中考人教版二輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案專(zhuān)題3—冠詞

1、中考人教版二輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案專(zhuān)題3一冠詞精講必備考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一不定冠詞考點(diǎn)二定冠詞考點(diǎn)三零冠詞的用法考點(diǎn)四詞組中有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別冠詞是放在名詞前起修飾限定作用的虛詞，可以分為不定冠詞（a,an）和定冠詞（the）兩類(lèi)?？键c(diǎn)一不定冠詞不定冠詞的用法用法例句用于第一次提到的人或事物前。Long,longago,therewasamountain.很久以前，這里有一座山。泛指人或事物的某一類(lèi)別，以區(qū)別于其他的種類(lèi)。Myuncleisanactor.我叔叔名演員。泛指同類(lèi)中的任何一個(gè)，意為“某一”，含后/、確定的意思。Ateacherislookingforyououtside.外向有一位老師正在找你。表示單位量

2、詞，含有“每一”的意思。Takethemedicinethreetimesaday.這藥每天吃二次。附于杲些固定短語(yǔ)中。Ifyouaretired,pleasesitdownandhavearest.如果你累了，就坐卜來(lái)休息一下。用于某些不可數(shù)名詞前表示數(shù)量“一次；一陣；一份；一類(lèi)”。Therewasaheavysnowinourcitylastnight.昨晚我們這里卜大雪了。用于可視升-體的兩個(gè)名詞前。There'sacupandsauceronthetable.桌子上有一個(gè)茶杯和一個(gè)茶托。注意:1 .不定冠詞a與an的區(qū)別以元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前用an;以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前用a。如果

3、名詞之前有修飾語(yǔ)，用a還是an要根據(jù)修飾語(yǔ)的第一個(gè)音素來(lái)定。有些單詞如useful,university,European等雖然是以元音字母開(kāi)頭，但卻是以輔音因素開(kāi)頭，所以需要冠詞修飾時(shí)用a;有些單詞如hour,honest等雖然是以輔音字母開(kāi)頭，卻是以元音因素開(kāi)頭，所以需要冠詞修飾時(shí)用an。以元音因素開(kāi)頭的字母：a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x。2 .不定冠詞的位置當(dāng)名詞被such,half,what,many修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞放在這些詞之后。Heleftinsuchahurrythatheforgottoclosethedoor.他離開(kāi)得如此匆忙以至于忘了關(guān)門(mén)。Ittookme

4、halfanhourtowritetheletter.寫(xiě)那封信花了我半個(gè)小時(shí)。Whataninterestingbookitis!這是多么有趣的一本書(shū)??！Manyamanhasgonetothebigcitiesforwork.許多人至U大城市打工去了。當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞前有so,how,too等詞時(shí)，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞后。Shewassoniceagirlthatshetooktheblindmantothestation.她是這么好的一個(gè)女孩，她把那位盲人帶到了車(chē)站。當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞前有quite,rather或very時(shí)，不定冠詞放在quite或rather之后，very之前。quite

5、agoodbook一本相當(dāng)好的書(shū)ratherausefultool一種相當(dāng)有用的工具averyinterestingstory個(gè)非常有趣的故事【典例精析】1. Doyouknowaspaceshipfliesataboutnineteenkilometerssecond?A.theB.aC./D.an2. 一MyfamilyandIwillgotoChangshathissummerholiday.-Havegoodtime.A.aB.anC.the3. 一DoyouknowRobert?Yes,heisuniversitystudent.Helikessportsandrunsforhour

6、everymorning.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a考點(diǎn)二定冠詞定冠詞的用法用法例句雙方都知道的人或事物。Lucyisintheroom.露四在那個(gè)房間里。特指某人或某物。Canyouseethebirdinthetree?你能看見(jiàn)樹(shù)上的鳥(niǎo)嗎？表小上文已經(jīng)提到過(guò)的人或事物。Abagisonthedesk.Thebagismine.椅子上有一個(gè)書(shū)包，那個(gè)書(shū)包是我的。表示世界上獨(dú)f二的事物。Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太陽(yáng)比月亮大。用在一些固定短語(yǔ)中。Bytheway,where'sthepostoffice?順便問(wèn)一下，郵局在哪里？與姓氏的復(fù)

