高中英語語法-被動(dòng)語態(tài)詳解word版本

1、高中英語語法-被動(dòng)語態(tài)詳解Task 1 Fill the blank by the song Baby, tell me how can I tell you That I you more than life Show me how can I show you That Im by your light When you touch me I can touch you To find out the dream is true I to be loved I need to be I to be by youloveblindedlovelovedlovelovedSummary: 主動(dòng)

2、 or 被動(dòng)？ 主動(dòng)被動(dòng)That I love you more than lifeThat Im blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be lovedI love to be loved by you(五五 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)： 英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)，主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)，主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。如：示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge

3、 over the river. (主動(dòng)主動(dòng)) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被動(dòng)被動(dòng)) 漢語中常用漢語中常用“被被”、“給給”、“由由”、“受受”等詞用來表示被動(dòng)，而英語用：等詞用來表示被動(dòng)，而英語用： 構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 主要體現(xiàn)在主要體現(xiàn)在bebe的變化上，其形式與系動(dòng)詞的變化上，其形式與系動(dòng)詞bebe的變化形式完全的變化形式完全一樣。一樣。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)： 一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)： 一般過去將來時(shí)：一般過去將來時(shí)： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 過去完

4、成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)： 將來完成時(shí)：將來完成時(shí)： 過去將來完成時(shí)：過去將來完成時(shí)： am / is / are + done am / is / are + done was / were + was / were + done shall / will + be shall / will + be done should / would + be should / would + be done am / is / are + being + am / is / are + being + done was / were + being + was / were + being + done h

5、ave / has + been + have / has + been + done had + been + had + been + done shall / will + have been + shall / will + have been + done should / would + have been + should / would + have been + done 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. (2)The school doesnt allow us to enter

6、 the chemistry lab without a teacher. .If he_ enough time, he will come up with an idea.A. gives B. will give C. is given D. will be given.A new film is going to _ this Sunday.A. show B. showing C. be shown D. be showingsummarysummary主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài) S（主語）（主語）+v(動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞)S(主語主語)+am/is/are +過去分詞過去分詞(done)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般

7、現(xiàn)在時(shí)(simple present)：Task 3 Group Work1 一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)： 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí): 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:S+was/were +P.P.S+ will+be+ P.P.S+can/may/must/shoud + be+ P.P.2. 一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. (2)The students didnt forget his lessons easily. 3. 一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)： (1)They will send c

8、ars abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. . I promise that the matter will_. (NMET) A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of析：析：take care of是固定短語，若無是固定短語，若無of則不可帶賓語，則不可帶賓語，只能跟只能跟that從句。所以此題答案為從句。所以此題答案為B。 4. 過去將來時(shí)：過去將來時(shí)： (1)The manager said they woul

9、d complete the project by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. 5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： (1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. (2) We are painting the rooms. . Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet. Weve been told that the papers _

10、. A. are marked B. are being markedC. have been marked D. were marked此題答案應(yīng)為此題答案應(yīng)為B。.We cant use the bridge now, because it _.A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 6. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： (1)The workers were mending the road. (2)This time last year we were planting trees he

11、re. 7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： (1)Someone has told me (2)He has brought his book here. 8. 過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)： (1)When I got to the theatre, I found (2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China.A. must B. must be C. has D. have .His car _ tomorrow.A. will

12、 be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired ( (四）四） 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)： 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)是由含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)是由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be+ 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. Ask and answer watereve

13、ry day at homemy grandmaA: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: y

14、es, they are.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Whe

15、re are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: yes, they are.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the

16、flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.When WhereWhosweepon weekendsin the kitchenmy motherWhen where whoI bought a computer last term A computer was bought (by me) last term.賓賓(受動(dòng)者受動(dòng)者)主主謂謂A computer was bought (by me) last term.Task 41. 1. 把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)

17、態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。保持一致，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正確正確) A new computer have been bought. (錯(cuò)誤錯(cuò)誤) 2. 2. 含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，可分別將其中的一個(gè)賓語變含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，可分別將其中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)，一般變間接賓語為主語時(shí)比較多。為主語，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)，一般變間接賓語為主語時(shí)比較多。 My uncle gave me a present

18、on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接賓語如果把直接賓語( (指物指物) )改為主語，則在間接賓語改為主語，則在間接賓語( (指人指人) )前加適前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如上句還可以說：當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如上句還可以說： A present was given to me yesterday. 一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前用介一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞詞 toto，如：如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, t

19、each, tell 等。等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般一般在下列動(dòng)詞后，間接賓語前用介詞在下列動(dòng)詞后，間接賓語前用介詞 forfor, , 如：如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us.

20、(3) Some country music was played for us. 3. 當(dāng)主動(dòng)句的主語是當(dāng)主動(dòng)句的主語是nobody, no one等含有否定意等含有否定意義的不定代詞時(shí)，被動(dòng)句中將其變?yōu)榱x的不定代詞時(shí)，被動(dòng)句中將其變?yōu)閍nybody, 作作by的賓語，并將謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ǖ谋粍?dòng)語態(tài)。的賓語，并將謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ǖ谋粍?dòng)語態(tài)。如：如： Nobody can answer this question. 誤：誤：The question can be answered by nobody. 正：正： 6. 并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語態(tài)并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1) happen,

21、take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組無被動(dòng)語態(tài)無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：如：誤誤 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.正正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.2) open, break, drop等不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)出者時(shí)常用等不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)出者時(shí)常用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：如： 誤誤 The door has been opened of itself. 正正 The door

22、has opened of itself.8. 短語動(dòng)詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞短語動(dòng)詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞 或副詞?；蚋痹~。如：如： The SARS patients have been taken good care of.9. 一些特殊動(dòng)詞一些特殊動(dòng)詞, 如如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等等 構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)不能與構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)不能與 表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。若要表達(dá)表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。若要表達(dá) 相應(yīng)的意思，則需改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。相應(yīng)的意思，則需改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。 如：

23、如： My brother has had (不能用不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought?10. 10. 在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，例如：用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，例如： 據(jù)說據(jù)說It is said that 據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)It is reported that 據(jù)推測(cè)據(jù)推測(cè)It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 眾所周知眾所周知 It is well known that 普遍認(rèn)為普遍認(rèn)為 It is generally considered that 有人建議有人建議 It is sugge