中考人教版二輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案專題3—冠詞

1、中考人教版二輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案專題3一冠詞精講必備考點考點一不定冠詞考點二定冠詞考點三零冠詞的用法考點四詞組中有無冠詞的區(qū)別冠詞是放在名詞前起修飾限定作用的虛詞，可以分為不定冠詞（a,an）和定冠詞（the）兩類。考點一不定冠詞不定冠詞的用法用法例句用于第一次提到的人或事物前。Long,longago,therewasamountain.很久以前，這里有一座山。泛指人或事物的某一類別，以區(qū)別于其他的種類。Myuncleisanactor.我叔叔名演員。泛指同類中的任何一個，意為“某一”，含后/、確定的意思。Ateacherislookingforyououtside.外向有一位老師正在找你。表示單位量

2、詞，含有“每一”的意思。Takethemedicinethreetimesaday.這藥每天吃二次。附于杲些固定短語中。Ifyouaretired,pleasesitdownandhavearest.如果你累了，就坐卜來休息一下。用于某些不可數(shù)名詞前表示數(shù)量“一次；一陣；一份；一類”。Therewasaheavysnowinourcitylastnight.昨晚我們這里卜大雪了。用于可視升-體的兩個名詞前。There'sacupandsauceronthetable.桌子上有一個茶杯和一個茶托。注意:1 .不定冠詞a與an的區(qū)別以元音音素開頭的詞前用an;以輔音音素開頭的詞前用a。如果

3、名詞之前有修飾語，用a還是an要根據(jù)修飾語的第一個音素來定。有些單詞如useful,university,European等雖然是以元音字母開頭，但卻是以輔音因素開頭，所以需要冠詞修飾時用a;有些單詞如hour,honest等雖然是以輔音字母開頭，卻是以元音因素開頭，所以需要冠詞修飾時用an。以元音因素開頭的字母：a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x。2 .不定冠詞的位置當(dāng)名詞被such,half,what,many修飾時，不定冠詞放在這些詞之后。Heleftinsuchahurrythatheforgottoclosethedoor.他離開得如此匆忙以至于忘了關(guān)門。Ittookme

4、halfanhourtowritetheletter.寫那封信花了我半個小時。Whataninterestingbookitis!這是多么有趣的一本書?。anyamanhasgonetothebigcitiesforwork.許多人至U大城市打工去了。當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞前有so,how,too等詞時，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞后。Shewassoniceagirlthatshetooktheblindmantothestation.她是這么好的一個女孩，她把那位盲人帶到了車站。當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞前有quite,rather或very時，不定冠詞放在quite或rather之后，very之前。quite

5、agoodbook一本相當(dāng)好的書ratherausefultool一種相當(dāng)有用的工具averyinterestingstory個非常有趣的故事【典例精析】1. Doyouknowaspaceshipfliesataboutnineteenkilometerssecond?A.theB.aC./D.an2. 一MyfamilyandIwillgotoChangshathissummerholiday.-Havegoodtime.A.aB.anC.the3. 一DoyouknowRobert?Yes,heisuniversitystudent.Helikessportsandrunsforhour

6、everymorning.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a考點二定冠詞定冠詞的用法用法例句雙方都知道的人或事物。Lucyisintheroom.露四在那個房間里。特指某人或某物。Canyouseethebirdinthetree?你能看見樹上的鳥嗎？表小上文已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物。Abagisonthedesk.Thebagismine.椅子上有一個書包，那個書包是我的。表示世界上獨f二的事物。Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太陽比月亮大。用在一些固定短語中。Bytheway,where'sthepostoffice?順便問一下，郵局在哪里？與姓氏的復(fù)

7、數(shù)連用，表示“一家人”或“夫婦倆”。TheSmithsaregoingforatripnextweek.史密斯一家準(zhǔn)備下周去旅行。用在表示方位和樂器的名詞前。ontheleft在左辿playthepiano彈鋼琴用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級前。Tomisthetallestboyintheclass.湯姆是班里最高的男孩。用在某些國家、江河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠等名詞前。TheUSAisinNorthAmerica.美國在美洲的北部。與某些形容詞連用，表示一類人。Therichshouldhelpthepoor.富人應(yīng)該幫幫窮人?！镜淅觥?. It'sjustashortdista

