum with Bu Shangri hazards、 causes and treatment methods、 1. Winch drum on the rope with the harm Bu Shangri (1) speed up the rope wear. Rope in the mess on the winding drum、 traction force to justice often ranked in the mess in the rope and pressure to

31、 get out、 causing serious wear、 resulting in diameter steel wire rope and wire break more ground and shorten the life of the rope. (2) Of wire rope slid off the drum. Rope with Bu Shangri、 an inevitable phenomenon of a crowded heap for damage to justice board、 when the reactor crowded the edge of mo

32、re than high rollers、 the rope easily slid off the drum、 light、 broken wires、 heavy sports car、 and broken rope. 2. Winch drum on the main rope with Bu Shangri (1) winch layout properly that is hoisting cable angle non-compliance requirements. (2) Winch Titanium (Preliminary round) Quemoy not with t

33、he rope on the winding drum at about sliding. (3) Ranked rope winch device failure or have been removed. (4) Improper operation the wound is not tight. 3. Approach According to different situations symptomatic treatment. The installation of quality and exclusive rope devices such as the failure to t

34、imely report on the request sent treatment、 operation or maintenance of an improper、 we should conscientiously in accordance with the provisions of meticulous operation and maintenance; Inclined Drift winch paying particular attention to removing obstacles on their way to prevent the re-delegate Of

35、Mandrel、 tight-rope Mandrel. (C) Winch reducer operation abnormal sound and vibration generated in the causes and treatment 1. Reducer functioning of abnormal sound and vibration generated in the main (1) gears meshing space tight or too loose. (2) Bearing gap is too large、 the general performance o

36、f the decentralization empty at the beep、 beep when upgrading heavy small. (3) Or bearing reducer bolts loose. (4) Reducer in the swap was foreign bodies. 2. Approach (1) adjusting the gears meshing gap to a suitable position、 if the wear and gear should be replaced. (2) Relaxation of the repair or

37、replacement of bearings. (3) Pay attention to tighten loose screws. (4) If it has fallen into foreign body reducer、 should be immediately suspended、 and troubleshooting. (D) Winch brake gate of the reasons for and treatment of fever 1. Brake winch for fever (1) a gate too early、 too excessive. (2) W

38、eights are often delegated to use Brake、 no electrical power winch braking system EC、 single-drum winch often such a situation. (3) Brake shoe loose bolts or excessive brake wear、 the bolt hit the first round of gate (or gateway disc). (4) Brake shoe and the gateway round (or gateway disk) was not i

39、nstalled correctly; the contact area is too small. (5) Gate Ferry (or gateway disc) swing more. 2. Prevention and treatment Constantly sum up experience in operations、 and explore methods of operation and improve the level of technique; strict winch the safe operation、 inspection and maintenance of

40、traction control grid load、 no-load、 do not send delegate at the motor-vehicle gate flying; regular maintenance checks、 pay attention to brake shoe and the gateway Round (or gate-) exposure. (5) Disc Brake-meters does not deal with the causes and prevention methods 1. Brake-song disc is not the main

41、 meters (1) brake operation handle screw drawbars length adjustment inappropriate. (2) Brake operation handle swing point of view inappropriate. (3) Relief valve plug the hole cut expenditure or slide valve failure death card. (4) Relief valve surge devices or electro-hydraulic oil spills. (5) elect

42、ro-hydraulic device moves lap surge Inch Xian welding is not strong or disconnected. 2. Prevention approaches the timely adjustment of brake operation handle moves location、 regular cleansing of the hydraulic system of oil filters、 hydraulic oil to maintain the cleanliness and avoid valve plug the h

43、ole. (6) The launch button、 do not turn the winch motor and Treatment 1. Main (1) A power failure、 such as power failures、 break phase、 motor or grounding line、 grounding the protection of power supply voltage or too low. (2) Stop button did not recover bit. (3) Have launched internal fault. (4) Cab

44、le operator disconnected. (5) Motor burned. 2. Approach To check power、 such as the local power supply cables on the other electrical and mechanical equipment are a fixed、 it would surely is the power blackout、 should be promptly reported that the request transmission. Check the button、 we must swit

45、ch handle hit by power outage location、 check the button may be open、 not to repair its damaged in the explosion-proof performance. Several other conditions must be full-time electrician to check processing. (7) The stop button、 the motor does not stop the causes and treatment 1. Main(1) Operating b

46、utton failures or too wet. (2) Operation of short circuit or grounding. (3) Magnetic starter for the main contact point or burning auxiliary contact adhesive and can not leave. (4) arc-suppression hood stuck contact、 could not leave. (5) Contact between the open relays. (6) Magnetic starter placed u

47、nrighteousness、 touch or backward dumping beyond 15 .2. Approach Should urgently Fishing magnetic starter、 to winch their magnetic starter handle the operation to stop fighting position. Pre-gate method should be used first to raise load stopped to prevent Lash starter when the magnetic switch in is