7、數(shù)連用，表示“一家人”或“夫婦倆”。TheSmithsaregoingforatripnextweek.史密斯一家準(zhǔn)備下周去旅行。用在表示方位和樂(lè)器的名詞前。ontheleft在左辿playthepiano彈鋼琴用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)前。Tomisthetallestboyintheclass.湯姆是班里最高的男孩。用在某些國(guó)家、江河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠等名詞前。TheUSAisinNorthAmerica.美國(guó)在美洲的北部。與某些形容詞連用，表示一類(lèi)人。Therichshouldhelpthepoor.富人應(yīng)該幫幫窮人?！镜淅觥?. It'sjustashortdista

8、ncefromheretorestaurant.A.aB.anC.theD.不填2. 一Doyouknowgirlingreen?Sheisourmonitor.A.aB.anC.theD.不填3. ThereisAmericanboyinourclassandboycanspeakgoodChinese.A.an;theB.an;anC.a;anD.a;the4. Thereisnolivingthingonmoon.（2012福州）A.theB.aC./5. Tony,what'smatterwithyou?-Ihavetoothache.A.a;theB.the;aC./;the

9、D.the;/6. 一Doyouplaypianoinyourfreetime?No,Ilikesports.Ioftenplaysoccerwithmyfriends.A./;theB.the;/C.the;theD.a;a7. GreatWallislongestwallintheworld.A.The;theB.A;aC.The;a考點(diǎn)三零冠詞的用法零冠詞的用法用法例句表示公園、街道、車(chē)站、學(xué)校等的專(zhuān)有名詞前/、用冠詞。FifthAvenueisverybusy.第五大街一片繁忙。不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)，其前不用冠詞。Mancan'tlivewithoutwater.人類(lèi)離

10、小開(kāi)水。表示學(xué)科名稱、三餐、球類(lèi)或棋牌類(lèi)的名詞前/、用冠詞。Whatdoyouhavefordinner?你晚飯吃的什么？節(jié)日、日期、星期、月份、季節(jié)等前不用冠詞。Springcomesafterwinter.冬天過(guò)后就是春天。表示職業(yè)、身份、頭銜等的名詞前不用冠詞。WashingtonwasmadePresidentoftheUSA.華盛頓被選為美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。由“專(zhuān)有名詞+普通名詞”構(gòu)成的街名、路名、山名等名詞前/、用冠詞。NanjingRoad南京路HainanIsland海南島與by連用的交通工具名詞前不用冠詞。bycar乘小汽車(chē)bybike騎自行車(chē)“kindof+名詞"或&quo

11、t;sortof+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞前不用冠詞。Whatkindofflowerisit?這是什么花？Ilikethissortofbook.我售歡這種書(shū)。在某些固定短語(yǔ)中不用冠詞。Don'ttalkinclass.上課的時(shí)候不要說(shuō)話?！镜淅觥?.一HaveyouheardofHouYifan,femaleworldchesschampion?Yes,sheisfromTaizhou.We'reproudofher.A. a;/B.the;theC.a;theD.the;/B.2. Ithinkit'sreallyhardworkformetofinishthejo

12、bintwentyminutes.A.aB.anC.theD./3. Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?-Apieceofbreadandegg.A.a;anB./;theC.a;theD./;an4. Let'splaysoccer.-Idon'thavesoccerball.A./;aB.the;aC.a;theD./;the5. ThethirdSundayofJuneisFather'sday.It'sspecialdayforchildrentoshowtheirlovetotheirfather.A.a;theB.th

13、e;aC./;a6. Itisagoodhabittogotobedearlyandgetupearly.A.aB.anC.theD./7. 一IsMr.FrancoHollandhonestandcapableman?-Yes.AndthatiswhyhewaschosenpresidentofFrance.A.aB.an;/C.the;theD.a;/考點(diǎn)四詞組中有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別后同詞無(wú)冠詞attheschool在上學(xué)atschool在學(xué)校atthetable在桌子旁邊attable在吃飯bythesea在海邊bysea乘船gototheschool到學(xué)校去（不一te是學(xué)生）gotoscho

