日本-盂蘭盆節(jié)

1、 The general introduction of Obon 盂蘭盆節(jié)總體介紹盂蘭盆節(jié)總體介紹 The customs of Obon 盂蘭盆節(jié)風(fēng)俗盂蘭盆節(jié)風(fēng)俗 The specialties of Obon (clothing, activity) 盂盂蘭盆蘭盆節(jié)特色（服裝、活動(dòng)）節(jié)特色（服裝、活動(dòng)）盂蘭盆節(jié)在日本又盂蘭盆節(jié)在日本又稱稱“魂祭魂祭”、“燈籠節(jié)燈籠節(jié)”、“佛教佛教萬(wàn)靈萬(wàn)靈會(huì)會(huì)”等等，原是祭祖、，原是祭祖、祈福的日子，現(xiàn)已是家庭團(tuán)圓、合家歡樂(lè)的節(jié)日祈福的日子，現(xiàn)已是家庭團(tuán)圓、合家歡樂(lè)的節(jié)日。 它它原來(lái)是佛教的原來(lái)是佛教的法式。法式。談及盂蘭盆節(jié)，很多人的第一反應(yīng)是日本的節(jié)日

2、。實(shí)際上這是很大的誤解。談及盂蘭盆節(jié)，很多人的第一反應(yīng)是日本的節(jié)日。實(shí)際上這是很大的誤解。 “盂蘭盆節(jié)盂蘭盆節(jié)”早先盛行于中國(guó)和印度，后傳入日本。盂蘭盆節(jié)在飛鳥(niǎo)時(shí)代傳入早先盛行于中國(guó)和印度，后傳入日本。盂蘭盆節(jié)在飛鳥(niǎo)時(shí)代傳入日本，已成為日本僅次于元旦的盛大節(jié)日。日本，已成為日本僅次于元旦的盛大節(jié)日。每到盂蘭盆節(jié)，日本的交通系統(tǒng)格外每到盂蘭盆節(jié)，日本的交通系統(tǒng)格外繁忙繁忙。沿沿高速公路的汽車行列可長(zhǎng)達(dá)幾十高速公路的汽車行列可長(zhǎng)達(dá)幾十公里，像中國(guó)的公里，像中國(guó)的“春運(yùn)春運(yùn)”期間。人們遠(yuǎn)離喧囂的城市趕回故鄉(xiāng)，期間。人們遠(yuǎn)離喧囂的城市趕回故鄉(xiāng)，因此因此也也有有“民民族大移動(dòng)族大移動(dòng)”之說(shuō)之說(shuō) Obon

3、 in Japan, also known as Soul Sacrifice, Lantern Festival, Buddhism Souls and other, originally worship, praying day and now it is family reunion, fun holiday. It original is Buddhist French.Talking about Obon, the first reaction of many people is a Japanese festival. In fact, this is a big misunder

4、standing. Obon had previously prevailed in China and India, the incoming Japanese. Obon introduced to Japan in the Asuka period, second only to New Years Day has become a grand festival in Japan.Every Obon, Japans transport system is particularly busy . Car ranks along the highway up to tens of kilo

5、meters, like Chinas “Spring Festival”. People away from the hustle and bustle of the city back home, so it is also called the “great national moving”.盂蘭盆節(jié)已經(jīng)成為日本特有的祭奠祖先、盂蘭盆節(jié)已經(jīng)成為日本特有的祭奠祖先、祈福祈福的節(jié)日，有其獨(dú)自的特點(diǎn)。的節(jié)日，有其獨(dú)自的特點(diǎn)。日本人過(guò)盂蘭盆節(jié)的氣氛靜謐、莊重。日本人過(guò)盂蘭盆節(jié)的氣氛靜謐、莊重。對(duì)陰魂對(duì)陰魂來(lái)說(shuō)，這是閻羅王一年一來(lái)說(shuō)，這是閻羅王一年一度放假的時(shí)候，也是他們能回家與家人重逢的日子。在

6、當(dāng)年過(guò)世且已過(guò)度放假的時(shí)候，也是他們能回家與家人重逢的日子。在當(dāng)年過(guò)世且已過(guò)七七的陰魂，第一次歸家稱為七七的陰魂，第一次歸家稱為“初盆初盆”或或“新盆新盆”，家人要特別鄭重地，家人要特別鄭重地迎接，門口迎接，門口或墳?zāi)股隙紤覓旒儼谉艋\，且通常會(huì)在或墳?zāi)股隙紤覓旒儼谉艋\，且通常會(huì)在8 8月月1212日傍晚至日傍晚至1313日上日上午，在佛龕靈牌前獻(xiàn)上供品，午，在佛龕靈牌前獻(xiàn)上供品，1313日傍晚再于玄關(guān)前點(diǎn)上盆燈籠。最后在日傍晚再于玄關(guān)前點(diǎn)上盆燈籠。最后在大門口或玄關(guān)前擱一只沙鍋，沙鍋內(nèi)燃燒麻桿，以迎接自陰間回來(lái)的陰大門口或玄關(guān)前擱一只沙鍋，沙鍋內(nèi)燃燒麻桿，以迎接自陰間回來(lái)的陰魂。日本人稱之為魂