48、olation have too great a power outage sparks. (8) Single-phase operation of the motor causes and treatment 1Winch motor single-phase operation of the characteristics and hazards (1) Whether positive start、 or reverse start、 the electrical occurred dull hum、 but the motor will not always turn. (2) If

49、 a motor running in single-phase operation、 while still maintaining the original motor to spin、 but obviously slow down the speed、 a humming sound、 the electrical start fever、 if the winch with Ammeter、 some point to zero、 Some larger current value. Whether or activated in motor running single-phase

50、 operation、 if not timely detection and shutdown、 it may be burning motor for the accident. 2. Single-phase operation of a motor for (1) Lack of power (of a fault). This is because of a broken fuse or a disconnection of contacts and a phase-connection is bad、 and so causes. (2) Motor stator windings

51、 of a break. Stator windings at this time because of the different connection mode、 the impact of differentiated、 that is、 stars (丫) of wiring than 1.30 () of wiring serious. 3. Approach Rapid shut down to identify reasons for the timely reporting or maintenance electrician for processing.JT調(diào)度絞車調(diào)度絞車

52、及其結(jié)構(gòu)特點調(diào)度絞車是常用來調(diào)度車輛及進行輔助牽引作業(yè)的一種絞車。常用于礦井巷道中拖運礦車及輔助搬運，也可用在采掘工作面、裝車站調(diào)度空、重載礦車。 調(diào)度絞車是一種全齒傳動機械。齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)又稱輪系。根據(jù)輪系傳動時各齒輪軸線在空間的相對位置是否固定，可分為定軸輪系和周轉(zhuǎn)輪系。定軸輪系又有外嚙合圓柱齒輪傳動和內(nèi)嚙合圓柱齒輪傳動之分，而周轉(zhuǎn)輪系又有差動傳動和行星傳動之分。調(diào)度絞車的傳動齒輪既有內(nèi)嚙合圓柱齒輪傳動，又有行星傳動，所以調(diào)度絞車又稱內(nèi)齒輪行星傳動絞車。 調(diào)度絞車常用型號主要有JD0.4(JD4.5)、JD1（JD）11.4）、JD1.（JD22）、JD2（JD25）、JD3（JD40）等。

53、 下面以JD3（即JD40）型調(diào)度絞車為例介紹調(diào)度絞車的組成及傳動原理。 （一）JD3型調(diào)度絞車的組成 JD3型調(diào)度絞車的主要組成部分為滾筒、制動裝置機座和電動機。絞車滾筒由鑄鋼制成，其主要功能是纏繞鋼絲繩牽引負荷。滾筒內(nèi)和大內(nèi)齒輪下裝有減速齒輪。 絞車上共裝有兩組帶式閘，即制動閘2，工作閘3。電動機一側(cè)的制動閘2用來制動滾筒，大內(nèi)齒輪上的工作閘3用于控制Z7組運轉(zhuǎn)。 機座用鑄鐵制成，電動機軸承支架及閘帶定位板等均用螺栓固定在機座上。電動機為專用隔爆三相籠型電動機。 （二）JD3型調(diào)度絞車的傳動原理 該型絞車采用兩級內(nèi)嚙合傳動和一級行星輪傳動。Z1/Z2和Z3/Z4為兩級內(nèi)嚙合傳動，Z5、Z6

54、、Z7組成行星傳動機構(gòu)。 在電動機5軸頭上安裝著加長套的齒輪Z1，通過內(nèi)齒輪Z2、齒輪Z3和內(nèi)齒輪Z4，把運動傳到齒輪Z5上，齒輪Z5是行星輪系的中央輪（或稱太陽輪），再帶動兩個行星齒輪Z6和大內(nèi)齒輪Z7。行星齒輪自由地裝在2根與帶動固定連接的軸上，大內(nèi)齒輪Z7齒圈外部裝有工作閘，用于控制絞車滾筒運轉(zhuǎn)。 若將大內(nèi)齒輪Z7上的工作閘3閘住，而將滾筒上的制動閘2松開，此時電動機轉(zhuǎn)動由兩級內(nèi)嚙輪傳動到齒輪Z5、Z6和Z7。但由于Z7已被閘住，不能轉(zhuǎn)動，所以齒輪Z6只能一方面繞自己的軸線自轉(zhuǎn)，同時還要繞齒輪Z5的軸線（滾筒中心線）公轉(zhuǎn)。從而帶動與其相連的帶動轉(zhuǎn)動，此時Z6的運行方式很類似太陽系中的行星（如地球）的運動方式，齒輪Z6又稱行星齒輪，其傳動方式稱為行星傳動。 反之，若將大內(nèi)齒輪Z7上的工作閘3松開，而將滾筒上的制動閘2閘住，因Z6與滾筒直接相連，只作自轉(zhuǎn)，沒有公轉(zhuǎn)，從Z1到Z7的傳動系統(tǒng)變?yōu)槎ㄝS輪系，齒輪Z7做空轉(zhuǎn)。倒替松開（或閘?。┕ぷ鏖l3或制動閘2，即可使調(diào)度絞車在不停電動機的