8、ncefromheretorestaurant.A.aB.anC.theD.不填2. 一Doyouknowgirlingreen?Sheisourmonitor.A.aB.anC.theD.不填3. ThereisAmericanboyinourclassandboycanspeakgoodChinese.A.an;theB.an;anC.a;anD.a;the4. Thereisnolivingthingonmoon.（2012福州）A.theB.aC./5. Tony,what'smatterwithyou?-Ihavetoothache.A.a;theB.the;aC./;the

9、D.the;/6. 一Doyouplaypianoinyourfreetime?No,Ilikesports.Ioftenplaysoccerwithmyfriends.A./;theB.the;/C.the;theD.a;a7. GreatWallislongestwallintheworld.A.The;theB.A;aC.The;a考點三零冠詞的用法零冠詞的用法用法例句表示公園、街道、車站、學(xué)校等的專有名詞前/、用冠詞。FifthAvenueisverybusy.第五大街一片繁忙。不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時，其前不用冠詞。Mancan'tlivewithoutwater.人類離

10、小開水。表示學(xué)科名稱、三餐、球類或棋牌類的名詞前/、用冠詞。Whatdoyouhavefordinner?你晚飯吃的什么？節(jié)日、日期、星期、月份、季節(jié)等前不用冠詞。Springcomesafterwinter.冬天過后就是春天。表示職業(yè)、身份、頭銜等的名詞前不用冠詞。WashingtonwasmadePresidentoftheUSA.華盛頓被選為美國總統(tǒng)。由“專有名詞+普通名詞”構(gòu)成的街名、路名、山名等名詞前/、用冠詞。NanjingRoad南京路HainanIsland海南島與by連用的交通工具名詞前不用冠詞。bycar乘小汽車bybike騎自行車“kindof+名詞"或&quo

11、t;sortof+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞前不用冠詞。Whatkindofflowerisit?這是什么花？Ilikethissortofbook.我售歡這種書。在某些固定短語中不用冠詞。Don'ttalkinclass.上課的時候不要說話?！镜淅觥?.一HaveyouheardofHouYifan,femaleworldchesschampion?Yes,sheisfromTaizhou.We'reproudofher.A. a;/B.the;theC.a;theD.the;/B.2. Ithinkit'sreallyhardworkformetofinishthejo

12、bintwentyminutes.A.aB.anC.theD./3. Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?-Apieceofbreadandegg.A.a;anB./;theC.a;theD./;an4. Let'splaysoccer.-Idon'thavesoccerball.A./;aB.the;aC.a;theD./;the5. ThethirdSundayofJuneisFather'sday.It'sspecialdayforchildrentoshowtheirlovetotheirfather.A.a;theB.th

13、e;aC./;a6. Itisagoodhabittogotobedearlyandgetupearly.A.aB.anC.theD./7. 一IsMr.FrancoHollandhonestandcapableman?-Yes.AndthatiswhyhewaschosenpresidentofFrance.A.aB.an;/C.the;theD.a;/考點四詞組中有無冠詞的區(qū)別后同詞無冠詞attheschool在上學(xué)atschool在學(xué)校atthetable在桌子旁邊attable在吃飯bythesea在海邊bysea乘船gototheschool到學(xué)校去（不一te是學(xué)生）gotoscho

14、ol去上學(xué)（是學(xué)生）gotothebed向床走去，走到床前（不一定是去睡覺）gotobed就寢，上床睡覺inthebed（某物）在床上inbed（躺、睡）在床上intheclass在班級里inclass在上課inthehospital在醫(yī)阮里（不是病人）inhospital因病住院inthefuture各來infuture今后inthefrontof在內(nèi)部的前回infrontof在外部的前回thenextyear第二年nextyear明年ontheearth在地球上onearth究竟taketheplace(of)代替takeplace發(fā)生onthehorseback在馬背上onhorseba