14、ol去上學(xué)（是學(xué)生）gotothebed向床走去，走到床前（不一定是去睡覺(jué)）gotobed就寢，上床睡覺(jué)inthebed（某物）在床上inbed（躺、睡）在床上intheclass在班級(jí)里inclass在上課inthehospital在醫(yī)阮里（不是病人）inhospital因病住院inthefuture各來(lái)infuture今后inthefrontof在內(nèi)部的前回infrontof在外部的前回thenextyear第二年nextyear明年ontheearth在地球上onearth究竟taketheplace(of)代替takeplace發(fā)生onthehorseback在馬背上onhorseba

15、ck騎著馬thetwoofus我們兩人（共計(jì)兩人）twoofus我們當(dāng)中的兩人outofthequestion不可能，不允許outofquestion星無(wú)疑問(wèn)atthedesk在書(shū)杲為atdesk在讀書(shū)或做作業(yè)attheschool在學(xué)校（指教職，等）atschool在校上學(xué)（指學(xué)生）atthesea在海邊atsea在航海中bytheday按日，論日（計(jì)算）byday在白天outoftheoffice離開(kāi)辦公室outofoffice離職outoftheprison（因事）從監(jiān)獄出來(lái)outofprison（因犯罪）出獄【針對(duì)練習(xí)】考點(diǎn)一：不定冠詞【經(jīng)典習(xí)題】()1.DoyouknowDavid?

16、Yes.Heisuniversitystudent.Helikessportsandrunsforhoureverymorning.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a()2.-HaveyoueverseenthefilmPaddington?Yes.It'ssointerestingthatIwanttoseeitsecondtime.A.theB.aC./D.an()3.It'sasunnydaytoday.Let'sgoforwalk,shallwe?A.aB.anC.theD./【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】不定冠詞a和an用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示首次提及或者泛指。a

17、用于輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前，an用于元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前。不定冠詞可用來(lái)表示某一類(lèi)人或事物，也可用來(lái)表示某一類(lèi)人或事物中的某一個(gè)。不定冠詞表示數(shù)量“一”，但數(shù)的概念不如one強(qiáng)烈。不定冠詞可置于序數(shù)詞前，表示數(shù)量或序數(shù)的增加。在某些固定搭配中用不定冠詞，如：talkawalk,haveacold等?？键c(diǎn)二：定冠詞【經(jīng)典習(xí)題】()1.ManypeoplethinkGuoJingmingisoneofgreatestwritersinChina.A.aB.anC.theD./()2.Mylittlebrotherplayspianowellandhewantstobeapianistwhenhegr

18、owsup.A.aB.anC.theD./()3.woundedweretakentohospitalatonce.A.AB.TheC./D.An【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】定冠詞the的常見(jiàn)用法：用于表示第二次提到或談話雙方都知道的人或事。用于有定語(yǔ)從句或of短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)修飾的名詞前。用于世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物名稱前。 用于某些形容詞前表示一類(lèi)人。 用于序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)前。 用于姓或名的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示某一家人、某夫婦或同名的某幾個(gè)人所組成的小群體。 用于西洋樂(lè)器名詞前。 用于某些固定詞組?？键c(diǎn)三：零冠詞【經(jīng)典習(xí)題】()1.Shejusthadacupofmilkforbreakfast.A.aB.anC.t

19、heD./()2.-Jim,shallwegoandplayfootballinthepark?-Idon'tthinkthat'sagoodidea.A.aB.theC./D.an()3.Minniehadbadcold.Shehadtostayinbed.A.a;aB.a;theC./;theD.a;/【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】零冠詞的常見(jiàn)用法： 專(zhuān)有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞等前使用零冠詞。 星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日(中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日除外)等名詞前用零冠詞。 學(xué)科、一日三餐、語(yǔ)言、球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)和棋類(lèi)游戲等名詞前用零冠詞。當(dāng)表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的頭銜、職位或身份的名詞用作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，名詞前用零冠詞

20、。 某些固定詞組中要用零冠詞。一、英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)試卷1.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。Fewstudentslikehomework,butitisanimportantpartofmiddleschoollifeintheUK.TheUKhastheserulesforhomework:Grades7and8(ages11to13):45to90minutesperday;Grade9(ages14to15):1to2hoursaday.Today,manyhomeworktasksaredoneonacomputer.Forexample,prepari