7、。日本人稱之為“迎火迎火”。1616日再重復(fù)一次，將先人陰魂送回陰間日再重復(fù)一次，將先人陰魂送回陰間。其為其為“送火送火”。Obon has become Japans unique ancestral shrine and clifford festival, has its own unique characteristics. In Japan ，the atmosphere of Obon is quiet and solemn. For ghosts, this is Yama yearly vacation time, that they can go home ，family r

8、eunion day. Died in the same year and passed Feast of the ghosts, the first time to return home called “the beginning of pots” or “New pots”，they will be special solemnly greeted by the family. The grave or the door are hanging on white lanterns, usually August 12ed evening to 13th morning ，In front

9、 of the buddhist spirit tablet offer offerings. On the 13th evening and then lit a lantern in front of the entrance. Finally, put a casserole in front of the entrance or gate. Put Hemp stalk into the casserole and then Ignite it to meet the ghosts come back from the grave. The Japanese call it “back

10、fires.” In the 16th to do it again ，let the ghosts of their ancestors back to the underworld，which is“Send fire”. 另外另外，日本有些地區(qū)在，日本有些地區(qū)在“送火送火”時(shí)會(huì)將供品裝在盆舟或燈籠里，點(diǎn)時(shí)會(huì)將供品裝在盆舟或燈籠里，點(diǎn)上蠟燭，放入河川大海，這叫上蠟燭，放入河川大海，這叫“精靈流精靈流”，相當(dāng)于中國(guó)的放水燈民俗活，相當(dāng)于中國(guó)的放水燈民俗活動(dòng)動(dòng)。節(jié)日期間，也有人在玄關(guān)裝飾節(jié)日期間，也有人在玄關(guān)裝飾“精靈馬精靈馬”，用牙簽或竹子當(dāng)，用牙簽或竹子當(dāng)四肢，四肢，插插在黃瓜和茄子上比擬

11、為牛、馬。黃瓜是馬，讓陰魂快快回來(lái)之意；在黃瓜和茄子上比擬為牛、馬。黃瓜是馬，讓陰魂快快回來(lái)之意；茄子是牛，讓陰魂慢慢回陰間之意茄子是牛，讓陰魂慢慢回陰間之意。京都京都五山送火五山送火是在京都盆地四周山上分別用火把點(diǎn)燃大、是在京都盆地四周山上分別用火把點(diǎn)燃大、妙、法三個(gè)文字，以及舟形、鳥(niǎo)居形妙、法三個(gè)文字，以及舟形、鳥(niǎo)居形火焰火焰, ,為祖先的靈為祖先的靈魂魂送行送行. .In addition, some areas of Japan, in the Send fire when the offerings will In addition, some areas of Japan, in

12、the Send fire when the offerings will be installed in the boat basin or lantern, be installed in the boat basin or lantern, with with a candle, into rivers sea, a candle, into rivers sea, called Wizard flow, the equivalent of Chinas water lanterns folk called Wizard flow, the equivalent of Chinas wa

13、ter lanterns folk activities. activities. During the festival, there are people in the entrance decorated During the festival, there are people in the entrance decorated “spirit “spirit horse”, horse”, With a toothpick or bamboo as limbs, With a toothpick or bamboo as limbs, inserted inserted in the

14、 cucumber and in the cucumber and eggplanteggplant，treat treat them as cattle and horses them as cattle and horses .Cucumber .Cucumber is a is a horse , meaning horse , meaning to to let the ghosts come back quickly; Eggplant is a cow, meaning let the ghosts let the ghosts come back quickly; Eggplan

15、t is a cow, meaning let the ghosts back to the underworld back to the underworld slowly. slowly. Kyoto Kyoto GozanGozan Fire is surrounded by mountains in Kyoto, respectively, with Fire is surrounded by mountains in Kyoto, respectively, with torches lit torches lit “great”, “wonderful”, “Law” “great”, “wonderful”, “Law” three words, and the boat-three words, and the boat-shaped, Torii shaped shaped, Torii shap