15、ck騎著馬thetwoofus我們兩人（共計兩人）twoofus我們當(dāng)中的兩人outofthequestion不可能，不允許outofquestion星無疑問atthedesk在書杲為atdesk在讀書或做作業(yè)attheschool在學(xué)校（指教職，等）atschool在校上學(xué)（指學(xué)生）atthesea在海邊atsea在航海中bytheday按日，論日（計算）byday在白天outoftheoffice離開辦公室outofoffice離職outoftheprison（因事）從監(jiān)獄出來outofprison（因犯罪）出獄【針對練習(xí)】考點一：不定冠詞【經(jīng)典習(xí)題】()1.DoyouknowDavid?

16、Yes.Heisuniversitystudent.Helikessportsandrunsforhoureverymorning.A.a;aB.a;anC.an;anD.an;a()2.-HaveyoueverseenthefilmPaddington?Yes.It'ssointerestingthatIwanttoseeitsecondtime.A.theB.aC./D.an()3.It'sasunnydaytoday.Let'sgoforwalk,shallwe?A.aB.anC.theD./【考點點撥】不定冠詞a和an用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示首次提及或者泛指。a

17、用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前，an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前。不定冠詞可用來表示某一類人或事物，也可用來表示某一類人或事物中的某一個。不定冠詞表示數(shù)量“一”，但數(shù)的概念不如one強(qiáng)烈。不定冠詞可置于序數(shù)詞前，表示數(shù)量或序數(shù)的增加。在某些固定搭配中用不定冠詞，如：talkawalk,haveacold等?？键c二：定冠詞【經(jīng)典習(xí)題】()1.ManypeoplethinkGuoJingmingisoneofgreatestwritersinChina.A.aB.anC.theD./()2.Mylittlebrotherplayspianowellandhewantstobeapianistwhenhegr

18、owsup.A.aB.anC.theD./()3.woundedweretakentohospitalatonce.A.AB.TheC./D.An【考點點撥】定冠詞the的常見用法：用于表示第二次提到或談話雙方都知道的人或事。用于有定語從句或of短語結(jié)構(gòu)修飾的名詞前。用于世界上獨一無二的事物名稱前。 用于某些形容詞前表示一類人。 用于序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級前。 用于姓或名的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示某一家人、某夫婦或同名的某幾個人所組成的小群體。 用于西洋樂器名詞前。 用于某些固定詞組。考點三：零冠詞【經(jīng)典習(xí)題】()1.Shejusthadacupofmilkforbreakfast.A.aB.anC.t

19、heD./()2.-Jim,shallwegoandplayfootballinthepark?-Idon'tthinkthat'sagoodidea.A.aB.theC./D.an()3.Minniehadbadcold.Shehadtostayinbed.A.a;aB.a;theC./;theD.a;/【考點點撥】零冠詞的常見用法： 專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞等前使用零冠詞。 星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日(中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日除外)等名詞前用零冠詞。 學(xué)科、一日三餐、語言、球類運(yùn)動和棋類游戲等名詞前用零冠詞。當(dāng)表示獨一無二的頭銜、職位或身份的名詞用作表語、補(bǔ)語或同位語時，名詞前用零冠詞

20、。 某些固定詞組中要用零冠詞。一、英語閱讀理解專項練習(xí)試卷1.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳答案。Fewstudentslikehomework,butitisanimportantpartofmiddleschoollifeintheUK.TheUKhastheserulesforhomework:Grades7and8(ages11to13):45to90minutesperday;Grade9(ages14to15):1to2hoursaday.Today,manyhomeworktasksaredoneonacomputer.Forexample,prepari

21、ngreports,usingtheInternetordoingonlinetasks.Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours.Inthisway,studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities(設(shè)備).Sometimes,studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks.Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis(分析).Buthoweverbigataskis

