全國(guó)2012年4月自學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況試題

1、 本資料由安徽自考網(wǎng)收集整理，更多自考資料請(qǐng)登錄下載全國(guó)2012年4月自學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況試題課程代碼：00522I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or

2、answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)1. About a hundred years ago, Britain ruled an empire that had colonies in _.A. Europe, Africa and AsiaB. Australia, Africa and EuropeC. Asia, Africa and

3、North AmericaD. Europe, Africa and North America2. The _ tribes are ancestors of the highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh.A. DanishB. CelticC. Anglo-SaxonD. Viking3. Which of the following statements about Roman Britain is true?A. The Romans remained in control of Britain for over 500 years.B. Th

4、e Romans never treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class.C. During the four centuries, Romans and Britons had a lot of intermarriages.D. The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.4. Under _, the feudal system in England was completely established.A. Edward

5、IB. Henry IIC. King AlfredD. William the Conqueror5. _ was, above all, responsible for the religious reform of the Church in the 16th century.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward IVD. Edward VI6. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was Elizabeth Is _.A. sisterB. daughterC. cousinD. half-sister7. The English

6、Renaissance was largely _.A. literaryB. politicalC. religiousD. philosophical8. Loosely speaking, _ opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists.A. the WhigsB. the ToriesC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons9. Which of the following statements abou

7、t World War II is true?A. Britain lost about 250,000 lives during the war.B. Britain became a powerful empire after the war.C. Britain only devoted part of its entire strength to the war.D. Britain suffered far more military casualties in World War II than in World War I.10. The Industrial Revolutio

8、n refers to the _ and the consequent changes in social and economic organizations in Britain in the 18th and 19th centuries.A. urbanization of Britain B. reformation of the ChurchC. mechanization of industry D. mechanization of agriculture11. The oldest institution of government in the U.K. is _, wh

9、ich goes back to at least the 9th century.A. the Monarchy B. the ParliamentC. the Privy Council D. the Metropolitan Police12. The maximum duration of a Parliament in the U.K. is _.A. two years B. four yearsC. five years D. six years13. The husband of Queen Elizabeth II is _.A. Prince Andrew B. Princ

10、e PhilipC. Prince Charles D. Prince William14. The Lords Temporal in Britains House of Lords consists of all the following EXCEPT _.A. life peersB. hereditary peersC. Lords of appeal of “l(fā)aw lords”D. the Archbishops of Canterbury and York15. The House of Commons in the U.K. had its first woman speak

11、er in _.A. 1990 B. 1991C. 1992 D. 199316. In England and Wales, lay magistrates (“justice of the peace” or JPs) are appointed by _.A. the Monarch B. the ParliamentC. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor17. The _ is the largest single employer of labor in the U.K.A. British Airways B. British Pe

12、troleumC. National Health Service D. British Telecommunications18. _ was founded in 1969, and began its first course in 1970.A. Glasgow University B. Aberdeen UniversityC. The Open University D. St Andrews University19._ is the most typical English sport in England.A. Golf B. CricketC. TennisD. Foot

13、ball20. _ is a contemporary British musical composer.A. David Hare B. Tom StoppardC. Harold Pinter D. Lloyd Webber21. The United States of America, with a population of 255.5 million in 1992, was the _ most populous country in the world.A. second B. thirdC. fourth D. fifth22. Statistically _ have be

14、en the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.A. Arizona, Nevada and FloridaB. California, Nevada and FloridaC. Arizona, New Jersey and NevadaD. Arizona, New Mexico and Florida23. The war at _ in Northern New York proved to be a great turning point of the War of Independence.A. L

15、exington B. ConcordC. Yorktown D. Saratoga24. The Federalist Papers written under the name of Publius were co-authored by _.A. Alexander Hamilton, John Locke and John Jay .B. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John JayC. Andrew Jackson, James Madison and Thomas JeffersonD. Alexander Hamilton, Jam

16、es Madison and Thomas Jefferson25. The American expansionist movement produced a theory called _.A. New Frontier B. New DarwinismC. Manifest Destiny D. Roosevelt Corollary26. Which of the following statements is NOT considered the valid reason for the disappearance of black slavery in the American N

17、orth in the early 1800s?A. The price of slaves was too high.B. Slavery was simply illegal in the North.C. The Africans could not stand cold winters in the North.D. As the North turned toward industry, mechanics and not farmhands were needed.27. In the political area, the Progressive Movement demande