21、ngreports,usingtheInternetordoingonlinetasks.Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours.Inthisway,studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities(設(shè)備).Sometimes,studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks.Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis(分析).Buthoweverbigataskis

22、,teachersalwaysgivefeedback反饋)tohelpstudentsfindtheareaswheretheycanimprove.Someschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries.TheyadviseparentstocheckontheirChildren'sprogress.Sadly,noteveryparenttakesmuchinterest.Inasurveyof1,000studentsaged11to18,over10percentsaidthattheydidnothavespaceathometodohome

23、work.Almost15percentsaidtheirfamiliesdidnotsupportthemenough.(1)IntheUK,whichoneofthefollowingshouldn'tdohomeworkformorethan90minutes?A. Astudentof12.B.Agirlof14.C.Aboyof15.Ifastudentdoesn'thaveacomputerortheInternet,howcanhefinishhisonlinehomework?A.Hedoesn'thavetofinishit.B. Hecanaskhi

24、steacherforhelp.C. Hecanfinishitatschool.(3) Theunderlinedword"extended"inParagraph4probablymeans.A.擴(kuò)展的Bl別的則難的(4) Whydosomeschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries?A. Toadvisestudentstodotheirhomeworkintime.B. Toadviseparentstolearnmoreabouttheirchildren'sprogress.C. Toadviseparentstohel

25、ptheirchildrenwiththeirhomework.(5)Whichpartisthepassageprobablyfrominanewspaper?A.Education.B.Sports.C.Amusement.【答案】(1)AC(3) A(4) B(5) A【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了英國(guó)學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)情況。不同年齡段的學(xué)生家庭作業(yè)時(shí)間不同?，F(xiàn)在大部分的學(xué)生都通過(guò)電腦完成作業(yè)。學(xué)生們還需要做一些擴(kuò)展作業(yè)。學(xué)校也希望家長(zhǎng)配合來(lái)更好的幫助學(xué)生完成家庭作業(yè)。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grade9(ages14to15):1to2hoursaday?？芍?4到15歲的學(xué)生需要做

26、1到2小時(shí)的作業(yè)。根據(jù)Grades7and8(ages11to13):45to90minutesperday可知，12歲的學(xué)生只需要做45到90分鐘。故選Ao(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours。Inthisway,studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities因此，學(xué)校通常在正常時(shí)間前后開(kāi)放，這樣，沒(méi)有電腦或家里的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的學(xué)生就可以使用學(xué)校的設(shè)施。可知，沒(méi)有電腦的學(xué)生可以在學(xué)校完成在線作業(yè)。故選Q(3)詞義猜測(cè)

27、題。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，Sometimes,studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks。根據(jù)Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis(分析).可知此處表示有時(shí)候，學(xué)生們會(huì)做一些擴(kuò)展的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。故選A。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theyadviseparentstocheckontheirchildren'sprogress?？芍?，學(xué)校讓孩子們帶家庭日記回家，是為了讓家長(zhǎng)了解一下孩子們的進(jìn)展。故選B。(5)推理判斷題。通讀全文TheUKhastheserulesforhomework英國(guó)有這些家庭作業(yè)規(guī)則，可知本文主要講解

28、英國(guó)的學(xué)生的作業(yè)情況。所以，本文應(yīng)該出自報(bào)紙的教育部分。故選Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。此題涉及到細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞意猜測(cè)和推理判斷等題型。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題，可直接從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問(wèn)題答案。對(duì)于詞意猜測(cè)題，要根據(jù)上下文的聯(lián)系，進(jìn)行推理，確定詞在文章中的意思，對(duì)于推理判斷題，要根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)及作者的觀點(diǎn)和對(duì)文章的認(rèn)知進(jìn)行推測(cè)判斷，找出正確答案。2.閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。BlueLightninggo-kartSallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoen

29、terfortheGo-GoRace.Sosheaskedherdadforhelp."Well,"hesaid."Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearchfirstandthencomebacktomewithadesign."Aweeklater,SallybroughthernotesanddrawingstoDad.Shenamedhergo-kart"BlueLightning".Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking."Well,that'sinteresting,

30、"hesaid."Haveatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou'vedesigned."Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggo-kartandpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.Aftershedidthat,SallydrovebacktoDad."Well,"shesaid."NowIknowwhyyouwan