22、,teachersalwaysgivefeedback反饋)tohelpstudentsfindtheareaswheretheycanimprove.Someschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries.TheyadviseparentstocheckontheirChildren'sprogress.Sadly,noteveryparenttakesmuchinterest.Inasurveyof1,000studentsaged11to18,over10percentsaidthattheydidnothavespaceathometodohome

23、work.Almost15percentsaidtheirfamiliesdidnotsupportthemenough.(1)IntheUK,whichoneofthefollowingshouldn'tdohomeworkformorethan90minutes?A. Astudentof12.B.Agirlof14.C.Aboyof15.Ifastudentdoesn'thaveacomputerortheInternet,howcanhefinishhisonlinehomework?A.Hedoesn'thavetofinishit.B. Hecanaskhi

24、steacherforhelp.C. Hecanfinishitatschool.(3) Theunderlinedword"extended"inParagraph4probablymeans.A.擴(kuò)展的Bl別的則難的(4) Whydosomeschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries?A. Toadvisestudentstodotheirhomeworkintime.B. Toadviseparentstolearnmoreabouttheirchildren'sprogress.C. Toadviseparentstohel

25、ptheirchildrenwiththeirhomework.(5)Whichpartisthepassageprobablyfrominanewspaper?A.Education.B.Sports.C.Amusement.【答案】(1)AC(3) A(4) B(5) A【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了英國學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)情況。不同年齡段的學(xué)生家庭作業(yè)時間不同。現(xiàn)在大部分的學(xué)生都通過電腦完成作業(yè)。學(xué)生們還需要做一些擴(kuò)展作業(yè)。學(xué)校也希望家長配合來更好的幫助學(xué)生完成家庭作業(yè)。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grade9(ages14to15):1to2hoursaday。可知，14到15歲的學(xué)生需要做

26、1到2小時的作業(yè)。根據(jù)Grades7and8(ages11to13):45to90minutesperday可知，12歲的學(xué)生只需要做45到90分鐘。故選Ao(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours。Inthisway,studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities因此，學(xué)校通常在正常時間前后開放，這樣，沒有電腦或家里的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的學(xué)生就可以使用學(xué)校的設(shè)施?？芍?，沒有電腦的學(xué)生可以在學(xué)校完成在線作業(yè)。故選Q(3)詞義猜測

27、題。結(jié)合語境，Sometimes,studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks。根據(jù)Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis(分析).可知此處表示有時候，學(xué)生們會做一些擴(kuò)展的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。故選A。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theyadviseparentstocheckontheirchildren'sprogress。可知，學(xué)校讓孩子們帶家庭日記回家，是為了讓家長了解一下孩子們的進(jìn)展。故選B。(5)推理判斷題。通讀全文TheUKhastheserulesforhomework英國有這些家庭作業(yè)規(guī)則，可知本文主要講解

28、英國的學(xué)生的作業(yè)情況。所以，本文應(yīng)該出自報紙的教育部分。故選Ao【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。此題涉及到細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞意猜測和推理判斷等題型。對于細(xì)節(jié)理解題，可直接從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問題答案。對于詞意猜測題，要根據(jù)上下文的聯(lián)系，進(jìn)行推理，確定詞在文章中的意思，對于推理判斷題，要根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)及作者的觀點和對文章的認(rèn)知進(jìn)行推測判斷，找出正確答案。2.閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。BlueLightninggo-kartSallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoen

29、terfortheGo-GoRace.Sosheaskedherdadforhelp."Well,"hesaid."Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearchfirstandthencomebacktomewithadesign."Aweeklater,SallybroughthernotesanddrawingstoDad.Shenamedhergo-kart"BlueLightning".Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking."Well,that'sinteresting,

30、"hesaid."Haveatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou'vedesigned."Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggo-kartandpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.Aftershedidthat,SallydrovebacktoDad."Well,"shesaid."NowIknowwhyyouwan

31、tedmetohaveatestdrive."Oh,doyou?"hesaid."Pleaseshare.""WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback,"shesaid."Ithinkit'sbecauseofthelightningbolt(閃電)shape.""Verygood!"Dadsaid."So,whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplace?"Sallyaske

32、d.Dadlaughed."Where'sthefuninthat?Ifyougiveamanafish,he'lleatforaday.Butifyouteachamantofish,he'lleatforalifetime."Sallysaid,"Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun!"Dadsmiled."Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodosomethingrightbydoingitafewtim

33、esfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway."ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgo-kart,henoddedwithpride.Finallycametherace.Sallywasn'tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwininhermind,shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.11) Sallythoughtofbuildingago-kartto.

