句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句子種類

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句子種類Teaching aims:1.初步了解句子成分和句子種類，為正確使用句子打好基礎(chǔ)； 2.學(xué)會(huì)劃分句子成分，為學(xué)習(xí)各種從句打好基礎(chǔ)； 3. 激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣與潛能。Important points：簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本類型Teaching method：以舊帶新；英漢對(duì)照；由淺入深Teaching aids : A learning guideTeaching procedures:Step One : Revision : Revise some words and phrases.Step Two：Revision：revise different p

2、arts of speech in English sentences.Step Three: Presentation:漢語(yǔ)的句子成分有：_ _ _ _英語(yǔ)的句子成分有：_ _ _ _ _ _ _主語(yǔ) subjective ( s) 是指“什么人或什么事”由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、句子來(lái)充當(dāng)。謂語(yǔ)verb (v) 是指主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，即“做”“干”,由動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)；賓語(yǔ) objective (O)：指主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作涉及到的對(duì)象，即干了“什么”，可以擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的成分同主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) attributive (a) 用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞，說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的特點(diǎn)。能作定語(yǔ)的主要有形容詞、分詞、不定式和從句。

3、狀語(yǔ)adverbial (ad) 用來(lái)限制謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，說(shuō)名動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式、條件、程度等等，常用副詞或從句來(lái)完成。補(bǔ)語(yǔ) compliments(c): 與主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)是指同一個(gè)人或同一件事，由名詞充當(dāng)，主要有主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、標(biāo)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)predictive (p)：跟在系動(dòng)詞后，指主語(yǔ)是個(gè)什么樣的人或處于什么狀態(tài)，由名詞或形容詞充當(dāng)。Step four : Types of sentences:讓學(xué)生列舉都見過(guò)哪些類型的句子，老師歸納總結(jié)： 1. 全部的英語(yǔ)句子一共分為三大類：_, _, _ 2. 簡(jiǎn)單句的定義：就是由_主語(yǔ)（或并列主語(yǔ)），_個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（或并

4、列謂語(yǔ)），_個(gè)賓語(yǔ)（或并列賓語(yǔ)），構(gòu)成的句子，叫簡(jiǎn)單句。Eg: I teach English here. He likes foxes. 3. 簡(jiǎn)單句根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)也就是句子成分，可以分為: _種基本類型。 S + V He smiles. S + V + O I kill two flies. S + V + P He is a doctor. S + V + IO + DO He gives me a book. S + V + O + C His failure makes his mother sad.根據(jù)五種基本句型，加上修飾詞，改變一下時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)可以構(gòu)成無(wú)數(shù)句子。Step Six

5、: Exercise I 說(shuō)出下列句子屬于那種結(jié)構(gòu)的句子 1) He sat there. He is eating an apple. He looks very young.Mother made me a cake last night.We made him our monitor.2)He is crying over there.She ate a big pig. Her voice sounds sweet. I gave him some useful advice. We consider Obama a dog. You are looking at the blackb

6、oard now. He studied very hard last week.注意：含雙賓語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，直接賓語(yǔ)在前，間接賓語(yǔ)在后，間接賓語(yǔ)前應(yīng)該加上一個(gè)介詞_ 或_. 如: He gave me a book. = He gave a book to me. Father bought me a computer.= Father bought a computer for me.系動(dòng)詞的種類：be : am ,is, are , was , were起來(lái)：look , sound, smell, feel , taste變化: become, turn, get , go , 保持：ke

7、ep , remain, stay4.簡(jiǎn)單句根據(jù)功能（作用）劃分可以劃分為：_種。陳述句: 用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，He is a boy. She is clever.疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句：能用yes 和no 來(lái)回答的句子， Are you a student ?特殊疑問(wèn)句：由特殊疑問(wèn)詞 what, when, who 等引導(dǎo)的句子。 What do you do ? I am a teacher.祈使句：用來(lái)表示命令或請(qǐng)求的句子，構(gòu)成： V（原形）+ 其他 Eg: Sit down. Come to the blackboard. Look at the blackboard.祈使句實(shí)際上是一類省

8、略了主語(yǔ)的特殊的陳述句。感嘆句：表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈感情的句子： What aan + adj. + n + s + V ! = How adj.adv. + aan + n. + S + V ! What a big head he has ! = How big a head he has !Step Seven: Summary(總結(jié))：所有的句子共分為三大類：簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句簡(jiǎn)單句按結(jié)構(gòu)分：_ _ _ _ _五種基本句型。按功能分：_ _ _.并列句復(fù)合句練習(xí)：劃分句子成分1.My brother hasn't done his homework.2. People all over

9、 the world speak English.3. How many new words did you learn last class?4. Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?5.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.6. What is your given name?7. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.8.The man downstairs was

10、trying to sleep.9. I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!10. She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.11.He asked her to take the boy out of school.12. She found it difficult to do the work.13. They call me Lily sometimes.14. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.15. The

11、re was a big smile on her face.16. Every night he heard the noise upstairs.17. He began to learn English when he was eleven.18. The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.19. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.20. She loves the library because she loves books.21. I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.22. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.23.You will tell your friend that youve got to school.24. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window.25. Another t