過去分詞用法-ppt備課講稿

1、過去分詞用法-ppt謂謂 語語*“Have + “Have + 過去分詞過去分詞” ” 完成時(shí)完成時(shí)/ /非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)非謂語動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí) 我已經(jīng)看過這個(gè)電影了 I have seen this film already. 你看見我的包了么？ Have you seen my bag?“be + “be + 過去分詞過去分詞” ” 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)/ /非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng) 孩子們被照顧得很好 The children were well looked after表表 語語 主語+謂語+賓語 主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語實(shí)意動(dòng)詞實(shí)意動(dòng)詞（半）系動(dòng)詞半）系動(dòng)詞表表 語語1. V-ed 放在系動(dòng)詞（

2、be, get, feel, seem, look, become)之后做表語，表示性質(zhì)，特征，狀態(tài)。 主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于adj.我的心碎了。My heart is broken.玻璃被Jack打碎了The glass was broken by Jack.門仍然鎖著。The door remained locked.表表 語語Be+V-ed 表狀態(tài) V-ed相當(dāng)于adj.The shop is closed now.The window is broken.The town is surrounded by hills.V-ed 表動(dòng)作（被動(dòng)語態(tài)） It was broken

3、by TimIt usually closed at 8 pm.It will be completed next spring.2. 表語表語 vs. 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)表表 語語3. 當(dāng)人做主語時(shí)，用V-ed做表語，表主語的思想感情。當(dāng)我們聽到這個(gè)故事的時(shí)候， 我們被深深的感動(dòng)了。 When we heard of the story, we were deeply moved. 表表 語語4. 某些V-ed并非過去分詞，而是由n. 變化而來的adj. 為此我自感羞愧 I am ashamed of myself for it.作為一個(gè)藝術(shù)家，她很有天賦。 As an artist, she is

4、quite gifted.定語定語 不及物不及物 V-ed V-ed 作定語，表作定語，表動(dòng)作已完成動(dòng)作已完成。 被動(dòng)落葉 fallen leaves 退休的老師 A retired teacher升起的太陽 risen sun 及物及物V-ed V-ed 作定語，表作定語，表被被動(dòng)動(dòng)或或已完成的被動(dòng)已完成的被動(dòng)。一位受尊敬的客人 an honored guest一個(gè)分裂的國(guó)家 a divided country. .定語定語2. V-ed 作定語，一般在被修飾詞之前。 The broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible. 但也有個(gè)別

5、V-ed 習(xí)慣后置。 There is little time left. I want to change the material used.定語定語3. 被修飾詞是由 不定代詞Every/ some/ any/no + thing/ body 所構(gòu)成的，V-ed后置。例：有人受傷嗎？Is anybody injured?定語定語4. V-ed 短語做（后置）定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句He is reading a novel written by Lu Xun.He is reading a novel (which was) written by Lu Xun.V-ed 短語做非限制性定語，

6、相當(dāng)于非限制性定語從句The books, written by Lu Xun， are popular with many Chinese people.The books, which was written by Lu Xun， are popular with many Chinese people定語定語5. V-ed作定語時(shí)三種時(shí)態(tài) The building built last year is very beautiful. The building big built will be completed next month. The building to be built

7、will be a hospital. (已發(fā)生）（正在發(fā)生）（將來時(shí)）狀語狀語1. V-ed作狀語，表被動(dòng)或完成的動(dòng)作。 Written in a hurry, the article was not so good! 不及物V-ed不表被動(dòng)，只表完成。 fallen leaves 有些V-ed來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語不表被動(dòng)而表主動(dòng):Lost, seat, hidden, stationed, born, Lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired ofeg: Lost in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. Born

8、in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.狀語狀語2. V-ed 作狀語，其邏輯主語 = 主句主語時(shí)， 應(yīng)注意人稱一致。 _ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge. _ from the hills, the city looks beautiful.BelievingSeen狀語狀語2. V-ed 作狀語，前面再加邏輯主語，主句的主語不再是分局句邏輯主語，這種帶主語的過去分詞叫做_ The signal given, the bus sta

9、rted. _有時(shí)也用 “with/without + n.+分詞” 表示伴隨狀況。 例：他們安靜地坐在那里，眼睛盯著湖面。 They sat there silently, with their eyes fixed on the lake. The thief was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)狀語狀語3. V-ed 做時(shí)間、原因、條件，讓步或伴隨狀語，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語從句。時(shí)間：Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. _

10、 , the city looks beautiful.條件：Given another chance, he will do better. _ , he will do better.原因：_, Tom didnt know what to do. Because he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know 讓步：_, I wont take part in the party. Even if I am invited, I wont take part in the party.伴隨：The scientist entered i

11、nto the lab,_. The scientist entered into the lab, with his assistant followed him.When it is seen from the hillIf he is given another chance Surprised at what happenedEven if invitedfollowed by his assistant狀語狀語4. 狀語從句改過去分詞作狀語，有時(shí)保留連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞+過去分詞” While，when，once，until，if，thougheg: When given a media

12、l examination, you should keep calm.狀語狀語 5. 過去分詞可以放到主句前，做句首狀語，后面用逗號(hào)隔開； 也可以放到主句后面，前面用逗號(hào)隔開。 They sat there silently, with their eyes fixed on the lake. With their eyes fixed on the lake, they sat there silently.賓語補(bǔ)足語（賓補(bǔ)）賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語 vs. 雙賓語雙賓語 He bought a dog from the pet clinic, and named it Jayson. I

13、shall give you a dog. 賓語補(bǔ)足語：用來說明賓語，與賓語形成主謂關(guān)系。形式：“主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”He bought a dog from the pet clinic, and named it Jayson. We call her sister Li 雙賓語：有些及物動(dòng)詞可以接兩個(gè)賓語,即指人的間接賓語和指物的直接賓語, 形式：“主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語”I shall give you a dog.My parents bought me a computer.賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語 vs. 雙賓語雙賓語It is Jayson.She is sister

14、Li賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語1. 表感覺，心理狀態(tài)感官動(dòng)詞（see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, observe, think, find）+ V-ed 作賓補(bǔ)，表被動(dòng)。例：我剛剛看到一個(gè)老人被車撞倒了。I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.* See sb./ sth. done 賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語2. 表“使讓”使役動(dòng)詞（let, make, get, keep, leave, have) + V-ed, 表使讓。It was so cold that the driv

15、er couldnt get the car started. The news really made me disappointed. * Make sb./sth. do Make sb./sth. done賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語 Have/get + 賓語+ 過去分詞（賓補(bǔ)）主動(dòng)請(qǐng)別人做某事他想去剪頭發(fā)He wants to have his hair cut.主語遭遇某種情況他在打籃球的時(shí)候傷到了胳膊。He had/got his arm injured while playing basketball.普通被動(dòng)含義 “使得 被”我們要在春節(jié)前把墻刷完。We are going to

16、have/get the wall painted before Spring Festival.賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語 3. 表“希望”、“要求”、“命令” 等 如 like, want, wish, order例：我可不想我的女兒天黑以后被帶出去I dont want my daughter to be taken out after dark.* Want to do sth. Want sb./ sth. done (被動(dòng)）賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語 (to) V./ V-ing/ V-ed 作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別I saw him take away the book just now.I saw him taking away the book on the desk.I saw the book taken away by a child.I saw you blamed.主動(dòng)（結(jié)果）主動(dòng)（結(jié)果）正在（過程）正在（過程）被動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)練練 習(xí)習(xí)All the people would like to see the l