34、A.practicedrivingB.enterforaraceC.playwithfriendsD.dosomeresearch(2) WhatdidSally'sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthego-kart?A.Tohaveatestdrive.B.Totakeagoodrest.C.Togiveitacoolname.D.Topaintitlightblue.33)Sally'sstorymainlytellsusthat.A.winningaraceisimportantB.fishingbringsusalotoffunC.drivinge

35、xperienceisnecessaryD.learninghappensduringtheprocess【答案】(1)BA(3) D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要講述在過程中學(xué)習(xí)，我們通過做某事數(shù)次，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，最后學(xué)會怎樣正確地做某事。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Thisspringshethoughtofbuildingago-karttoenterfortheGo-GoRace.可知她想造卡丁車參加比賽，故選Bo(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.造好卡丁車后，爸爸叫她進(jìn)行測試駕，故選A。(3)主旨題。文章主要講述我們通過做某事數(shù)次，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)

36、錯誤，最后學(xué)會怎樣正確地做某事，在過程中學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。【點評】細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題要從文中尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容理解選擇正確答案。BEveryoneworries.Buthowdoyoudealwithyourworries?Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesethreestepstodealwithyourworries:Trytofindoutwhatyou'reworriedabout.Sometimes,youwillknowwhatyou'

37、;reworriedabout.Othertimes,youmightnot.Trytofinditoutfirst.Ifyoucan't,youcanaskforhelp.ThinkofwaystomakeitbetterThereisalwayssomethingyoucandotohelpyoufeellessworried.Sittingthereworryingisnofunanditwon'tsolveyourproblem.Gradesatschoolareoftenatopworryforkids.Ifyou'reworriedaboutgrades,a

38、skyourselfthesequestions:Whyaregradesimportant?Whatdogradesmeantome?HowdoIgetreadyforclass?DoIgoover(復(fù)習(xí))mynotesevenwhenthereisn'tatest?DoIhaveagoodplacetodomyhomework?HaveItrieddifferentwaysofstudying?AskforhelpWhenyou'reworried,itcanhelptofindsomeonetotalkto.Youcanaskyourparents,friends,ort

39、eachersforhelp.(1) Howmanystepsofdealingwithyourworriesarementioned(提及)inthepassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Seven(2) Whenyoudon'tknowwhatyou'reworriedabout,.A.youshouldtrytofinditoutB.youcan'taskforhelpC.youdon'tneedtothinkofwaysD.youcansitthereworrying(3) Ifyou'reworriedaboutgrades,

40、youcanaskyourselfthesequestionsexcept"".A.Whyaregradesimportant?B.Whatdogradesmeantome?C.HowdoIgetreadyforclass?D.Whydon'tmyfriendslikeme?【答案】(1)BA(3)D【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要講述了如何應(yīng)對煩惱的三種方法，一是找出自己擔(dān)心的問題，二是想辦法讓情況變得更好，三是請求幫助。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesethreestepstodealwit

41、hyourworries:描述，可知本題主要提到了三步應(yīng)對煩惱的方法。故選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Trytofinditoutfirst;ifyoucan't,youcan'摧askforhelp你不知道自己的煩惱是什么時，不要去請求幫助。故選Ao細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中列出的幾個問題,可知不包括選項D?！军c評】閱讀理解考查對篇章的把握和對細(xì)節(jié)的識別能力，答題時注意緊扣問題中的關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中尋找答案。4.閱讀理解Myfamilyhashadagreatinfluenceonme.WhenIwasakid,Ilearnthowtoworkfrommyfamily.Mymumwouldn