18、d _.A. the banning of child laborB. improve living conditionsC. industrial accident insuranceD. reforming the city and state governments28. The 19th Amendment of voting right for women was adopted during the _ Administration.A. J.F.Kennedys B. Woodrow WilsonsC. Franklin Roosevelts D. Theodore Roosev

19、elts 29. As a result of the Great Depression, many people lost their land and other properties because of _.A. bankruptcy B. foreclosureC. speculation D. profiteering30. The aim of measures in the New Deal, as President Roosevelt put it, was to _.A. “save American democracy”B. “regulate and reform t

20、he banking system”C. “strengthen government intervention in business”D. “raise the role of labor in the relations of production”31. The first summit between the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain during World War II was held in _ in November 1943.A. Yalta B. CairoC. Tehran D. Potsdam32. The

21、 open declaration of the containment policy was made by U.S. President _ on March 12, 1949.A, Hoover B. TrumanC. Roosevelt D. Eisenhower33. Since 1945 the United States entered a 25-year economic boom, and the cornerstones were the _.A. automobile, housing and shipping B. farming, housing and defens

22、e industriesC. automobile, housing and defense industriesD. automobile, shipping and defense industries34. _ turned out to be the longest war the United States ever fought (1950-1975) as a result of its policy of containment of Communism.A. The Civil War B. The Korean WarC. The Vietnam War D. World

23、War II35. Which statement about the Watergate Scandal is NOT true?A. After the scandal American disillusions grew.B. Nixon was the second president to resign in U.S. history.C. Nixon finally handed over the complete tapes, which would condemn him.D. By the early 1980s far fewer Americans still clung

24、 to the belief that their system was the most powerful.36. The U.S. President can veto any bill passed by Congress unless overridden by _ vote in each house.A. one-third B. two-thirdsC. two-fifths D. three-fourths37. When a bill emerges from the Senate and the House, it is usually referred to a _ co

25、mposed of equal number of members from each house to resolve the differences.A. revenue committee B. standing committeeC. permanent committee D. conference committee38. The fourth party period began with _ and lasted till the _ with the Democratic Party dominant.A. Jimmy Carter, 1990s B. Herbert Hoo

26、ver, 1920sC. Franklin Roosevelt, 1980s D. Theodore Roosevelt, 1900s39. Which statement about American education is NOT true?A. Elementary and secondary education is free and noncompulsory.B. There are more public elementary and secondary schools than private ones.C. Public schools are financially su

27、pported and governed by states or communities.D. Public and private schools refer to the way in which these institutions are funded and controlled.40. In his masterpiece Leaves of Grass, _ praised the ideas of equality and democracy and celebrated the dignity and the self-reliant spirit of the commo

28、n man.A- T. S. Eliot B. Mark TwainC. Walt Whitman D. Emily Dickson41. Ireland kept out of World War II _.A. to declare itself a republicB. to make a new constitutionC. to vote itself out of the CommonwealthD. to demonstrate its continued displeasure with the British42. The most popular religious bel

29、ief in Ireland is _.A. Methodism B. ChristianityC. Catholicism D. Protestantism43. In Canada, it is difficult to do farming in Atlantic provinces because _.A. the region is too hillyB. dairying is more popular than farming C. the weather is too extreme in those provincesD. the growing season is shor

30、t and the soil is poor44. The Inuit and Indians in northern Canada _.A. have stopped huntingB. have moved from tents to houses in townsC. have experienced much change in their life stylesD. have totally got used to the non-native Canadian way of life45. As a result of World War II, Canada _.A. estab

31、lished the Canadian NavyB. experienced a rapid growth in its territoryC. increased the control over its foreign relationsD. found its place among the nations of the world46. Established in 1788, _ is the oldest state of Australia.A. Victoria B. QueenslandC. South Australia D. New South Wales47. Adel

32、aide, the capital of South Australia, is world famous for its _.A. agriculture B. arts festivalC. shipbuilding D. valuable minerals48. Taupo is _ in New Zealand.A. the biggest lake B. the longest riverC. the largest plain D. the highest mountain49. Most animals in New Zealand are _.A. native to the

33、landB. brought from EnglandC. introduced from North America onlyD. ill adapted to New Zealand conditions 50. According to the Treaty of Waitangi, _ is entitled to make laws in New Zealand.A. the Maori people B. the British settlersC. the Queen of England D. the New Zealand governmentII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following ques