31、tedmetohaveatestdrive."Oh,doyou?"hesaid."Pleaseshare.""WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback,"shesaid."Ithinkit'sbecauseofthelightningbolt(閃電)shape.""Verygood!"Dadsaid."So,whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplace?"Sallyaske

32、d.Dadlaughed."Where'sthefuninthat?Ifyougiveamanafish,he'lleatforaday.Butifyouteachamantofish,he'lleatforalifetime."Sallysaid,"Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun!"Dadsmiled."Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodosomethingrightbydoingitafewtim

33、esfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway."ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgo-kart,henoddedwithpride.Finallycametherace.Sallywasn'tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwininhermind,shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.11) Sallythoughtofbuildingago-kartto.

34、A.practicedrivingB.enterforaraceC.playwithfriendsD.dosomeresearch(2) WhatdidSally'sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthego-kart?A.Tohaveatestdrive.B.Totakeagoodrest.C.Togiveitacoolname.D.Topaintitlightblue.33)Sally'sstorymainlytellsusthat.A.winningaraceisimportantB.fishingbringsusalotoffunC.drivinge

35、xperienceisnecessaryD.learninghappensduringtheprocess【答案】(1)BA(3) D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要講述在過(guò)程中學(xué)習(xí)，我們通過(guò)做某事數(shù)次，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，最后學(xué)會(huì)怎樣正確地做某事。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.可知她想造卡丁車(chē)參加比賽，故選Bo(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.造好卡丁車(chē)后，爸爸叫她進(jìn)行測(cè)試駕，故選A。(3)主旨題。文章主要講述我們通過(guò)做某事數(shù)次，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)

36、錯(cuò)誤，最后學(xué)會(huì)怎樣正確地做某事，在過(guò)程中學(xué)習(xí)，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題要從文中尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容理解選擇正確答案。BEveryoneworries.Buthowdoyoudealwithyourworries?Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesethreestepstodealwithyourworries:Trytofindoutwhatyou'reworriedabout.Sometimes,youwillknowwhatyou'

37、;reworriedabout.Othertimes,youmightnot.Trytofinditoutfirst.Ifyoucan't,youcanaskforhelp.ThinkofwaystomakeitbetterThereisalwayssomethingyoucandotohelpyoufeellessworried.Sittingthereworryingisnofunanditwon'tsolveyourproblem.Gradesatschoolareoftenatopworryforkids.Ifyou'reworriedaboutgrades,a

38、skyourselfthesequestions:Whyaregradesimportant?Whatdogradesmeantome?HowdoIgetreadyforclass?DoIgoover(復(fù)習(xí))mynotesevenwhenthereisn'tatest?DoIhaveagoodplacetodomyhomework?HaveItrieddifferentwaysofstudying?AskforhelpWhenyou'reworried,itcanhelptofindsomeonetotalkto.Youcanaskyourparents,friends,ort

39、eachersforhelp.(1) Howmanystepsofdealingwithyourworriesarementioned(提及)inthepassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Seven(2) Whenyoudon'tknowwhatyou'reworriedabout,.A.youshouldtrytofinditoutB.youcan'taskforhelpC.youdon'tneedtothinkofwaysD.youcansitthereworrying(3) Ifyou'reworriedaboutgrades,

40、youcanaskyourselfthesequestionsexcept"".A.Whyaregradesimportant?B.Whatdogradesmeantome?C.HowdoIgetreadyforclass?D.Whydon'tmyfriendslikeme?【答案】(1)BA(3)D【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要講述了如何應(yīng)對(duì)煩惱的三種方法，一是找出自己擔(dān)心的問(wèn)題，二是想辦法讓情況變得更好，三是請(qǐng)求幫助。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesethreestepstodealwit

41、hyourworries:描述，可知本題主要提到了三步應(yīng)對(duì)煩惱的方法。故選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Trytofinditoutfirst;ifyoucan't,youcan'摧askforhelp你不知道自己的煩惱是什么時(shí)，不要去請(qǐng)求幫助。故選Ao細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中列出的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題,可知不包括選項(xiàng)D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解考查對(duì)篇章的把握和對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的識(shí)別能力，答題時(shí)注意緊扣問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中尋找答案。4.閱讀理解Myfamilyhashadagreatinfluenceonme.WhenIwasakid,Ilearnthowtoworkfrommyfamily.Mymumwouldn