42、everletmegetawaywhentherewassomethingtobedone.Ilearnttheimportanceofeducation.Myparentswouldgiveme50dollarsifIgotAsinschool.Theytaughtmehowtouseandsavemoney.Mymumtaughtmehowtocook,howtoclean,andbasicallyeverythingIneededtoknowtoliveonmyown.Mydadtaughtmehowtogarden,howtodohomeimprovement,howtotreatwo

43、menandgirlswithrespect,andhowtoputotherpeople'sneedsabovemyown.Mybrothersandsisterstaughtmehowtomakeadecisioninconflict(矛盾).I'm22now,andI'llgetmarriednextyear.Ilearnthingsfrommyparents'marriagebyexamples.Forexample,I'veneverseenmyparentsreallyfight.Theyhaddisagreements,buttheywer

44、ealwaysincontrolandneverletangergetthebestofthem.Ithinkthat'sgreat,andI'mgoingtoworktowardsthatinmymarriage.Ihaveagreatfamily.I'mgratefulthatmyparentschosetomakeitagreatfamily.(1) Whotaughtthewritertodosomehousework?A.Themother.B.Thefather.C.Thesisters.D.Thebrothers.(2) Whenwillthewriter

45、haveanewfamily?A. Attheageof22.B.Attheageof24.C.Attheageof23.D.Attheageof21.(3)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thewriter'sfamilyinfluencethewriteralot.B. Thewriterlearnstosavemoney.C. Thewriterisagirlinthefamily.D. Thewriter'sparentsneverfightwitheachother.(4) Howwillthewriter'snewfamilyb

46、eaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwillbealargefamily.B.Itwillbeagreatfamily.C.Thefamilymemberswillbedifferent.D.Thefamilymemberswillnevergetangry.【答案】(1)AC(3) C(4) B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了作者的家庭對作者有很大的影響。(1) 推理題。根據(jù)Mymumtaughtmehowtocook,howtoclean,andbasicallyeverythingIneededtoknowtoliveonmyown.我媽媽教我如何做飯，如何打掃衛(wèi)生，以及基本

47、上我需要知道的獨立生活所需的一切可知，作者的媽媽教他做家務(wù)故選Ao(2)推理題。根據(jù)I'm22now,andI'llgetmarriednextyear可知，作者23歲時會有一個新家庭，故選Co(3)推理題。根據(jù)Mydadtaughtmehowtogarden,howtodohomeimprovement,howtotreatwomenandgirlswithrespect,我爸爸教我如何園藝，如何改善家庭，如何尊重婦女和女孩可知作者是男孩，作者是家里的一個女孩是錯的，故選Co(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Ihaveagreatfamily.I'mgratefulthatmypar

48、entschosetomakeitagreatfamily.我有一個大家庭。我很感激我的父母選擇讓它成為一個偉大的家庭可知，作者的新家庭會是一個偉大的家庭故選B。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。5.閱讀理解GraceMurraywasbornonDecember9,1906inNewYorkCity.In1928shefinishedhereducationinVassarCollegeinMathsandPhysics.Since1931,shehadbeenteachingatVassarandcontinu

49、edherstudyatYaleUniversity,wheresheachievedalotinMathsin1934.In1930,GraceMurraymarriedVincentFosterHopper.Theywerehappytogetherfor15years.ShetaughtatVassarCollegeuntil1943,whenshejoinedtheUnitedStatesNavy(海軍)tohelphercountryduringWorldWarn.ThenshewasgivenajobattheBureauofShipsComputationProjectatHar

50、vardUniversity,wheresheworkedontheMarkseriesofcomputers.In1945,shebegantodoresearchinApplied(應(yīng)用)PhysicsatHarvard'sComputationLaboratory.In1949shejoinedtheEckert-MauchlyComputerCorporationandworkedwithpeopleworkinginit.Yearslater,shereturnedtotheNavy.Sheretiredin1971butcontinuedteachingforthecomputerdevelopment.BrewsterAcademy,aschoolinWolfeboro,NewHampshire,theUnitedStates,gaveitsc