42、everletmegetawaywhentherewassomethingtobedone.Ilearnttheimportanceofeducation.Myparentswouldgiveme50dollarsifIgotAsinschool.Theytaughtmehowtouseandsavemoney.Mymumtaughtmehowtocook,howtoclean,andbasicallyeverythingIneededtoknowtoliveonmyown.Mydadtaughtmehowtogarden,howtodohomeimprovement,howtotreatwo

43、menandgirlswithrespect,andhowtoputotherpeople'sneedsabovemyown.Mybrothersandsisterstaughtmehowtomakeadecisioninconflict(矛盾).I'm22now,andI'llgetmarriednextyear.Ilearnthingsfrommyparents'marriagebyexamples.Forexample,I'veneverseenmyparentsreallyfight.Theyhaddisagreements,buttheywer

44、ealwaysincontrolandneverletangergetthebestofthem.Ithinkthat'sgreat,andI'mgoingtoworktowardsthatinmymarriage.Ihaveagreatfamily.I'mgratefulthatmyparentschosetomakeitagreatfamily.(1) Whotaughtthewritertodosomehousework?A.Themother.B.Thefather.C.Thesisters.D.Thebrothers.(2) Whenwillthewriter

45、haveanewfamily?A. Attheageof22.B.Attheageof24.C.Attheageof23.D.Attheageof21.(3)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thewriter'sfamilyinfluencethewriteralot.B. Thewriterlearnstosavemoney.C. Thewriterisagirlinthefamily.D. Thewriter'sparentsneverfightwitheachother.(4) Howwillthewriter'snewfamilyb

46、eaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwillbealargefamily.B.Itwillbeagreatfamily.C.Thefamilymemberswillbedifferent.D.Thefamilymemberswillnevergetangry.【答案】(1)AC(3) C(4) B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了作者的家庭對(duì)作者有很大的影響。(1) 推理題。根據(jù)Mymumtaughtmehowtocook,howtoclean,andbasicallyeverythingIneededtoknowtoliveonmyown.我媽媽教我如何做飯，如何打掃衛(wèi)生，以及基本

47、上我需要知道的獨(dú)立生活所需的一切可知，作者的媽媽教他做家務(wù)故選Ao(2)推理題。根據(jù)I'm22now,andI'llgetmarriednextyear可知，作者23歲時(shí)會(huì)有一個(gè)新家庭，故選Co(3)推理題。根據(jù)Mydadtaughtmehowtogarden,howtodohomeimprovement,howtotreatwomenandgirlswithrespect,我爸爸教我如何園藝，如何改善家庭，如何尊重婦女和女孩可知作者是男孩，作者是家里的一個(gè)女孩是錯(cuò)的，故選Co(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Ihaveagreatfamily.I'mgratefulthatmypar

48、entschosetomakeitagreatfamily.我有一個(gè)大家庭。我很感激我的父母選擇讓它成為一個(gè)偉大的家庭可知，作者的新家庭會(huì)是一個(gè)偉大的家庭故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。5.閱讀理解GraceMurraywasbornonDecember9,1906inNewYorkCity.In1928shefinishedhereducationinVassarCollegeinMathsandPhysics.Since1931,shehadbeenteachingatVassarandcontinu

49、edherstudyatYaleUniversity,wheresheachievedalotinMathsin1934.In1930,GraceMurraymarriedVincentFosterHopper.Theywerehappytogetherfor15years.ShetaughtatVassarCollegeuntil1943,whenshejoinedtheUnitedStatesNavy(海軍)tohelphercountryduringWorldWarn.ThenshewasgivenajobattheBureauofShipsComputationProjectatHar

50、vardUniversity,wheresheworkedontheMarkseriesofcomputers.In1945,shebegantodoresearchinApplied(應(yīng)用)PhysicsatHarvard'sComputationLaboratory.In1949shejoinedtheEckert-MauchlyComputerCorporationandworkedwithpeopleworkinginit.Yearslater,shereturnedtotheNavy.Sheretiredin1971butcontinuedteachingforthecomputerdevelopment.BrewsterAcademy,aschoolinWolfeboro,NewHampshire,theUnitedStates,gaveitsc